CVE-2026-102828

simple-git, an interface for running git commands in any node.js application, enables applications to execute Git operations from JavaScript. From 3.15.0 until 4.0.1, the default blockUnsafeOperationsPlugin does not classify trailer.<token>.cmd as unsafe configuration. An application that passes attacker-controlled values through SimpleGitOptions.config or inline -c arguments can therefore allow Git to invoke an attacker-selected shell command when git interpret-trailers processes the configured trailer. The command executes with the operating-system identity and permissions of the Node.js process. This issue is fixed in 4.0.1.

simple-git, an interface for running git commands in any node.js application, enables applications to execute Git operations from JavaScript. From 3.15.0 until 4.0.1, the default blockUnsafeOperationsPlugin does not classify trailer.<token>.cmd as unsafe configuration. An application that passes attacker-controlled values through SimpleGitOptions.config or inline -c arguments can therefore allow Git to invoke an attacker-selected shell command when git interpret-trailers processes the configured trailer. The command executes with the operating-system identity and permissions of the Node.js process. This issue is fixed in 4.0.1.

Affected product

The default blockUnsafeOperationsPlugin in simple-git when an application permits untrusted values to reach SimpleGitOptions.config or Git inline configuration arguments such as -c <key>=<value>.

Summary

trailer.<token>.cmd is not recognized as unsafe by the default guard. Therefore, a configured inline value reaches Git without a GitPluginError.

Git documents trailer.<token>.cmd as a shell command invoked by git interpret-trailers. An application that relies on the default plugin to reject unsafe configuration can therefore execute a command supplied through an untrusted trailer-command configuration value.

Technical details

simple-git/src/lib/git-factory.ts installs commandConfigPrefixingPlugin before blockUnsafeOperationsPlugin. The prefixing plugin in simple-git/src/lib/plugins/command-config-prefixing-plugin.ts turns every SimpleGitOptions.config entry into -c <key>=<value> before the unsafe-operation plugin evaluates the final argv.

In [email protected], blockUnsafeOperationsPlugin delegates to @simple-git/argv-parser. packages/argv-parser/src/vulnerabilities/detect-vulnerable-config-writes.ts compares parsed configuration writes against preventUnsafeConfig. That list has no matcher for trailer.<token>.cmd, so the invocation is allowed.

Git v2.39.5's Documentation/git-interpret-trailers.txt states that trailer.<token>.cmd specifies a shell command called to generate or modify a trailer.

Preconditions

The application must use an affected simple-git version with the default unsafe-operation plugin active and must pass attacker-controlled data into instance configuration or Git command arguments that configure trailer.<token>.cmd.

The invoked Git binary must support the documented trailer-command behavior, and the application must execute git interpret-trailers with the attacker-controlled configuration in scope. The command runs with the operating-system identity and permissions of the Node.js process.

Verification

Use an isolated test environment and a harmless executable test helper that records only its invocation.

Control: Configure core.editor=<test-helper> through SimpleGitOptions.config and invoke a benign Git task. The default plugin should throw GitPluginError before spawning Git because core.editor is present in preventUnsafeConfig.

Bypass: Configure trailer.audit.cmd=<test-helper> through the same option and invoke Git with the equivalent argv shape:

git -c trailer.audit.cmd=<test-helper> interpret-trailers --trailer audit:<value> <input-file>

A vulnerable build does not raise GitPluginError; Git invokes the test helper while processing the trailer. Confirm the helper invocation, then remove test artifacts.

Impact

An attacker who controls the stated configuration input can cause Git to execute a shell command as the Node.js application process. The impact is bounded by that process's filesystem, network, and service permissions. Applications that do not expose untrusted configuration or command arguments to simple-git are outside this threat model.

Affected versions

Commit 6b3c631eadea81f80ed10f6dec7d19a9db4d7084 introduced the default unsafe-operation plugin, and [email protected] is the first release confirmed to contain it. Its implementation only rejected protocol.allow configuration, leaving trailer-command configuration unblocked.

The latest simple-git release, 3.36.0, still lacks a trailer-command matcher. The current main branch also lacks one. No released remediation was identified.

Remediation

Default-deny configuration keys that can trigger executable behavior, or add a dedicated unsafe category that rejects trailer.<token>.cmd before spawning Git unless the application explicitly opts in.

