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CVE-2026-46643

Snappy: Binary path is never shell-escaped due to an inverted is_executable check

7.5 HighFix available

Snappy is a PHP library allowing thumbnail, snapshot or PDF generation from a url or a html page. Prior to version 1.7.1, on POSIX, escapeshellarg(‘/usr/bin/wkhtmltopdf’) returns the literal string ‘/usr/bin/wkhtmltopdf’ with the single-quote characters included. is_executable() then looks for a file whose actual name contains those quote characters, which essentially never exists. The safe branch is dead code and $command always falls through to the raw, unescaped value. The rest of the arguments (options, input, output) are escaped correctly, so injection has to land in the binary string itself. That happens whenever the binary path is sourced from configuration that is user-influenced, derived from environment variables that ultimately come from request data, or concatenated with any user-controlled fragment. This issue has been patched in version 1.7.1.

Attack profile

How easy it is to exploit

Attack vector
Local
Complexity
Low
Privileges needed
None
User interaction
None

What an attacker can affect

Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Exploit likelihood

0.20%Up 0.2 points since Jun 11, 2026
90%50%10%1%

What each source reports

CVE List Score used 7.5

Snappy: Binary path is never shell-escaped due to an inverted is_executable check

Snappy is a PHP library allowing thumbnail, snapshot or PDF generation from a url or a html page. Prior to version 1.7.1, on POSIX, escapeshellarg(‘/usr/bin/wkhtmltopdf’) returns the literal string ‘/usr/bin/wkhtmltopdf’ with the single-quote characters included. is_executable() then looks for a file whose actual name contains those quote characters, which essentially never exists. The safe branch is dead code and $command always falls through to the raw, unescaped value. The rest of the arguments (options, input, output) are escaped correctly, so injection has to land in the binary string itself. That happens whenever the binary path is sourced from configuration that is user-influenced, derived from environment variables that ultimately come from request data, or concatenated with any user-controlled fragment. This issue has been patched in version 1.7.1.

Record
CVE-2026-46643
CVSS 4.0
7.5 HighCVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Weakness
CWE-78
Updated
2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2026-36111 7.5

Snappy is a PHP library allowing thumbnail, snapshot or PDF generation from a url or a html page. Prior to version 1.7.1, on POSIX, escapeshellarg(‘/usr/bin/wkhtmltopdf’) returns the literal string ‘/usr/bin/wkhtmltopdf’ with the single-quote characters included. is_executable() then looks for a file whose actual name contains those quote characters, which essentially never exists. The safe branch is dead code and $command always falls through to the raw, unescaped value. The rest of the arguments (options, input, output) are escaped correctly, so injection has to land in the binary string itself. That happens whenever the binary path is sourced from configuration that is user-influenced, derived from environment variables that ultimately come from request data, or concatenated with any user-controlled fragment. This issue has been patched in version 1.7.1.

Record
EUVD-2026-36111
CVSS 4.0
7.5 HighCVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Updated
2026-11-02
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-vpr4-p6fq-85jc 7.5

Snappy: Binary path is never shell-escaped due to an inverted is_executable check

Impact

On POSIX, escapeshellarg(‘/usr/bin/wkhtmltopdf’) returns the literal string ‘/usr/bin/wkhtmltopdf’ with the single-quote characters included. is_executable() then looks for a file whose actual name contains those quote characters, which essentially never exists. The safe branch is dead code and $command always falls through to the raw, unescaped value.

The rest of the arguments (options, input, output) are escaped correctly, so injection has to land in the binary string itself. That happens whenever the binary path is sourced from configuration that is user-influenced, derived from environment variables that ultimately come from request data, or concatenated with any user-controlled fragment.

Proof of concept:

 $pdf = new Knp\Snappy\Pdf(‘wkhtmltopdf; touch /tmp/snappy_rce’);
 $pdf->generate(‘https://example.com’, ‘/tmp/out.pdf’);
 // /tmp/snappy_rce is created.

