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CVE-2025-66453

Rhino vulnerable high CPU usage and potential DoS when passing specific numbers to toFixed() function

5.5 MediumFix available

Rhino is an open-source implementation of JavaScript written entirely in Java. Prior to 1.8.1, 1.7.15.1, and 1.7.14.1, when an application passed an attacker controlled float poing number into the toFixed() function, it might lead to high CPU consumption and a potential Denial of Service. Small numbers go through this call stack: NativeNumber.numTo > DToA.JS_dtostr > DToA.JS_dtoa > DToA.pow5mult where pow5mult attempts to raise 5 to a ridiculous power. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.8.1, 1.7.15.1, and 1.7.14.1.

Attack profile

How easy it is to exploit

Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges needed
None
User interaction
None

What an attacker can affect

Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
Low

Exploit likelihood

0.29%Up 0.2 points since Dec 4, 2025
90%50%10%1%

What each source reports

CVE List Score used 5.5

Rhino vulnerable high CPU usage and potential DoS when passing specific numbers to toFixed() function

Rhino is an open-source implementation of JavaScript written entirely in Java. Prior to 1.8.1, 1.7.15.1, and 1.7.14.1, when an application passed an attacker controlled float poing number into the toFixed() function, it might lead to high CPU consumption and a potential Denial of Service. Small numbers go through this call stack: NativeNumber.numTo > DToA.JS_dtostr > DToA.JS_dtoa > DToA.pow5mult where pow5mult attempts to raise 5 to a ridiculous power. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.8.1, 1.7.15.1, and 1.7.14.1.

Record
CVE-2025-66453
CVSS 4.0
5.5 MediumCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
Weakness
CWE-400
Updated
2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2025-201013 5.5

Rhino is an open-source implementation of JavaScript written entirely in Java. Prior to 1.8.1, 1.7.15.1, and 1.7.14.1, when an application passed an attacker controlled float poing number into the toFixed() function, it might lead to high CPU consumption and a potential Denial of Service. Small numbers go through this call stack: NativeNumber.numTo > DToA.JS_dtostr > DToA.JS_dtoa > DToA.pow5mult where pow5mult attempts to raise 5 to a ridiculous power. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.8.1, 1.7.15.1, and 1.7.14.1.

Record
EUVD-2025-201013
CVSS 4.0
5.5 MediumCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
Updated
2026-11-02
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-3w8q-xq97-5j7x 2.7

Rhino has high CPU usage and potential DoS when passing specific numbers to `toFixed()` function

When an application passed an attacker controlled float poing number into the toFixed() function, it might lead to high CPU consumption and a potential Denial of Service.

Small numbers go through this call stack: NativeNumber.numTo > DToA.JS_dtostr > DToA.JS_dtoa > DToA.pow5mult where pow5mult attempts to raise 5 to a ridiculous power.

Example code: (4.47118444E-314).toFixed(2)

Record
GHSA-3w8q-xq97-5j7x
CVSS 4.0
2.7 LowCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U
Weakness
CWE-400
Updated
2026-11-02
NVD 5.5

Rhino is an open-source implementation of JavaScript written entirely in Java. Prior to 1.8.1, 1.7.15.1, and 1.7.14.1, when an application passed an attacker controlled float poing number into the toFixed() function, it might lead to high CPU consumption and a potential Denial of Service. Small numbers go through this call stack: NativeNumber.numTo > DToA.JS_dtostr > DToA.JS_dtoa > DToA.pow5mult where pow5mult attempts to raise 5 to a ridiculous power. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.8.1, 1.7.15.1, and 1.7.14.1.

Record
CVE-2025-66453
CVSS 4.0
5.5 MediumCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
CVSS 3.1
7.5 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Weakness
CWE-400
Updated
2026-11-02
OSV 5.5

Rhino vulnerable high CPU usage and potential DoS when passing specific numbers to toFixed() function

Rhino is an open-source implementation of JavaScript written entirely in Java. Prior to 1.8.1, 1.7.15.1, and 1.7.14.1, when an application passed an attacker controlled float poing number into the toFixed() function, it might lead to high CPU consumption and a potential Denial of Service. Small numbers go through this call stack: NativeNumber.numTo > DToA.JS_dtostr > DToA.JS_dtoa > DToA.pow5mult where pow5mult attempts to raise 5 to a ridiculous power. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.8.1, 1.7.15.1, and 1.7.14.1.

