CVE-2025-4275
SecureFlashDxe: Incorrect UEFI variable attributes check allows usage of invalid certificate
A vulnerability in the digital signature verification process does not properly validate variable attributes which allows an attacker to bypass signature verification by creating a non-authenticated NVRAM variable. An attacker may to execute arbitrary signed UEFI code and bypass Secure Boot.
Attack profile
How easy it is to exploit
- Attack vector
- Local
- Complexity
- High
- Privileges needed
- Low
- User interaction
- None
What an attacker can affect
- Confidentiality
- High
- Integrity
- High
- Availability
- High
Exploit likelihood
What each source reports
CVE List Score used
SecureFlashDxe: Incorrect UEFI variable attributes check allows usage of invalid certificate
A vulnerability in the digital signature verification process does not properly validate variable attributes which allows an attacker to bypass signature verification by creating a non-authenticated NVRAM variable. An attacker may to execute arbitrary signed UEFI code and bypass Secure Boot.
- Record
CVE-2025-4275- CVSS 3.1
- 7.8 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H - Updated
- 2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2025-18070
A vulnerability in the digital signature verification process does not properly validate variable attributes which allows an attacker to bypass signature verification by creating a non-authenticated NVRAM variable. An attacker may to execute arbitrary signed UEFI code and bypass Secure Boot.
- Record
EUVD-2025-18070- CVSS 3.1
- 7.8 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H - Updated
- 2026-11-02
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-v9r5-7mg9-fwrr
Running the provided utility changes the certificate on any Insyde BIOS and then the attached ...
Running the provided utility changes the certificate on any Insyde BIOS and then the attached .efi file can be launched.
- Record
GHSA-v9r5-7mg9-fwrr- CVSS 3.1
- 7.8 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H - Updated
- 2026-11-02
NVD
A vulnerability in the digital signature verification process does not properly validate variable attributes which allows an attacker to bypass signature verification by creating a non-authenticated NVRAM variable. An attacker may to execute arbitrary signed UEFI code and bypass Secure Boot.
- Record
CVE-2025-4275- CVSS 3.1
- 7.8 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H - Updated
- 2026-11-02
Affected products
Public exploits
Links only. Every CVE stores no exploit code.
| Source | Link | Date |
|---|---|---|
| PoC in GitHub | Dorlander/hydrophobia-scanner | 2026-10-22 |
| PoC in GitHub | NikolajSchlej/Hydroph0bia | 2025-06-10 |
| PoC in GitHub | TheMalwareGuardian/CVE-2025-4275 | 2026-01-12 |
History
| Recorded | Changed | Sources |
|---|---|---|
| first indexed | CVE List, EUVD, GitHub Advisories, NVD, PoC in GitHub |
Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.
In short
CVE-2025-4275 is a high vulnerability (CVSS 7.8) in Insyde Software Insydeh2o, published June 11, 2025. Public exploit code exists. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.48%, the 41st percentile. No source names a fixed version.