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CVE-2025-5262

A double-free could have occurred in `vpx_codec_enc_init_multi` after a failed allocation when...

7.5 High

A double-free could have occurred in vpx_codec_enc_init_multi after a failed allocation when initializing the encoder for WebRTC. This could have caused memory corruption and a potentially exploitable crash. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird < 139 and Thunderbird < 128.11.

Attack profile

How easy it is to exploit

Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges needed
None
User interaction
None

What an attacker can affect

Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

Exploit likelihood

0.46%Up 0.4 points since Aug 20, 2025
90%50%10%1%

What each source reports

CVE List Score used 7.5

A double-free could have occurred in vpx_codec_enc_init_multi after a failed allocation when initializing the encoder for WebRTC. This could have caused memory corruption and a potentially exploitable crash. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird < 139 and Thunderbird < 128.11.

Record
CVE-2025-5262
CVSS 3.1
7.5 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Weakness
CWE-415
Updated
2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2025-25234 7.5

A double-free could have occurred in vpx_codec_enc_init_multi after a failed allocation when initializing the encoder for WebRTC. This could have caused memory corruption and a potentially exploitable crash. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird < 139 and Thunderbird < 128.11.

Record
EUVD-2025-25234
CVSS 3.1
7.5 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Updated
2026-11-02
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-v5j6-fjmw-w724 7.5

A double-free could have occurred in `vpx_codec_enc_init_multi` after a failed allocation when...

A double-free could have occurred in vpx_codec_enc_init_multi after a failed allocation when initializing the encoder for WebRTC. This could have caused memory corruption and a potentially exploitable crash. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 139, Firefox ESR < 115.24, and Firefox ESR < 128.11.

Record
GHSA-v5j6-fjmw-w724
CVSS 3.1
7.5 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Weakness
CWE-415
Updated
2026-11-02
NVD 7.5

A double-free could have occurred in vpx_codec_enc_init_multi after a failed allocation when initializing the encoder for WebRTC. This could have caused memory corruption and a potentially exploitable crash. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird < 139 and Thunderbird < 128.11.

Record
CVE-2025-5262
CVSS 3.1
7.5 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Weakness
CWE-415
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVUBUNTU-CVE-2025-5262 7.5

A double-free could have occurred in vpx_codec_enc_init_multi after a failed allocation when initializing the encoder for WebRTC. This could have caused memory corruption and a potentially exploitable crash. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird < 139 and Thunderbird < 128.11.

Record
UBUNTU-CVE-2025-5262
CVSS 3.1
7.5 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVCLSA-2026-1785560172 No score

thunderbird: Fix of 255 CVEs

  • rebase from Thunderbird 115.4.1 to 140.12.0 ESR

  • CVE-2022-3032: When receiving an HTML email that contained an iframe element, which used a srcdoc attribute to define the inner HTML document, remote objects specified in the nested document, for example images or videos, were not blocked

  • CVE-2023-0430: Certificate OCSP revocation status was not checked when verifying S/Mime signatures

  • CVE-2023-0547: OCSP revocation status of recipient certificates was not checked when sending S/Mime encrypted email, and revoked certificates would be accepted

  • CVE-2023-0616: If a MIME email combines OpenPGP and OpenPGP MIME data in a certain way Thunderbird repeatedly attempts to process and display the message, which could cause Thunderbird's user interface to lock up and no longer respond to the user's actions

  • CVE-2023-1945: Unexpected data returned from the Safe Browsing API could have led to memory corruption and a potentially exploitable crash

  • CVE-2023-4573: When receiving rendering data over IPC mStream could have been destroyed when initialized, which could have led to a use-after-free causing a potentially exploitable crash

  • CVE-2023-4574: When creating a callback over IPC for showing the Color Picker window, multiple of the same callbacks could have been created at a time and eventually all simultaneously destroyed as soon as one of the callbacks finished

  • CVE-2023-4575: When creating a callback over IPC for showing the File Picker window, multiple of the same callbacks could have been created at a time and eventually all simultaneously destroyed as soon as one of the callbacks finished

  • CVE-2023-4577: When UpdateRegExpStatics attempted to access initialStringHeap it could already have been garbage collected prior to entering the function, which could potentially have led to an exploitable crash

  • CVE-2023-4578: When calling JS::CheckRegExpSyntax a Syntax Error could have been set which would end in calling convertToRuntimeErrorAndClear. A path in the function could attempt to allocate memory when none is available which would have caused a newly created Out of Memory exception to be mishandled as a Syntax Error

