CVE-2025-25293
ruby-saml vulnerable to Remote Denial of Service (DoS) with compressed SAML responses
ruby-saml provides security assertion markup language (SAML) single sign-on (SSO) for Ruby. Prior to versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0, ruby-saml is susceptible to remote Denial of Service (DoS) with compressed SAML responses. ruby-saml uses zlib to decompress SAML responses in case they're compressed. It is possible to bypass the message size check with a compressed assertion since the message size is checked before inflation and not after. This issue may lead to remote Denial of Service (DoS). Versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 fix the issue.
Attack profile
How easy it is to exploit
- Attack vector
- Network
- Complexity
- Low
- Privileges needed
- None
- User interaction
- None
What an attacker can affect
- Confidentiality
- None
- Integrity
- None
- Availability
- High
Exploit likelihood
What each source reports
CVE List Score used
ruby-saml vulnerable to Remote Denial of Service (DoS) with compressed SAML responses
ruby-saml provides security assertion markup language (SAML) single sign-on (SSO) for Ruby. Prior to versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0, ruby-saml is susceptible to remote Denial of Service (DoS) with compressed SAML responses. ruby-saml uses zlib to decompress SAML responses in case they're compressed. It is possible to bypass the message size check with a compressed assertion since the message size is checked before inflation and not after. This issue may lead to remote Denial of Service (DoS). Versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 fix the issue.
- Record
CVE-2025-25293- CVSS 4.0
- 7.7 High
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P - Weakness
- CWE-400
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2025-6413
ruby-saml provides security assertion markup language (SAML) single sign-on (SSO) for Ruby. Prior to versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0, ruby-saml is susceptible to remote Denial of Service (DoS) with compressed SAML responses. ruby-saml uses zlib to decompress SAML responses in case they're compressed. It is possible to bypass the message size check with a compressed assertion since the message size is checked before inflation and not after. This issue may lead to remote Denial of Service (DoS). Versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 fix the issue.
- Record
EUVD-2025-6413- CVSS 4.0
- 7.7 High
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P - Updated
- 2026-11-02
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-92rq-c8cf-prrq
Ruby SAML allows remote Denial of Service (DoS) with compressed SAML responses
Summary
ruby-saml is susceptible to remote Denial of Service (DoS) with compressed SAML responses.
Ruby-saml uses zlib to decompress SAML responses in case they're compressed. It is possible to bypass the message size check with a compressed assertion since the message size is checked before inflation and not after.
Impact
This issue may lead to remote Denial of Service (DoS).
- Record
GHSA-92rq-c8cf-prrq- CVSS 4.0
- 7.7 High
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P - CVSS 3.1
- 7.5 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-400, CWE-770
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
NVD
ruby-saml provides security assertion markup language (SAML) single sign-on (SSO) for Ruby. Prior to versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0, ruby-saml is susceptible to remote Denial of Service (DoS) with compressed SAML responses. ruby-saml uses zlib to decompress SAML responses in case they're compressed. It is possible to bypass the message size check with a compressed assertion since the message size is checked before inflation and not after. This issue may lead to remote Denial of Service (DoS). Versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 fix the issue.
- Record
CVE-2025-25293- CVSS 4.0
- 7.7 High
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X - CVSS 3.1
- 7.5 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-400
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSV
ruby-saml vulnerable to Remote Denial of Service (DoS) with compressed SAML responses
ruby-saml provides security assertion markup language (SAML) single sign-on (SSO) for Ruby. Prior to versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0, ruby-saml is susceptible to remote Denial of Service (DoS) with compressed SAML responses. ruby-saml uses zlib to decompress SAML responses in case they're compressed. It is possible to bypass the message size check with a compressed assertion since the message size is checked before inflation and not after. This issue may lead to remote Denial of Service (DoS). Versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 fix the issue.
- Record
CVE-2025-25293- CVSS 4.0
- 7.7 High
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P - Weakness
- CWE-400
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVDEBIAN-CVE-2025-25293
ruby-saml provides security assertion markup language (SAML) single sign-on (SSO) for Ruby. Prior to versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0, ruby-saml is susceptible to remote Denial of Service (DoS) with compressed SAML responses. ruby-saml uses zlib to decompress SAML responses in case they're compressed. It is possible to bypass the message size check with a compressed assertion since the message size is checked before inflation and not after. This issue may lead to remote Denial of Service (DoS). Versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 fix the issue.
