CVE-2025-31129

jooby-pac4j: deserialization of untrusted data

8.8 HighPublic exploitFix available

Jooby is a web framework for Java and Kotlin. The pac4j io.jooby.internal.pac4j.SessionStoreImpl#get module deserializes untrusted data. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.17.0 (2.x) and 3.7.0 (3.x).

Attack profile

How easy it is to exploit

Attack vector: Network
Complexity: Low
Privileges needed: None
User interaction: Required

What an attacker can affect

Confidentiality: High
Integrity: High
Availability: High

Exploit likelihood

0.66%Up 0.6 points since Apr 1, 2025

What each source reports

CVE List Score used 8.8

jooby-pac4j: deserialization of untrusted data

Jooby is a web framework for Java and Kotlin. The pac4j io.jooby.internal.pac4j.SessionStoreImpl#get module deserializes untrusted data. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.17.0 (2.x) and 3.7.0 (3.x).

Record: CVE-2025-31129
CVSS 3.1: 8.8 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness: CWE-502
Updated: 2026-11-02

EUVDEUVD-2025-9309 8.8

Jooby is a web framework for Java and Kotlin. The pac4j io.jooby.internal.pac4j.SessionStoreImpl#get module deserializes untrusted data. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.17.0 (2.x) and 3.7.0 (3.x).

Record: EUVD-2025-9309
CVSS 3.1: 8.8 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Updated: 2026-11-02

GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-7c5v-895v-w4q5 8.8

jooby-pac4j: deserialization of untrusted data

Impact

Versions after 2.x and before 3.x of io.jooby:jooby-pac4j can cause deserialization of untrusted data

Patches

2.17.0 (2.x)
3.7.0 (3.x)

Workarounds

Not using io.jooby:jooby-pac4j until it gets patches.
Check what values you put/save on session

References

Version 2.x:

https://github.com/jooby-project/jooby/blob/v2.x/modules/jooby-pac4j/src/main/java/io/jooby/internal/pac4j/SessionStoreImpl.java#L39-L45

Version 3.x: https://github.com/jooby-project/jooby/blob/v3.6.1/modules/jooby-pac4j/src/main/java/io/jooby/internal/pac4j/SessionStoreImpl.java#L77-L84

Cause

In module pac4j io.jooby.internal.pac4j.SessionStoreImpl#get , it is used to handle sessions , and trying to get key value. In strToObject function ,it's trying to deserialize value when value starts with "b64~" , which might cause deserialization of untrusted data.

modules/jooby-pac4j/src/main/java/io/jooby/internal/pac4j/SessionStoreImpl.java

Here's a small demo using SessionStoreImpl#get to handle sessions ,and user can pass parameters.

And following below is exploiting successfully(execute calculator)

Record: GHSA-7c5v-895v-w4q5
CVSS 3.1: 8.8 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness: CWE-502
Updated: 2026-11-02

NVD 8.8

Jooby is a web framework for Java and Kotlin. The pac4j io.jooby.internal.pac4j.SessionStoreImpl#get module deserializes untrusted data. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.17.0 (2.x) and 3.7.0 (3.x).

Record: CVE-2025-31129
CVSS 3.1: 8.8 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness: CWE-502
Updated: 2026-11-02

OSV 8.8

jooby-pac4j: deserialization of untrusted data

Jooby is a web framework for Java and Kotlin. The pac4j io.jooby.internal.pac4j.SessionStoreImpl#get module deserializes untrusted data. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.17.0 (2.x) and 3.7.0 (3.x).

Record: CVE-2025-31129
CVSS 3.1: 8.8 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness: CWE-502
Updated: 2026-11-02

OSVGHSA-7c5v-895v-w4q5 8.8

jooby-pac4j: deserialization of untrusted data

Impact

Versions after 2.x and before 3.x of io.jooby:jooby-pac4j can cause deserialization of untrusted data

Patches

2.17.0 (2.x)
3.7.0 (3.x)

Workarounds

Not using io.jooby:jooby-pac4j until it gets patches.
Check what values you put/save on session

References

Version 2.x:

https://github.com/jooby-project/jooby/blob/v2.x/modules/jooby-pac4j/src/main/java/io/jooby/internal/pac4j/SessionStoreImpl.java#L39-L45

Version 3.x: https://github.com/jooby-project/jooby/blob/v3.6.1/modules/jooby-pac4j/src/main/java/io/jooby/internal/pac4j/SessionStoreImpl.java#L77-L84

Cause

modules/jooby-pac4j/src/main/java/io/jooby/internal/pac4j/SessionStoreImpl.java

Here's a small demo using SessionStoreImpl#get to handle sessions ,and user can pass parameters.

And following below is exploiting successfully(execute calculator)

Record: GHSA-7c5v-895v-w4q5
CVSS 3.1: 8.8 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness: CWE-502
Updated: 2026-11-02

Affected products

jooby-project jooby

Affected packages

Affected packages
Package	Affected	Fixed
`io.jooby:jooby-pac4j` Maven	before 2.17.0	2.17.0
`io.jooby:jooby-pac4j` Maven	3.0.0.M1 up to 3.7.0	3.7.0
`io.jooby:jooby-pac4j` Maven	before 2.17.0, plus listed versions 2.10.02.11.02.12.02.13.02.14.0 Show 37 moreShow less 2.14.12.14.22.15.02.15.12.16.02.16.12.16.22.16.32.16.42.4.02.5.02.5.12.6.02.6.12.6.22.7.02.7.12.7.22.7.32.8.02.8.12.8.102.8.22.8.32.8.42.8.52.8.62.8.72.8.82.8.92.9.02.9.12.9.22.9.32.9.42.9.52.9.6	2.17.0
`io.jooby:jooby-pac4j` Maven	3.0.0.M1 up to 3.7.0, plus listed versions 3.0.03.0.0.M113.0.0.M23.0.0.M33.0.0.M4 Show 43 moreShow less 3.0.0.M53.0.0.M63.0.0.M73.0.0.M93.0.13.0.103.0.23.0.33.0.43.0.53.0.63.0.73.0.83.0.93.1.03.1.13.1.23.1.33.1.43.2.03.2.13.2.23.2.33.2.43.2.53.2.63.2.73.2.83.2.93.3.03.3.13.4.03.4.13.4.23.4.33.5.03.5.13.5.23.5.33.5.43.5.53.6.03.6.1	3.7.0

Public exploits

Links only. Every CVE stores no exploit code.

Public exploits
Source	Link	Date
PoC in GitHub	cwm1123/CVE-2025-31129	2025-04-01

History

History
Recorded	Changed	Sources
Nov 2, 2026	first indexed	CVE List, EUVD, GitHub Advisories, NVD, OSV, PoC in GitHub

Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.

In short

CVE-2025-31129 is a high vulnerability (CVSS 8.8) in Jooby-project Jooby, published March 31, 2025. Public exploit code exists. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.66%, the 51st percentile. Fixed in io.jooby:jooby-pac4j 2.17.0.