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CVE-2025-7365

Keycloak: phishing attack via email verification step in first login flow

7.1 HighFix available

A flaw was found in Keycloak. When an authenticated attacker attempts to merge accounts with another existing account during an identity provider (IdP) login, the attacker will subsequently be prompted to "review profile" information. This vulnerability allows the attacker to modify their email address to match that of a victim's account, triggering a verification email sent to the victim's email address. The attacker's email address is not present in the verification email content, making it a potential phishing opportunity. If the victim clicks the verification link, the attacker can gain access to the victim's account.

Attack profile

How easy it is to exploit

Attack vector
Network
Complexity
High
Privileges needed
Low
User interaction
Required

What an attacker can affect

Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Exploit likelihood

0.27%Up 0.3 points since Jul 11, 2025
90%50%10%1%

What each source reports

CVE List Score used 7.1

Keycloak: phishing attack via email verification step in first login flow

A flaw was found in Keycloak. When an authenticated attacker attempts to merge accounts with another existing account during an identity provider (IdP) login, the attacker will subsequently be prompted to "review profile" information. This vulnerability allows the attacker to modify their email address to match that of a victim's account, triggering a verification email sent to the victim's email address. The attacker's email address is not present in the verification email content, making it a potential phishing opportunity. If the victim clicks the verification link, the attacker can gain access to the victim's account.

Record
CVE-2025-7365
CVSS 3.1
7.1 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness
CWE-346
Updated
2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2025-20994 7.1

A flaw was found in Keycloak. When an authenticated attacker attempts to merge accounts with another existing account during an identity provider (IdP) login, the attacker will subsequently be prompted to "review profile" information. This vulnerability allows the attacker to modify their email address to match that of a victim's account, triggering a verification email sent to the victim's email address. The attacker's email address is not present in the verification email content, making it a potential phishing opportunity. If the victim clicks the verification link, the attacker can gain access to the victim's account.

Record
EUVD-2025-20994
CVSS 3.1
7.1 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Updated
2026-11-02
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-xhpr-465j-7p9q 5.4

Keycloak phishing attack via email verification step in first login flow

There is a flaw with the first login flow where, during a IdP login, an attacker with a registered account can initiate the process to merge accounts with an existing victim's account. The attacker will subsequently be prompted to "review profile" information, which allows the the attacker to modify their email address to that of a victim's account. This triggers a verification email sent to the victim's email address. If the victim clicks the verification link, the attacker can gain access to the victim's account. While not a zero-interaction attack, the attacker's email address is not directly present in the verification email content, making it a potential phishing opportunity.

This issue has been fixed in versions 26.0.13, 26.2.6, and 26.3.0.

Record
GHSA-xhpr-465j-7p9q
CVSS 3.1
5.4 MediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N
Weakness
CWE-346
Updated
2026-11-02
NVD 7.1

A flaw was found in Keycloak. When an authenticated attacker attempts to merge accounts with another existing account during an identity provider (IdP) login, the attacker will subsequently be prompted to "review profile" information. This vulnerability allows the attacker to modify their email address to match that of a victim's account, triggering a verification email sent to the victim's email address. The attacker's email address is not present in the verification email content, making it a potential phishing opportunity. If the victim clicks the verification link, the attacker can gain access to the victim's account.

Record
CVE-2025-7365
CVSS 3.1
7.1 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness
CWE-346
Updated
2026-11-02
OSV 7.1

Keycloak: phishing attack via email verification step in first login flow

A flaw was found in Keycloak. When an authenticated attacker attempts to merge accounts with another existing account during an identity provider (IdP) login, the attacker will subsequently be prompted to "review profile" information. This vulnerability allows the attacker to modify their email address to match that of a victim's account, triggering a verification email sent to the victim's email address. The attacker's email address is not present in the verification email content, making it a potential phishing opportunity. If the victim clicks the verification link, the attacker can gain access to the victim's account.

Record
CVE-2025-7365
CVSS 3.1
7.1 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness
CWE-346
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVGHSA-xhpr-465j-7p9q 5.4

Keycloak phishing attack via email verification step in first login flow

There is a flaw with the first login flow where, during a IdP login, an attacker with a registered account can initiate the process to merge accounts with an existing victim's account. The attacker will subsequently be prompted to "review profile" information, which allows the the attacker to modify their email address to that of a victim's account. This triggers a verification email sent to the victim's email address. If the victim clicks the verification link, the attacker can gain access to the victim's account. While not a zero-interaction attack, the attacker's email address is not directly present in the verification email content, making it a potential phishing opportunity.

This issue has been fixed in versions 26.0.13, 26.2.6, and 26.3.0.

Record
GHSA-xhpr-465j-7p9q
CVSS 3.1
5.4 MediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N
Weakness
CWE-346
Updated
2026-11-02

Affected products

Affected packages

Affected packages
PackageAffectedFixed
org.keycloak:keycloak-services
Maven
before 26.0.13
26.0.13
org.keycloak:keycloak-services
Maven
26.2.0 up to 26.2.6
26.2.6
org.keycloak:keycloak-services
Maven
before 26.0.13, plus listed versions
1.0-alpha-11.0-alpha-1-120620131.0-alpha-21.0-alpha-31.0-alpha-4
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1.0-beta-11.0-beta-1-201505211.0-beta-1-201505231.0-beta-21.0-beta-31.0-beta-41.0-final1.0-rc-11.0-rc-21.0.1.Final1.0.2.Final1.0.3.Final1.0.4.Final1.0.5.Final1.1.0.Beta11.1.0.Beta21.1.0.Final1.1.1.Final1.2.0.Beta11.2.0.CR11.2.0.Final1.3.0.Final1.3.1.Final1.4.0.Final1.5.0-Final1.5.0.Final1.5.1.Final1.6.0.Final1.6.1.Final1.7.0.CR11.7.0.Final1.8.0.Alpha11.8.0.CR11.8.0.CR21.8.0.CR31.8.0.Final1.8.1.Final1.9.0.CR11.9.0.Final1.9.1.Final1.9.2.Final1.9.3.Final1.9.4.Final1.9.5.Final1.9.7.Final
26.0.13
org.keycloak:keycloak-services
Maven
26.2.0 up to 26.2.6, plus listed versions
26.2.126.2.226.2.326.2.426.2.5
26.2.6

History

History
RecordedChangedSources
first indexedCVE List, EUVD, GitHub Advisories, NVD, OSV

Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.

In short

CVE-2025-7365 is a high vulnerability (CVSS 7.1) in Redhat Keycloak, published July 10, 2025. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.27%, the 19th percentile. Fixed in org.keycloak:keycloak-services 26.0.13.

References

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