CVE-2025-4228
Cortex XDR Broker VM: Privilege Escalation (PE) Vulnerability
An incorrect privilege assignment vulnerability in Palo Alto Networks Cortex® XDR Broker VM allows an authenticated administrative user to execute certain files available within the Broker VM and escalate their privileges to root.
Attack profile
How easy it is to exploit
- Attack vector
- Local
- Complexity
- Low
- Privileges needed
- High
- User interaction
- None
What an attacker can affect
- Confidentiality
- Low
- Integrity
- Low
- Availability
- Low
Exploit likelihood
What each source reports
CVE List Score used
Cortex XDR Broker VM: Privilege Escalation (PE) Vulnerability
An incorrect privilege assignment vulnerability in Palo Alto Networks Cortex® XDR Broker VM allows an authenticated administrative user to execute certain files available within the Broker VM and escalate their privileges to root.
- Record
CVE-2025-4228- CVSS 4.0
- 4.6 Medium
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/AU:N/R:U/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber - Weakness
- CWE-266
- Updated
- 2026-11-03
EUVDEUVD-2025-18225
An incorrect privilege assignment vulnerability in Palo Alto Networks Cortex® XDR Broker VM allows an authenticated administrative user to execute certain files available within the Broker VM and escalate their privileges to root.
- Record
EUVD-2025-18225- CVSS 4.0
- 4.6 Medium
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/AU:N/R:U/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber - Updated
- 2026-11-03
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-3gcp-58m3-9fp5
An incorrect privilege assignment vulnerability in Palo Alto Networks Cortex® XDR Broker VM...
An incorrect privilege assignment vulnerability in Palo Alto Networks Cortex® XDR Broker VM allows an authenticated administrative user to execute certain files available within the Broker VM and escalate their privileges to root.
- Record
GHSA-3gcp-58m3-9fp5- CVSS 4.0
- 4.6 Medium
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:N/R:U/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber - Weakness
- CWE-266
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
NVD
An incorrect privilege assignment vulnerability in Palo Alto Networks Cortex® XDR Broker VM allows an authenticated administrative user to execute certain files available within the Broker VM and escalate their privileges to root.
- Record
CVE-2025-4228- CVSS 4.0
- 4.6 Medium
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:N/R:U/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber - Weakness
- CWE-266
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
Affected products
History
| Recorded | Changed | Sources |
|---|---|---|
| facts | CVE List, EUVD | |
| first indexed | CVE List, EUVD, GitHub Advisories, NVD |
Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.
In short
CVE-2025-4228 is a medium vulnerability (CVSS 4.6) in Palo Alto Networks Cortex Xdr Broker Vm, published June 12, 2025. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.20%, the 9th percentile. No source names a fixed version.