  • CVE-2023-4580: Push notifications stored on disk in private browsing mode were not being encrypted potentially allowing the leak of sensitive information

  • CVE-2023-4581: Excel .xll add-in files did not have a blocklist entry in Firefox's executable blocklist which allowed them to be downloaded without any warning of their potential harm

  • CVE-2023-5169: A compromised content process could have provided malicious data in a PathRecording resulting in an out-of-bounds write, leading to a potentially exploitable crash in a privileged process

  • CVE-2023-5171: During Ion compilation, a Garbage Collection could have resulted in a use-after-free condition, allowing an attacker to write two NUL bytes, and cause a potentially exploitable crash

  • CVE-2023-5724: Drivers are not always robust to extremely large draw calls and in some cases this scenario could have led to a crash

  • CVE-2023-5725: A malicious installed WebExtension could open arbitrary URLs, which under the right circumstance could be leveraged to collect sensitive user data

  • CVE-2023-5732: An attacker could have created a malicious link using bidirectional characters to spoof the location in the address bar when visited

  • CVE-2023-6204: On some systems—depending on the graphics settings and drivers—it was possible to force an out-of-bounds read and leak memory data into the images created on the canvas element

  • CVE-2023-6205: It was possible to cause the use of a MessagePort after it had already been freed, which could potentially have led to an exploitable crash

  • CVE-2023-6206: The black fade animation when exiting fullscreen is roughly the length of the anti-clickjacking delay on permission prompts

  • CVE-2023-6207: Ownership…

Record
CLSA-2026-1785560172
Updated
2026-11-02
Show 4 moreShow less
OSVMGASA-2025-0197 No score

Updated thunderbird packages fix security vulnerabilities

CVE-2025-5262: A double-free could have occurred in vpx_codec_enc_init_multi after a failed allocation when initializing the encoder for WebRTC. This could have caused memory corruption and a potentially exploitable crash. CVE-2025-5263: Error handling for script execution was incorrectly isolated from web content, which could have allowed cross-origin leak attacks. CVE-2025-5264: Due to insufficient escaping of the newline character in the “Copy as cURL” feature, an attacker could trick a user into using this command, potentially leading to local code execution on the user's system. CVE-2025-5266: Script elements loading cross-origin resources generated load and error events which leaked information enabling XS-Leaks attacks. CVE-2025-5267: A clickjacking vulnerability could have been used to trick a user into leaking saved payment card details to a malicious page. CVE-2025-5268: Memory safety bugs present in Firefox 138, Thunderbird 138, Firefox ESR 128.10, and Thunderbird 128.10. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. CVE-2025-5269: Memory safety bug present in Firefox ESR 128.10, and Thunderbird 128.10. This bug showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort this could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. CVE-2025-5986: A crafted HTML email using mailbox:/// links can trigger automatic, unsolicited downloads of .pdf files to the user's desktop or home directory without prompting, even if auto-saving is disabled. This behavior can be abused to fill the disk with garbage data (e.g. using /dev/urandom on Linux) or to leak Windows credentials via SMB links when the email is viewed in HTML mode. While user interaction is required to download the .pdf file, visual obfuscation can conceal the download trigger. Viewing the email in HTML mode is enough to load external content. We can't ship this update to armv7hl architecture, we are investigating the issue and will try to update thunderbird for armv7hl as soon as posible.

Record
MGASA-2025-0197
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVopenSUSE-SU-2025:15170-1 No score

firefox-esr-128.11.0-1.1 on GA media

These are all security issues fixed in the firefox-esr-128.11.0-1.1 package on the GA media of openSUSE Tumbleweed.

Record
openSUSE-SU-2025:15170-1
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVopenSUSE-SU-2025:15174-1 No score

MozillaThunderbird-128.11.0-1.1 on GA media

These are all security issues fixed in the MozillaThunderbird-128.11.0-1.1 package on the GA media of openSUSE Tumbleweed.