Evaluate trailer.<token>.command alongside .cmd, because Git documents it as related command behavior. Add parser and integration tests for leading -c,…

simple-git, an interface for running git commands in any node.js application, enables applications to execute Git operations from JavaScript. From 3.15.0 until 4.0.1, the default blockUnsafeOperationsPlugin does not classify trailer.<token>.cmd as unsafe configuration. An application that passes attacker-controlled values through SimpleGitOptions.config or inline -c arguments can therefore allow Git to invoke an attacker-selected shell command when git interpret-trailers processes the configured trailer. The command executes with the operating-system identity and permissions of the Node.js process. This issue is fixed in 4.0.1.

simple-git, an interface for running git commands in any node.js application, enables applications to execute Git operations from JavaScript. From 3.15.0 until 4.0.1, the default blockUnsafeOperationsPlugin does not classify trailer.<token>.cmd as unsafe configuration. An application that passes attacker-controlled values through SimpleGitOptions.config or inline -c arguments can therefore allow Git to invoke an attacker-selected shell command when git interpret-trailers processes the configured trailer. The command executes with the operating-system identity and permissions of the Node.js process. This issue is fixed in 4.0.1.

Affected product

The default blockUnsafeOperationsPlugin in simple-git when an application permits untrusted values to reach SimpleGitOptions.config or Git inline configuration arguments such as -c <key>=<value>.

Summary

trailer.<token>.cmd is not recognized as unsafe by the default guard. Therefore, a configured inline value reaches Git without a GitPluginError.

Git documents trailer.<token>.cmd as a shell command invoked by git interpret-trailers. An application that relies on the default plugin to reject unsafe configuration can therefore execute a command supplied through an untrusted trailer-command configuration value.

Technical details

simple-git/src/lib/git-factory.ts installs commandConfigPrefixingPlugin before blockUnsafeOperationsPlugin. The prefixing plugin in simple-git/src/lib/plugins/command-config-prefixing-plugin.ts turns every SimpleGitOptions.config entry into -c <key>=<value> before the unsafe-operation plugin evaluates the final argv.

In [email protected], blockUnsafeOperationsPlugin delegates to @simple-git/argv-parser. packages/argv-parser/src/vulnerabilities/detect-vulnerable-config-writes.ts compares parsed configuration writes against preventUnsafeConfig. That list has no matcher for trailer.<token>.cmd, so the invocation is allowed.

Git v2.39.5's Documentation/git-interpret-trailers.txt states that trailer.<token>.cmd specifies a shell command called to generate or modify a trailer.

Preconditions

The application must use an affected simple-git version with the default unsafe-operation plugin active and must pass attacker-controlled data into instance configuration or Git command arguments that configure trailer.<token>.cmd.

The invoked Git binary must support the documented trailer-command behavior, and the application must execute git interpret-trailers with the attacker-controlled configuration in scope. The command runs with the operating-system identity and permissions of the Node.js process.

Verification

Use an isolated test environment and a harmless executable test helper that records only its invocation.

Control: Configure core.editor=<test-helper> through SimpleGitOptions.config and invoke a benign Git task. The default plugin should throw GitPluginError before spawning Git because core.editor is present in preventUnsafeConfig.

Bypass: Configure trailer.audit.cmd=<test-helper> through the same option and invoke Git with the equivalent argv shape:

git -c trailer.audit.cmd=<test-helper> interpret-trailers --trailer audit:<value> <input-file>

A vulnerable build does not raise GitPluginError; Git invokes the test helper while processing the trailer. Confirm the helper invocation, then remove test artifacts.

Impact

An attacker who controls the stated configuration input can cause Git to execute a shell command as the Node.js application process. The impact is bounded by that process's filesystem, network, and service permissions. Applications that do not expose untrusted configuration or command arguments to simple-git are outside this threat model.

Affected versions

Commit 6b3c631eadea81f80ed10f6dec7d19a9db4d7084 introduced the default unsafe-operation plugin, and [email protected] is the first release confirmed to contain it. Its implementation only rejected protocol.allow configuration, leaving trailer-command configuration unblocked.

The latest simple-git release, 3.36.0, still lacks a trailer-command matcher. The current main branch also lacks one. No released remediation was identified.

Remediation

Default-deny configuration keys that can trigger executable behavior, or add a dedicated unsafe category that rejects trailer.<token>.cmd before spawning Git unless the application explicitly opts in.

Evaluate trailer.<token>.command alongside .cmd, because Git documents it as related command behavior. Add parser and integration tests for leading -c,…

TuxCare rebuilt simple-git to address 2 CVEs. Fixed in 3.36.0-tuxcare.1.

TuxCare rebuilt @simple-git/argv-parser to address 3 CVEs. Fixed in 1.1.1-tuxcare.2.