CVE-2026-112892

Summary

The MSP RLE decoder expands run-length data into an in-memory buffer with no cap tied to the declared image size. A small file that passes the pixel-count check can force hundreds of megabytes or more of allocation when the application loads pixels.

Details

The MSP decoder writes each run into an unbounded io.BytesIO and can expand roughly 85x per run:

• src/PIL/MspImagePlugin.py:144-146

Impact

Memory-exhaustion denial of service from a tiny crafted image in any application that loads pixels. The expansion is decoupled from the declared pixel count, so MAX_IMAGE_PIXELS does not bound it.

Python is an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language, which includes modules, classes, exceptions, very high level dynamic data types and dynamic typing. Python supports interfaces to many system calls and libraries, as well as to various windowing systems.

Security Fix(es):

• pillow: Pillow: Denial of Service via unbounded recursion in PDF parser (CVE-2026-112391)

• pillow: pillow: Denial of service via double free during image transformation (CVE-2026-112402)

• pillow: pillow: Denial of Service via zero-size images in rank filters (CVE-2026-112392)

• pillow: pillow: Denial of Service via out-of-bounds memory access on zero-width images (CVE-2026-112397)

• pillow: Pillow: Denial of Service via null pointer dereference in Image.merge() (CVE-2026-112405)

• pillow: pillow: Denial of Service via crafted multi-frame image conversion (CVE-2026-112894)

• pillow: pillow: Denial of service via crafted PDF during append operations (CVE-2026-112895)

• pillow: pillow: Denial of Service via infinite loop during PDF page rewriting (CVE-2026-112406)

• pillow: pillow: Denial of Service via duplicate page references in PDF files (CVE-2026-96640)

• pillow: pillow: Denial of Service via unbounded memory expansion in MSP image decoder (CVE-2026-112892)

For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.

Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 4.1.0 until 13.0.0, Pillow's MSP RLE decoder can expand a small file into an unbounded in-memory buffer. The decoder writes run-length output to BytesIO without limiting expansion to the declared image size. An attacker can supply a crafted MSP image to an application that loads its pixels. This can exhaust memory and deny service even when the declared pixel count passes the decompression-bomb check. This issue is fixed in version 13.0.0.

Python is an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language, which includes modules, classes, exceptions, very high level dynamic data types and dynamic typing. Python supports interfaces to many system calls and libraries, as well as to various windowing systems.

Security Fix(es):

• pillow: Pillow: Denial of Service via unbounded recursion in PDF parser (CVE-2026-112391)
• pillow: pillow: Denial of service via double free during image transformation (CVE-2026-112402)
• pillow: pillow: Denial of Service via zero-size images in rank filters (CVE-2026-112392)
• pillow: pillow: Denial of Service via out-of-bounds memory access on zero-width images (CVE-2026-112397)
• pillow: Pillow: Denial of Service via null pointer dereference in Image.merge() (CVE-2026-112405)
• pillow: pillow: Denial of Service via crafted multi-frame image conversion (CVE-2026-112894)
• pillow: pillow: Denial of service via crafted PDF during append operations (CVE-2026-112895)
• pillow: pillow: Denial of Service via infinite loop during PDF page rewriting (CVE-2026-112406)
• pillow: pillow: Denial of Service via duplicate page references in PDF files (CVE-2026-96640)
• pillow: pillow: Denial of Service via unbounded memory expansion in MSP image decoder (CVE-2026-112892)

For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.

Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 4.1.0 until 13.0.0, Pillow's MSP RLE decoder can expand a small file into an unbounded in-memory buffer. The decoder writes run-length output to BytesIO without limiting expansion to the declared image size. An attacker can supply a crafted MSP image to an application that loads its pixels. This can exhaust memory and deny service even when the declared pixel count passes the decompression-bomb check. This issue is fixed in version 13.0.0.

TuxCare rebuilt pillow to address 10 CVEs. Fixed in 11.3.0.post8+tuxcare.

TuxCare rebuilt pillow to address 10 CVEs. Fixed in 11.2.1.post10+tuxcare.