Record
openSUSE-SU-2025:15174-1
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVSUSE-SU-2025:01946-1 No score

Security update for MozillaThunderbird

This update for MozillaThunderbird fixes the following issues:

Update to Mozilla Thunderbird 128.11 (MFSA 2025-46, bsc#1243353):

  • CVE-2025-5262: Double-free in libvpx encoder (bmo#1962421)
  • CVE-2025-5263: Error handling for script execution was incorrectly isolated from web content (bmo#1960745)
  • CVE-2025-5264: Potential local code execution in 'Copy as cURL' command (bmo#1950001)
  • CVE-2025-5265: Potential local code execution in 'Copy as cURL' command (bmo#1962301)
  • CVE-2025-5266: Script element events leaked cross-origin resource status (bmo#1965628)
  • CVE-2025-5267: Clickjacking vulnerability could have led to leaking saved payment card details (bmo#1954137)
  • CVE-2025-5268: Memory safety bugs fixed in Firefox 139, Thunderbird 139, Firefox ESR 128.11, and Thunderbird 128.11 (bmo#1950136, bmo#1958121, bmo#1960499, bmo#1962634)
  • CVE-2025-5269: Memory safety bug fixed in Firefox ESR 128.11 and Thunderbird 128.11 (bmo#1924108)
Record
SUSE-SU-2025:01946-1
Updated
2026-11-02

Affected products

Affected packages

Affected packages
PackageAffectedFixed
thunderbird
TuxCare:AlmaLinux:9.2
From an advisory covering 253 CVEs
before 140.12.0-1.el9_2.alma.1.tuxcare.els1
140.12.0-1.el9_2.alma.1.tuxcare.els1
thunderbird
Mageia:9
From an advisory covering 8 CVEs
before 128.11.1-1.1.mga9
128.11.1-1.1.mga9
thunderbird-l10n
Mageia:9
From an advisory covering 8 CVEs
before 128.11.1-1.mga9
128.11.1-1.mga9
MozillaThunderbird
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP6
From an advisory covering 8 CVEs
before 128.11.0-150200.8.221.1
128.11.0-150200.8.221.1
MozillaThunderbird
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP7
From an advisory covering 8 CVEs
before 128.11.0-150200.8.221.1
128.11.0-150200.8.221.1
MozillaThunderbird
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 15 SP6
From an advisory covering 8 CVEs
before 128.11.0-150200.8.221.1
128.11.0-150200.8.221.1
MozillaThunderbird
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 15 SP7
From an advisory covering 8 CVEs
before 128.11.0-150200.8.221.1
128.11.0-150200.8.221.1
MozillaThunderbird
openSUSE:Leap 15.6
From an advisory covering 8 CVEs
before 128.11.0-150200.8.221.1
128.11.0-150200.8.221.1
mozjs52
Ubuntu:18.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
52.3.1-0ubuntu352.3.1-7fakesync152.8.1-0ubuntu0.18.04.152.9.1-0ubuntu0.18.04.1
None known
mozjs68
Ubuntu:20.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
68.5.0-1~fakesync68.5.0-2~fakesync68.6.0-168.6.0-1ubuntu1
None known
Show 8 moreShow less
Affected packages
PackageAffectedFixed
mozjs52
Ubuntu:20.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
52.9.1-1build152.9.1-1ubuntu3
None known
mozjs102
Ubuntu:22.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
102.11.0-0ubuntu0.22.04.1102.12.0-0ubuntu0.22.04.1102.13.0-0ubuntu0.22.04.1102.15.1-0ubuntu0.22.04.1
None known
mozjs78
Ubuntu:22.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
78.13.0-178.15.0-278.15.0-4ubuntu1
None known
mozjs91
Ubuntu:22.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
91.5.1-0ubuntu191.6.0-191.6.0-291.7.0-291.10.0-0ubuntu1
None known
mozjs102
Ubuntu:24.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
102.15.1-1102.15.1-3ubuntu2
None known
mozjs115
Ubuntu:24.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
115.3.0-0ubuntu1115.4.0-2115.5.0-1115.6.0-1115.7.0-4
Show 4 moreShow less
115.8.0-1115.9.0-1115.9.0-1build1115.10.0-1
None known
firefox-esr
openSUSE:Tumbleweed
From an advisory covering 8 CVEs
before 128.11.0-1.1
128.11.0-1.1
MozillaThunderbird
openSUSE:Tumbleweed
From an advisory covering 8 CVEs
before 128.11.0-1.1
128.11.0-1.1

History

History
RecordedChangedSources
affected, facts
first indexedCVE List, EUVD, GitHub Advisories, NVD, OSV

Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.

In short

CVE-2025-5262 is a high vulnerability (CVSS 7.5) in Mozilla Thunderbird, published May 27, 2025. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.46%, the 40th percentile. No source names a fixed version.

References

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This page doesn't list everything

Left out here: 84 references and the rest of 1 source description. The JSON record has them.

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