- Record
DEBIAN-CVE-2025-25293- CVSS 3.1
- 7.5 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H - Updated
- 2026-11-02
Show 4 moreShow less
OSVGHSA-92rq-c8cf-prrq
Ruby SAML allows remote Denial of Service (DoS) with compressed SAML responses
Summary
ruby-saml is susceptible to remote Denial of Service (DoS) with compressed SAML responses.
Ruby-saml uses zlib to decompress SAML responses in case they're compressed. It is possible to bypass the message size check with a compressed assertion since the message size is checked before inflation and not after.
Impact
This issue may lead to remote Denial of Service (DoS).
- Record
GHSA-92rq-c8cf-prrq- CVSS 4.0
- 7.7 High
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P - CVSS 3.1
- 7.5 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-400, CWE-770
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVUBUNTU-CVE-2025-25293
ruby-saml provides security assertion markup language (SAML) single sign-on (SSO) for Ruby. Prior to versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0, ruby-saml is susceptible to remote Denial of Service (DoS) with compressed SAML responses. ruby-saml uses zlib to decompress SAML responses in case they're compressed. It is possible to bypass the message size check with a compressed assertion since the message size is checked before inflation and not after. This issue may lead to remote Denial of Service (DoS). Versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 fix the issue.
- Record
UBUNTU-CVE-2025-25293- CVSS 4.0
- 7.7 High
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P - CVSS 3.1
- 7.5 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H - Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVBIT-gitlab-2025-25293 No score
ruby-saml vulnerable to Remote Denial of Service (DoS) with compressed SAML responses
ruby-saml provides security assertion markup language (SAML) single sign-on (SSO) for Ruby. Prior to versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0, ruby-saml is susceptible to remote Denial of Service (DoS) with compressed SAML responses. ruby-saml uses zlib to decompress SAML responses in case they're compressed. It is possible to bypass the message size check with a compressed assertion since the message size is checked before inflation and not after. This issue may lead to remote Denial of Service (DoS). Versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 fix the issue.
- Record
BIT-gitlab-2025-25293- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVUSN-7409-1 No score
ruby-saml vulnerabilities
It was discovered that ruby-saml did not correctly handle XML parsing. An attacker could possibly use this issue to perform a signature wrapping attack and bypass authentication. (CVE-2025-25291 and CVE-2025-25292)
It was discovered that ruby-saml did not correctly handle decompressing SAML responses. An attacker could possibly use this issue to cause a denial of service. (CVE-2025-25293)
- Record
USN-7409-1- Updated
- 2026-11-02
Affected products
Affected packages
| Package | Affected | Fixed |
|---|---|---|
ruby-samlRubyGems |
before 1.12.4 | 1.12.4 |
ruby-samlRubyGems |
1.13.0 up to 1.18.0 | 1.18.0 |
gitlabBitnami |
before 17.9.2 | 17.9.2 |
ruby-samlDebian:12 |
All versions, plus listed versions 1.13.0-11.13.0-1+deb12u11.15.0-11.17.0-1 |
None known |
ruby-samlDebian:11 From an advisory covering 3 CVEs |
before 1.11.0-1+deb11u2, plus listed versions 1.11.0-11.11.0-1+deb11u1 |