TuxCare rebuilt pillow to address 10 CVEs. Fixed in 10.4.0.post12+tuxcare.

TuxCare rebuilt pillow to address 9 CVEs. Fixed in 9.5.0.post10+tuxcare.

TuxCare rebuilt pillow to address 9 CVEs. Fixed in 9.4.0.post11+tuxcare.

TuxCare rebuilt pillow to address 9 CVEs. Fixed in 8.4.0.post11+tuxcare.

These are all security issues fixed in the python313-Pillow-13.0.0-1.1 package on the GA media of openSUSE Tumbleweed.

Root has patched CVE-2026-112892 in the pillow package for Root:PyPI. Multiple fixed versions available.

This update for python-Pillow fixes the following issues:

• CVE-2026-96636: decompression-bomb protection bypass via multi-frame seek() in MPO and DCX (bsc#1286802).
• CVE-2026-96637: decompression bomb check bypass in SpiderImagePlugin.seek() leads to unbounded allocation DoS (bsc#1286801).
• CVE-2026-96640: PDF append accepts malformed shared page-tree DAG, which can cause resource exhaustion (bsc#1286798).
• CVE-2026-96641: reachable undefined behavior in native integer operations can lead to denial of service or logic integrity compromise (bsc#1286797).
• CVE-2026-96642: TarIO negative size field causes infinite CPU-spin loop (bsc#1286796).
• CVE-2026-112390: Denial of Service via infinite loop during crafted MIC image parsing (bsc#1286256).
• CVE-2026-112391: Denial of Service via unbounded recursion in PDF parser (bsc#1286273).
• CVE-2026-112392: Denial of Service via zero-size images in rank filters (bsc#1286287).
• CVE-2026-112393: heap buffer overflow and stale-heap disclosure in _tiffWriteProc when saving compressed TIFF data (bsc#1286325).
• CVE-2026-112394: P;2L and P;4L decoders may read 1 to 3 bytes past the passed buffer size (bsc#1286311).
• CVE-2026-112397: out-of-bounds access in _imagingmorph on a zero-width image (bsc#1286314).
• CVE-2026-112398: heap buffer overflow in FPX JPEG decoding can lead to code execution (bsc#1286406).
• CVE-2026-112399: Denial of service via crafted APNG image (bsc#1286368).
• CVE-2026-112400: Denial of Service via memory exhaustion from crafted GIF image (bsc#1286370).
• CVE-2026-112401: Denial of Service via crafted GIF comments (bsc#1286372).
• CVE-2026-112402: Denial of service via double free during image transformation (bsc#1286381).
• CVE-2026-112403: heap buffer overflow in ImagingJpegDecode allows for code execution (bsc#1286405).
• CVE-2026-112405: NULL pointer dereference in Image.merge via an unvalidated band 0 (bsc#1286404).
• CVE-2026-112406: infinite loop in PdfParser.rewrite_pages on page tree Parent cycle (bsc#1286403).
• CVE-2026-112891: quadratic GIF comment copying during save (bsc#1286402).
• CVE-2026-112892: MSP RLE decoder expands a tiny file into unbounded memory (bsc#1286401).
• CVE-2026-112894: Denial of Service via crafted multi-frame image conversion (bsc#1286408).
• CVE-2026-112895: Denial of service via crafted PDF during append operations (bsc#1286411).
• CVE-2026-112896: TIFF encoder ColorMap plane-size mismatch causes a heap out-of-bounds read (bsc#1286400).
• CVE-2026-112897: TiffDecode returns uninitialized memory as pixels for short JPEG strips (bsc#1286398).
• CVE-2026-112899: EPS load(scale) lets Ghostscript render past the decompression bomb limit (bsc#1286489).
• CVE-2026-112900: argument Injection in Ghostscript call can lead to remote code execution (bsc#1286397).
• CVE-2026-112901: ReDoS in XbmImagePlugin can be triggered by 512-byte file (bsc#1286396).
• CVE-2026-112902: memory disclosure and segfault in libtiff encoder via crafted TIFF tags (bsc#1286804).