CVE-2025-53548
@clerk/backend Performs Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Clerk helps developers build user management. Applications that use the verifyWebhook() helper to verify incoming Clerk webhooks are susceptible to accepting improperly signed webhook events. The issue was resolved in @clerk/backend 2.4.0.
Attack profile
How easy it is to exploit
- Attack vector
- Network
- Complexity
- Low
- Privileges needed
- None
- User interaction
- None
What an attacker can affect
- Confidentiality
- None
- Integrity
- High
- Availability
- None
Exploit likelihood
What each source reports
CVE List Score used
@clerk/backend Performs Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Clerk helps developers build user management. Applications that use the verifyWebhook() helper to verify incoming Clerk webhooks are susceptible to accepting improperly signed webhook events. The issue was resolved in @clerk/backend 2.4.0.
- Record
CVE-2025-53548- CVSS 3.1
- 7.5 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N - Weakness
- CWE-345
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2025-20865
Clerk helps developers build user management. Applications that use the verifyWebhook() helper to verify incoming Clerk webhooks are susceptible to accepting improperly signed webhook events. The issue was resolved in @clerk/backend 2.4.0.
- Record
EUVD-2025-20865- CVSS 3.1
- 7.5 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N - Updated
- 2026-11-02
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-9mp4-77wg-rwx9
@clerk/backend Performs Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Impact
Applications that use the verifyWebhook() helper to verify incoming Clerk webhooks are susceptible to accepting improperly signed webhook events.
Patches
@clerk/backend: the helper has been patched as of2.4.0@clerk/astro: the helper has been patched as of2.10.2@clerk/express: the helper has been patched as of1.7.4@clerk/fastify: the helper has been patched as of2.4.4@clerk/nextjs: the helper has been patched as of6.23.3@clerk/nuxt: the helper has been patched as of1.7.5@clerk/react-router: the helper has been patched as of1.6.4@clerk/remix: the helper has been patched as of4.8.5@clerk/tanstack-react-start: the helper has been patched as of0.18.3
Resolution
The issue was resolved in @clerk/backend 2.4.0 by:
- Properly parsing the webhook request's signatures and comparing them against the signature generated from the received event
Workarounds
If unable to upgrade, developers can workaround this issue by verifying webhooks manually, per this documentation.
- Record
GHSA-9mp4-77wg-rwx9- CVSS 3.1
- 7.5 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N - Weakness
- CWE-345
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
NVD
Clerk helps developers build user management. Applications that use the verifyWebhook() helper to verify incoming Clerk webhooks are susceptible to accepting improperly signed webhook events. The issue was resolved in @clerk/backend 2.4.0.
- Record
CVE-2025-53548- CVSS 3.1
- 7.5 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N - Weakness
- CWE-345
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSV
@clerk/backend Performs Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Clerk helps developers build user management. Applications that use the verifyWebhook() helper to verify incoming Clerk webhooks are susceptible to accepting improperly signed webhook events. The issue was resolved in @clerk/backend 2.4.0.
- Record
CVE-2025-53548- CVSS 3.1
- 7.5 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N - Weakness
- CWE-345
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVGHSA-9mp4-77wg-rwx9
@clerk/backend Performs Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Impact
Applications that use the verifyWebhook() helper to verify incoming Clerk webhooks are susceptible to accepting improperly signed webhook events.
Patches
@clerk/backend: the helper has been patched as of2.4.0@clerk/astro: the helper has been patched as of2.10.2@clerk/express: the helper has been patched as of1.7.4@clerk/fastify: the helper has been patched as of2.4.4@clerk/nextjs: the helper has been patched as of6.23.3@clerk/nuxt: the helper has been patched as of1.7.5@clerk/react-router: the helper has been patched as of1.6.4@clerk/remix: the helper has been patched as of4.8.5@clerk/tanstack-react-start: the helper has been patched as of0.18.3
Resolution
The issue was resolved in @clerk/backend 2.4.0 by:
- Properly parsing the webhook request's signatures and comparing them against the signature generated from the received event
Workarounds
If unable to upgrade, developers can workaround this issue by verifying webhooks manually, per this documentation.
- Record
GHSA-9mp4-77wg-rwx9- CVSS 3.1
- 7.5 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N - Weakness
- CWE-345
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
Affected products
Affected packages
| Package | Affected | Fixed |
|---|---|---|
@clerk/backendnpm |
2.0.0 up to 2.4.0 | 2.4.0 |
@clerk/astronpm |
2.9.0 up to 2.10.2 | 2.10.2 |
@clerk/expressnpm |
1.6.0 up to 1.7.4 | 1.7.4 |
@clerk/fastifynpm |
2.3.0 up to 2.4.4 | 2.4.4 |
@clerk/nextjsnpm |
6.2.10 up to 6.23.3 | 6.23.3 |
@clerk/nuxtnpm |
1.7.0 up to 1.7.5 | 1.7.5 |
@clerk/react-routernpm |
1.5.0 up to 1.6.4 | 1.6.4 |
@clerk/remixnpm |
4.8.0 up to 4.8.5 | 4.8.5 |
@clerk/tanstack-react-startnpm |
0.16.0 up to 0.18.3 | 0.18.3 |
History
| Recorded | Changed | Sources |
|---|---|---|
| first indexed | CVE List, EUVD, GitHub Advisories, NVD, OSV |
Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.
In short
CVE-2025-53548 is a high vulnerability (CVSS 7.5) in Clerk Javascript, published July 9, 2025. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.17%, the 6th percentile. Fixed in @clerk/backend 2.4.0.