CVE-2025-48710
kro Confused Deputy vulnerability
kro (Kube Resource Orchestrator) 0.1.0 before 0.2.1 allows users (with permission to create or modify ResourceGraphDefinition resources) to supply arbitrary container images. This can lead to a confused-deputy scenario where kro's controllers deploy and run attacker-controlled images, resulting in unauthenticated remote code execution on cluster nodes.
Attack profile
How easy it is to exploit
- Attack vector
- Network
- Complexity
- Low
- Privileges needed
- High
- User interaction
- None
What an attacker can affect
- Confidentiality
- None
- Integrity
- Low
- Availability
- None
Exploit likelihood
What each source reports
CVE List Score used
kro (Kube Resource Orchestrator) 0.1.0 before 0.2.1 allows users (with permission to create or modify ResourceGraphDefinition resources) to supply arbitrary container images. This can lead to a confused-deputy scenario where kro's controllers deploy and run attacker-controlled images, resulting in unauthenticated remote code execution on cluster nodes.
- Record
CVE-2025-48710- CVSS 3.1
- 4.1 Medium
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N - Weakness
- CWE-441
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2025-16843
kro (Kube Resource Orchestrator) 0.1.0 before 0.2.1 allows users (with permission to create or modify ResourceGraphDefinition resources) to supply arbitrary container images. This can lead to a confused-deputy scenario where kro's controllers deploy and run attacker-controlled images, resulting in unauthenticated remote code execution on cluster nodes.
- Record
EUVD-2025-16843- CVSS 3.1
- 4.1 Medium
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N - Updated
- 2026-11-02
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-7633-x85h-5mqh
kro Confused Deputy vulnerability
kro (Kube Resource Orchestrator) 0.1.0 before 0.2.1 allows users (with permission to create or modify ResourceGraphDefinition resources) to supply arbitrary container images. This can lead to a confused-deputy scenario where kro's controllers deploy and run attacker-controlled images, resulting in unauthenticated remote code execution on cluster nodes.
- Record
GHSA-7633-x85h-5mqh- CVSS 3.1
- 4.1 Medium
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N - Weakness
- CWE-441
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
NVD
kro (Kube Resource Orchestrator) 0.1.0 before 0.2.1 allows users (with permission to create or modify ResourceGraphDefinition resources) to supply arbitrary container images. This can lead to a confused-deputy scenario where kro's controllers deploy and run attacker-controlled images, resulting in unauthenticated remote code execution on cluster nodes.
- Record
CVE-2025-48710- CVSS 3.1
- 4.1 Medium
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N - Weakness
- CWE-441
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSV
kro (Kube Resource Orchestrator) 0.1.0 before 0.2.1 allows users (with permission to create or modify ResourceGraphDefinition resources) to supply arbitrary container images. This can lead to a confused-deputy scenario where kro's controllers deploy and run attacker-controlled images, resulting in unauthenticated remote code execution on cluster nodes.
- Record
CVE-2025-48710- CVSS 3.1
- 4.1 Medium
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N - Weakness
- CWE-441
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVGHSA-7633-x85h-5mqh
kro Confused Deputy vulnerability
kro (Kube Resource Orchestrator) 0.1.0 before 0.2.1 allows users (with permission to create or modify ResourceGraphDefinition resources) to supply arbitrary container images. This can lead to a confused-deputy scenario where kro's controllers deploy and run attacker-controlled images, resulting in unauthenticated remote code execution on cluster nodes.
- Record
GHSA-7633-x85h-5mqh- CVSS 3.1
- 4.1 Medium
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N - Weakness
- CWE-441
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVGO-2025-3741 No score
kro Confused Deputy vulnerability in github.com/kro-run/kro
kro Confused Deputy vulnerability in github.com/kro-run/kro
- Record
GO-2025-3741- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVopenSUSE-SU-2025:15225-1 No score
govulncheck-vulndb-0.0.20250612T141001-1.1 on GA media
These are all security issues fixed in the govulncheck-vulndb-0.0.20250612T141001-1.1 package on the GA media of openSUSE Tumbleweed.
- Record
openSUSE-SU-2025:15225-1- Updated
- 2026-11-02
Affected products
Affected packages
| Package | Affected | Fixed |
|---|---|---|
github.com/kro-run/kroGo |
0.1.0 up to 0.2.1 | 0.2.1 |
github.com/kro-run/kroGo |
before 0.2.1 | 0.2.1 |
govulncheck-vulndbopenSUSE:Tumbleweed From an advisory covering 29 CVEs |
before 0.0.20250612T141001-1.1 | 0.0.20250612T141001-1.1 |
History
| Recorded | Changed | Sources |
|---|---|---|
| affected, facts | ||
| first indexed | CVE List, EUVD, GitHub Advisories, NVD, OSV |
Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.
In short
CVE-2025-48710 is a medium vulnerability (CVSS 4.1) in Kro.run Kro, published June 4, 2025. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.40%, the 34th percentile. Fixed in github.com/kro-run/kro 0.2.1.
References
github.com/kro-run/kro/compare/v0.2.1...v0.2.2
orca.security/resources/blog/kubernetes-crd-abstraction-risks-kro
nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-48710
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suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2020-36846