CVE-2025-31123
Zitadel Expired JWT Keys Usable for Authorization Grants
Zitadel is open-source identity infrastructure software. A vulnerability existed where expired keys can be used to retrieve tokens. Specifically, ZITADEL fails to properly check the expiration date of the JWT key when used for Authorization Grants. This allows an attacker with an expired key to obtain valid access tokens. This vulnerability does not affect the use of JWT Profile for OAuth 2.0 Client Authentication on the Token and Introspection endpoints, which correctly reject expired keys. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.71.6, 2.70.8, 2.69.9, 2.68.9, 2.67.13, 2.66.16, 2.65.7, 2.64.6, and 2.63.9.
Attack profile
How easy it is to exploit
- Attack vector
- Network
- Complexity
- Low
- Privileges needed
- High
- User interaction
- None
What an attacker can affect
- Confidentiality
- High
- Integrity
- High
- Availability
- None
Exploit likelihood
What each source reports
CVE List Score used
8.7
Zitadel Expired JWT Keys Usable for Authorization Grants
Zitadel is open-source identity infrastructure software. A vulnerability existed where expired keys can be used to retrieve tokens. Specifically, ZITADEL fails to properly check the expiration date of the JWT key when used for Authorization Grants. This allows an attacker with an expired key to obtain valid access tokens. This vulnerability does not affect the use of JWT Profile for OAuth 2.0 Client Authentication on the Token and Introspection endpoints, which correctly reject expired keys. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.71.6, 2.70.8, 2.69.9, 2.68.9, 2.67.13, 2.66.16, 2.65.7, 2.64.6, and 2.63.9.
- Record
CVE-2025-31123- CVSS 3.1
- 8.7 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N - Weakness
- CWE-324
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2025-8872
8.7
Zitadel is open-source identity infrastructure software. A vulnerability existed where expired keys can be used to retrieve tokens. Specifically, ZITADEL fails to properly check the expiration date of the JWT key when used for Authorization Grants. This allows an attacker with an expired key to obtain valid access tokens. This vulnerability does not affect the use of JWT Profile for OAuth 2.0 Client Authentication on the Token and Introspection endpoints, which correctly reject expired keys. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.71.6, 2.70.8, 2.69.9, 2.68.9, 2.67.13, 2.66.16, 2.65.7, 2.64.6, and 2.63.9.
- Record
EUVD-2025-8872- CVSS 3.1
- 8.7 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N - Updated
- 2026-11-02
NVD
8.7
Zitadel is open-source identity infrastructure software. A vulnerability existed where expired keys can be used to retrieve tokens. Specifically, ZITADEL fails to properly check the expiration date of the JWT key when used for Authorization Grants. This allows an attacker with an expired key to obtain valid access tokens. This vulnerability does not affect the use of JWT Profile for OAuth 2.0 Client Authentication on the Token and Introspection endpoints, which correctly reject expired keys. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.71.6, 2.70.8, 2.69.9, 2.68.9, 2.67.13, 2.66.16, 2.65.7, 2.64.6, and 2.63.9.
- Record
CVE-2025-31123- CVSS 3.1
- 8.7 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N - Weakness
- CWE-324
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSV
8.7
Zitadel Expired JWT Keys Usable for Authorization Grants
Zitadel is open-source identity infrastructure software. A vulnerability existed where expired keys can be used to retrieve tokens. Specifically, ZITADEL fails to properly check the expiration date of the JWT key when used for Authorization Grants. This allows an attacker with an expired key to obtain valid access tokens. This vulnerability does not affect the use of JWT Profile for OAuth 2.0 Client Authentication on the Token and Introspection endpoints, which correctly reject expired keys. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.71.6, 2.70.8, 2.69.9, 2.68.9, 2.67.13, 2.66.16, 2.65.7, 2.64.6, and 2.63.9.
- Record
CVE-2025-31123- CVSS 3.1
- 8.7 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N - Weakness
- CWE-324
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
Affected products
History
| Recorded | Changed | Sources |
|---|---|---|
| first indexed | CVE List, EUVD, NVD, OSV |
Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.
In short
CVE-2025-31123 is a high vulnerability (CVSS 8.7) in Zitadel, published March 31, 2025. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.40%, the 34th percentile. No source names a fixed version.
References
github.com/zitadel/zitadel/security/advisories/GHSA-h3q7-347g-qwhf
github.com/zitadel/zitadel/commit/315503beabd679f2e6aec0c004f0f9d2f5b53ed3
github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.63.9
github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.64.6
github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.65.7
github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.66.16
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github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.67.13
github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.68.9
github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.69.9
github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.70.8
github.com/zitadel/zitadel/releases/tag/v2.71.6
github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2025/31xxx/CVE-2025-31123.json
nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-31123