1.11.0-1+deb11u2 |
ruby-samlRubyGems |
before 1.12.4, plus listed versions 0.0.50.0.60.0.70.0.80.2.1 Show 45 moreShow less0.2.20.2.30.3.00.3.10.3.20.3.30.3.40.4.00.4.10.4.20.4.30.4.40.4.50.4.60.4.70.5.00.5.10.5.20.5.30.6.00.7.00.7.10.7.20.7.30.8.00.8.10.8.100.8.110.8.120.8.130.8.140.8.150.8.160.8.170.8.180.8.20.8.30.8.40.8.50.8.60.8.70.8.80.8.90.90.9.1 |
1.12.4 |
ruby-samlRubyGems |
1.13.0 up to 1.18.0, plus listed versions 1.14.01.15.01.16.01.17.0 |
1.18.0 |
ruby-samlUbuntu:Pro:16.04:LTS |
before 1.1.2-1ubuntu1+esm2, plus listed versions 0.9.2-11.0.0-11.1.2-1ubuntu11.1.2-1ubuntu1+esm1 |
1.1.2-1ubuntu1+esm2 |
ruby-samlUbuntu:Pro:18.04:LTS |
before 1.7.2-1ubuntu0.1~esm2, plus listed versions 1.4.1-11.7.2-11.7.2-1ubuntu0.1~esm1 |
1.7.2-1ubuntu0.1~esm2 |
ruby-samlUbuntu:Pro:20.04:LTS |
before 1.11.0-1ubuntu0.1+esm1, plus listed versions 1.7.2-11.11.0-11.11.0-1ubuntu0.1 |
1.11.0-1ubuntu0.1+esm1 |
Show 7 moreShow less
| Package | Affected | Fixed |
|---|---|---|
ruby-samlUbuntu:Pro:22.04:LTS |
before 1.13.0-1ubuntu0.1+esm1, plus listed versions 1.11.0-11.13.0-11.13.0-1ubuntu0.1 |
1.13.0-1ubuntu0.1+esm1 |
ruby-samlUbuntu:Pro:24.04:LTS |
before 1.15.0-1ubuntu0.24.04.1+esm1, plus listed versions 1.15.0-11.15.0-1ubuntu0.24.04.1 |
1.15.0-1ubuntu0.24.04.1+esm1 |
ruby-samlUbuntu:Pro:16.04:LTS From an advisory covering 3 CVEs |
before 1.1.2-1ubuntu1+esm2, plus listed versions 0.9.2-11.0.0-11.1.2-1ubuntu11.1.2-1ubuntu1+esm1 |
1.1.2-1ubuntu1+esm2 |
ruby-samlUbuntu:Pro:18.04:LTS From an advisory covering 3 CVEs |
before 1.7.2-1ubuntu0.1~esm2, plus listed versions 1.4.1-11.7.2-11.7.2-1ubuntu0.1~esm1 |
1.7.2-1ubuntu0.1~esm2 |
ruby-samlUbuntu:Pro:20.04:LTS From an advisory covering 3 CVEs |
before 1.11.0-1ubuntu0.1+esm1, plus listed versions 1.7.2-11.11.0-11.11.0-1ubuntu0.1 |
1.11.0-1ubuntu0.1+esm1 |
ruby-samlUbuntu:Pro:22.04:LTS From an advisory covering 3 CVEs |
before 1.13.0-1ubuntu0.1+esm1, plus listed versions 1.11.0-11.13.0-11.13.0-1ubuntu0.1 |
1.13.0-1ubuntu0.1+esm1 |
ruby-samlUbuntu:Pro:24.04:LTS From an advisory covering 3 CVEs |
before 1.15.0-1ubuntu0.24.04.1+esm1, plus listed versions 1.15.0-11.15.0-1ubuntu0.24.04.1 |
1.15.0-1ubuntu0.24.04.1+esm1 |
History
| Recorded | Changed | Sources |
|---|---|---|
| affected, facts | ||
| first indexed | CVE List, EUVD, GitHub Advisories, NVD, OSV |
Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.
In short
CVE-2025-25293 is a high vulnerability (CVSS 7.7) in Omniauth Saml, published March 12, 2025. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 1.53%, the 74th percentile. Fixed in ruby-saml 1.12.4.
References
github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/security/advisories/GHSA-92rq-c8cf-prrq
about.gitlab.com/releases/2025/03/12/patch-release-gitlab-17-9-2-released
github.blog/security/sign-in-as-anyone-bypassing-saml-sso-authentication-with-parser-differentials
Show 16 moreShow less
securitylab.github.com/advisories/GHSL-2024-355_ruby-saml
security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20250314-0008
lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/04/msg00011.html
nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-25293
security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2025-25293
ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2025-25293
cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-25293
Left out here: 31 versions. The JSON record has them.