CVE-2025-48054
Radashi Vulnerable to Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Radashi is a TypeScript utility toolkit. Prior to version 12.5.1, the set function within the Radashi library is vulnerable to prototype pollution. If an attacker can control parts of the path argument to the set function, they could potentially modify the prototype of all objects in the JavaScript runtime, leading to unexpected behavior, denial of service, or even remote code execution in some specific scenarios. This issue has been patched in version 12.5.1. A workaround for this issue involves sanitizing the path argument provided to the set function to ensure that no part of the path string is proto, prototype, or constructor.
Attack profile
How easy it is to exploit
- Attack vector
- Network
- Complexity
- Low
- Privileges needed
- None
- User interaction
- None
What an attacker can affect
- Confidentiality
- None
- Integrity
- High
- Availability
- High
Exploit likelihood
What each source reports
CVE List Score used
6.8
Radashi Vulnerable to Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Radashi is a TypeScript utility toolkit. Prior to version 12.5.1, the set function within the Radashi library is vulnerable to prototype pollution. If an attacker can control parts of the path argument to the set function, they could potentially modify the prototype of all objects in the JavaScript runtime, leading to unexpected behavior, denial of service, or even remote code execution in some specific scenarios. This issue has been patched in version 12.5.1. A workaround for this issue involves sanitizing the path argument provided to the set function to ensure that no part of the path string is proto, prototype, or constructor.
- Record
CVE-2025-48054- CVSS 4.0
- 6.8 Medium
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U - Weakness
- CWE-1321
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2025-28140
6.8
Radashi is a TypeScript utility toolkit. Prior to version 12.5.1, the set function within the Radashi library is vulnerable to prototype pollution. If an attacker can control parts of the path argument to the set function, they could potentially modify the prototype of all objects in the JavaScript runtime, leading to unexpected behavior, denial of service, or even remote code execution in some specific scenarios. This issue has been patched in version 12.5.1. A workaround for this issue involves sanitizing the path argument provided to the set function to ensure that no part of the path string is proto, prototype, or constructor.
- Record
EUVD-2025-28140- CVSS 4.0
- 6.8 Medium
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U - Updated
- 2026-11-02
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-2xv9-ghh9-xc69
6.8
radashi Allows Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Impact
This is a prototype pollution vulnerability. It impacts users of the set function within the Radashi library. If an attacker can control parts of the path argument to the set function, they could potentially modify the prototype of all objects in the JavaScript runtime, leading to unexpected behavior, denial of service, or even remote code execution in some specific scenarios.
Patches
The vulnerability has been patched in commit 8147abc8cfc3cfe9b9a17cd389076a5d97235a66. Users should upgrade to a version of Radashi that includes this commit. The fix utilizes a new helper function, isDangerousKey, to prevent the use of __proto__, prototype, or constructor as keys in the path, throwing an error if any are encountered. This check is bypassed for objects with a null prototype.
Workarounds
Users on older versions can mitigate this vulnerability by sanitizing the path argument provided to the set function to ensure that no part of the path string is __proto__, prototype, or constructor. For example, by checking each segment of the path before passing it to the set function.
References
- Git commit:
8147abc8cfc3cfe9b9a17cd389076a5d97235a66 - CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Dynamically-Determined Object Attributes ('Prototype Pollution'): https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/1321.html
- Record
GHSA-2xv9-ghh9-xc69- CVSS 4.0
- 6.8 Medium
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U - Weakness
- CWE-1321
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
NVD
6.8
Radashi is a TypeScript utility toolkit. Prior to version 12.5.1, the set function within the Radashi library is vulnerable to prototype pollution. If an attacker can control parts of the path argument to the set function, they could potentially modify the prototype of all objects in the JavaScript runtime, leading to unexpected behavior, denial of service, or even remote code execution in some specific scenarios. This issue has been patched in version 12.5.1. A workaround for this issue involves sanitizing the path argument provided to the set function to ensure that no part of the path string is proto, prototype, or constructor.
- Record
CVE-2025-48054- CVSS 4.0
- 6.8 Medium
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X - Weakness
- CWE-1321
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSV
6.8
Radashi Vulnerable to Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Radashi is a TypeScript utility toolkit. Prior to version 12.5.1, the set function within the Radashi library is vulnerable to prototype pollution. If an attacker can control parts of the path argument to the set function, they could potentially modify the prototype of all objects in the JavaScript runtime, leading to unexpected behavior, denial of service, or even remote code execution in some specific scenarios. This issue has been patched in version 12.5.1. A workaround for this issue involves sanitizing the path argument provided to the set function to ensure that no part of the path string is proto, prototype, or constructor.
- Record
CVE-2025-48054- CVSS 4.0
- 6.8 Medium
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U - Weakness
- CWE-1321
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVGHSA-2xv9-ghh9-xc69
6.8
radashi Allows Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Impact
This is a prototype pollution vulnerability. It impacts users of the set function within the Radashi library. If an attacker can control parts of the path argument to the set function, they could potentially modify the prototype of all objects in the JavaScript runtime, leading to unexpected behavior, denial of service, or even remote code execution in some specific scenarios.
Patches
The vulnerability has been patched in commit 8147abc8cfc3cfe9b9a17cd389076a5d97235a66. Users should upgrade to a version of Radashi that includes this commit. The fix utilizes a new helper function, isDangerousKey, to prevent the use of __proto__, prototype, or constructor as keys in the path, throwing an error if any are encountered. This check is bypassed for objects with a null prototype.
Workarounds
Users on older versions can mitigate this vulnerability by sanitizing the path argument provided to the set function to ensure that no part of the path string is __proto__, prototype, or constructor. For example, by checking each segment of the path before passing it to the set function.
References
- Git commit:
8147abc8cfc3cfe9b9a17cd389076a5d97235a66 - CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Dynamically-Determined Object Attributes ('Prototype Pollution'): https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/1321.html
- Record
GHSA-2xv9-ghh9-xc69- CVSS 4.0
- 6.8 Medium
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U - Weakness
- CWE-1321
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
Affected products
Affected packages
| Package | Affected | Fixed |
|---|---|---|
radashinpm |
before 12.5.1 | 12.5.1 |
History
| Recorded | Changed | Sources |
|---|---|---|
| first indexed | CVE List, EUVD, GitHub Advisories, NVD, OSV |
Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.
In short
CVE-2025-48054 is a medium vulnerability (CVSS 6.8) in Radashi-org Radashi, published May 27, 2025. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.69%, the 53rd percentile. Fixed in radashi 12.5.1.
References
github.com/radashi-org/radashi/security/advisories/GHSA-2xv9-ghh9-xc69
github.com/radashi-org/radashi/commit/8147abc8cfc3cfe9b9a17cd389076a5d97235a66
nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-48054
github.com/advisories/GHSA-2xv9-ghh9-xc69
github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2025/48xxx/CVE-2025-48054.json
github.com/radashi-org/radashi