Record
CVE-2025-66453
CVSS 4.0
5.5 MediumCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
Weakness
CWE-400
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVDEBIAN-CVE-2025-66453 7.5

Rhino is an open-source implementation of JavaScript written entirely in Java. Prior to 1.8.1, 1.7.15.1, and 1.7.14.1, when an application passed an attacker controlled float poing number into the toFixed() function, it might lead to high CPU consumption and a potential Denial of Service. Small numbers go through this call stack: NativeNumber.numTo > DToA.JS_dtostr > DToA.JS_dtoa > DToA.pow5mult where pow5mult attempts to raise 5 to a ridiculous power. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.8.1, 1.7.15.1, and 1.7.14.1.

Record
DEBIAN-CVE-2025-66453
CVSS 3.1
7.5 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Updated
2026-11-02
Show 10 moreShow less
OSVGHSA-3w8q-xq97-5j7x 2.7

Rhino has high CPU usage and potential DoS when passing specific numbers to `toFixed()` function

When an application passed an attacker controlled float poing number into the toFixed() function, it might lead to high CPU consumption and a potential Denial of Service.

Small numbers go through this call stack: NativeNumber.numTo > DToA.JS_dtostr > DToA.JS_dtoa > DToA.pow5mult where pow5mult attempts to raise 5 to a ridiculous power.

Example code: (4.47118444E-314).toFixed(2)

Record
GHSA-3w8q-xq97-5j7x
CVSS 4.0
2.7 LowCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U
Weakness
CWE-400
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVUBUNTU-CVE-2025-66453 5.5

Rhino is an open-source implementation of JavaScript written entirely in Java. Prior to 1.8.1, 1.7.15.1, and 1.7.14.1, when an application passed an attacker controlled float poing number into the toFixed() function, it might lead to high CPU consumption and a potential Denial of Service. Small numbers go through this call stack: NativeNumber.numTo > DToA.JS_dtostr > DToA.JS_dtoa > DToA.pow5mult where pow5mult attempts to raise 5 to a ridiculous power. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.8.1, 1.7.15.1, and 1.7.14.1.

Record
UBUNTU-CVE-2025-66453
CVSS 4.0
5.5 MediumCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
CVSS 3.1
7.5 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVAZL-71221 No score

CVE-2025-66453 affecting package rhino for versions less than 1.7.15.1-1

Rhino is an open-source implementation of JavaScript written entirely in Java. Prior to 1.8.1, 1.7.15.1, and 1.7.14.1, when an application passed an attacker controlled float poing number into the toFixed() function, it might lead to high CPU consumption and a potential Denial of Service. Small numbers go through this call stack: NativeNumber.numTo > DToA.JS_dtostr > DToA.JS_dtoa > DToA.pow5mult where pow5mult attempts to raise 5 to a ridiculous power. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.8.1, 1.7.15.1, and 1.7.14.1.

Record
AZL-71221
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVAZL-71503 No score

CVE-2025-66453 affecting package rhino 1.7.7.1-2

Rhino is an open-source implementation of JavaScript written entirely in Java. Prior to 1.8.1, 1.7.15.1, and 1.7.14.1, when an application passed an attacker controlled float poing number into the toFixed() function, it might lead to high CPU consumption and a potential Denial of Service. Small numbers go through this call stack: NativeNumber.numTo > DToA.JS_dtostr > DToA.JS_dtoa > DToA.pow5mult where pow5mult attempts to raise 5 to a ridiculous power. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.8.1, 1.7.15.1, and 1.7.14.1.

Record
AZL-71503
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVCLSA-2026-1771459787 No score

TuxCare security update for org.mozilla:rhino (1 CVE)

TuxCare rebuilt org.mozilla:rhino to address 1 CVE. Fixed in 1.7.10-tuxcare.1.

Record
CLSA-2026-1771459787
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVCLSA-2026-1771546195 No score

TuxCare security update for org.mozilla:rhino (1 CVE)

TuxCare rebuilt org.mozilla:rhino to address 1 CVE. Fixed in 1.7.15-tuxcare.1.

Record
CLSA-2026-1771546195
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVopenSUSE-SU-2025:15798-1 No score

rhino-1.7.15.1-1.1 on GA media

These are all security issues fixed in the rhino-1.7.15.1-1.1 package on the GA media of openSUSE Tumbleweed.

Record
openSUSE-SU-2025:15798-1
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVopenSUSE-SU-2026:20297-1 No score

Security update for rhino

This update for rhino fixes the following issues:

Update to 1.7.15.1:

  • CVE-2025-66453: Fixed a problem with formatting of floating-point numbers to strings that may result in DoS (bsc#1254481).
Record
openSUSE-SU-2026:20297-1
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVSUSE-SU-2025:4390-1 No score

Security update for rhino

This update for rhino fixes the following issues:

Update to version 1.7.15.1.

Security issues fixed:

  • CVE-2025-66453: high CPU consumption when processing specific numbers via the toFixed() function (bsc#1254481).

Other changes and issues fixed:

  • Version 1.7.15:
    • Basic support for 'rest parameters'.
    • Improvements in Unicode support.
    • 'Symbol.species' implemented in many places.
    • More correct property ordering in many places.
    • Miscellaneous improvements and bug fixes.
Record
SUSE-SU-2025:4390-1
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVSUSE-SU-2026:20603-1 No score

Security update for rhino

This update for rhino fixes the following issues:

Update to 1.7.15.1:

  • CVE-2025-66453: Fixed a problem with formatting of floating-point numbers to strings that may result in DoS (bsc#1254481).
Record
SUSE-SU-2026:20603-1
Updated
2026-11-02

Affected products

Affected packages

Affected packages
PackageAffectedFixed
org.mozilla:rhino
Maven
 before 1.7.14.1
1.7.14.1
org.mozilla:rhino
Maven
 1.7.15 up to 1.7.15.1
1.7.15.1
org.mozilla:rhino
Maven
 1.8.0 to 1.8.0
1.8.1
rhino
Azure Linux:3
 before 1.7.15.1-1
1.7.15.1-1
rhino
Azure Linux:2
 through 1.7.7.1-2 None known
org.mozilla:rhino
TuxCare:Maven
 1.7.10 up to 1.7.10-tuxcare.1
1.7.10-tuxcare.1
org.mozilla:rhino
TuxCare:Maven
 1.7.15 up to 1.7.15-tuxcare.1
1.7.15-tuxcare.1
rhino
Debian:12
 before 1.7.14.1-0+deb12u1, plus listed versions
1.7.14-2.1
1.7.14.1-0+deb12u1
rhino
Debian:13
 before 1.7.15.1-0.1~deb13u1, plus listed versions
1.7.15-1
1.7.15.1-0.1~deb13u1
rhino
Debian:14
 before 1.7.15.1-0.1, plus listed versions
1.7.15-11.7.15.1-0.1~deb13u1
1.7.15.1-0.1
Show 17 moreShow less
Affected packages
PackageAffectedFixed
org.mozilla:rhino
Maven
 before 1.7.14.1, plus listed versions
1.7.101.7.111.7.11-RC11.7.11-RC21.7.12
Show 13 moreShow less
1.7.131.7.141.7.14-RC11.7.61.7.71.7.7.11.7.7.21.7.81.7.8-RC11.7.91.7R31.7R41.7R5
1.7.14.1
org.mozilla:rhino
Maven
 1.8.0 up to 1.8.1
1.8.1
rhino
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6
 before 1.7.15.1-150200.12.7.1
1.7.15.1-150200.12.7.1
rhino
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7
 before 1.7.15.1-150200.12.7.1
1.7.15.1-150200.12.7.1
rhino
openSUSE:Leap 15.6
 before 1.7.15.1-150200.12.7.1
1.7.15.1-150200.12.7.1
rhino
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 16.0
 before 1.7.15.1-160000.1.1
1.7.15.1-160000.1.1
rhino
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.0
 before 1.7.15.1-160000.1.1
1.7.15.1-160000.1.1
rhino
Ubuntu:16.04:LTS
 All versions, plus listed versions
1.7R4-3
 None known
rhino
Ubuntu:18.04:LTS
 All versions, plus listed versions
1.7.7.1-1
 None known
rhino
Ubuntu:20.04:LTS
 All versions, plus listed versions
1.7.7.1-1
 None known
rhino
Ubuntu:22.04:LTS
 All versions, plus listed versions
1.7.7.2-3
 None known
rhino
Ubuntu:24.04:LTS
 All versions, plus listed versions
1.7.14-2.1
 None known
rhino
Ubuntu:25.10
 All versions, plus listed versions
1.7.15-1
 None known
rhino
Ubuntu:26.10
 All versions, plus listed versions
1.7.15-1build11.7.15.1-0.1
 None known
rhino
Ubuntu:26.04:LTS
 All versions, plus listed versions
1.7.15-11.7.15-1build1
 None known
rhino
openSUSE:Tumbleweed
 before 1.7.15.1-1.1
1.7.15.1-1.1
rhino
openSUSE:Leap 16.0
 before 1.7.15.1-160000.1.1
1.7.15.1-160000.1.1

History

History
RecordedChangedSources
first indexedCVE List, EUVD, GitHub Advisories, NVD, OSV

Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.

In short

CVE-2025-66453 is a medium vulnerability (CVSS 5.5) in Mozilla Rhino, published December 3, 2025. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.29%, the 21st percentile. Fixed in org.mozilla:rhino 1.7.14.1.

References

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