Impact: command execution as the PHP process when the binary path is attacker-influenced. Even in deployments where the binary is hard-coded, this is a defensive-in-depth regression: downstream packages reasonably assume Snappy shell-escapes the binary because the code looks like it does.

Patches

The version 1.7.1 will resolve this security advisory.

Workarounds

Before calling the constructor, ensure \is_executable($path) is truthy.

// Bad example
$pdf = new Knp\Snappy\Pdf('/path/to/binary');
// Better example
$pathToBinary = '/path/to/binary';

if (!\is_executable($pathToBinary)) {
  throw new \RuntimeException();
}

$pdf = new Knp\Snappy\Pdf('/path/to/binary');
Record
GHSA-vpr4-p6fq-85jc
CVSS 4.0
7.5 HighCVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Weakness
CWE-78
Updated
2026-11-02
NVD 7.5

Snappy is a PHP library allowing thumbnail, snapshot or PDF generation from a url or a html page. Prior to version 1.7.1, on POSIX, escapeshellarg(‘/usr/bin/wkhtmltopdf’) returns the literal string ‘/usr/bin/wkhtmltopdf’ with the single-quote characters included. is_executable() then looks for a file whose actual name contains those quote characters, which essentially never exists. The safe branch is dead code and $command always falls through to the raw, unescaped value. The rest of the arguments (options, input, output) are escaped correctly, so injection has to land in the binary string itself. That happens whenever the binary path is sourced from configuration that is user-influenced, derived from environment variables that ultimately come from request data, or concatenated with any user-controlled fragment. This issue has been patched in version 1.7.1.

Record
CVE-2026-46643
CVSS 4.0
7.5 HighCVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Weakness
CWE-78
Updated
2026-11-02
OSV 7.5

Snappy: Binary path is never shell-escaped due to an inverted is_executable check

Snappy is a PHP library allowing thumbnail, snapshot or PDF generation from a url or a html page. Prior to version 1.7.1, on POSIX, escapeshellarg(‘/usr/bin/wkhtmltopdf’) returns the literal string ‘/usr/bin/wkhtmltopdf’ with the single-quote characters included. is_executable() then looks for a file whose actual name contains those quote characters, which essentially never exists. The safe branch is dead code and $command always falls through to the raw, unescaped value. The rest of the arguments (options, input, output) are escaped correctly, so injection has to land in the binary string itself. That happens whenever the binary path is sourced from configuration that is user-influenced, derived from environment variables that ultimately come from request data, or concatenated with any user-controlled fragment. This issue has been patched in version 1.7.1.

Record
CVE-2026-46643
CVSS 4.0
7.5 HighCVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Weakness
CWE-78
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVGHSA-vpr4-p6fq-85jc 7.5

Snappy: Binary path is never shell-escaped due to an inverted is_executable check

Impact

On POSIX, escapeshellarg(‘/usr/bin/wkhtmltopdf’) returns the literal string ‘/usr/bin/wkhtmltopdf’ with the single-quote characters included. is_executable() then looks for a file whose actual name contains those quote characters, which essentially never exists. The safe branch is dead code and $command always falls through to the raw, unescaped value.

The rest of the arguments (options, input, output) are escaped correctly, so injection has to land in the binary string itself. That happens whenever the binary path is sourced from configuration that is user-influenced, derived from environment variables that ultimately come from request data, or concatenated with any user-controlled fragment.

Proof of concept:

 $pdf = new Knp\Snappy\Pdf(‘wkhtmltopdf; touch /tmp/snappy_rce’);
 $pdf->generate(‘https://example.com’, ‘/tmp/out.pdf’);
 // /tmp/snappy_rce is created.

Impact: command execution as the PHP process when the binary path is attacker-influenced. Even in deployments where the binary is hard-coded, this is a defensive-in-depth regression: downstream packages reasonably assume Snappy shell-escapes the binary because the code looks like it does.

Patches

The version 1.7.1 will resolve this security advisory.

Workarounds

Before calling the constructor, ensure \is_executable($path) is truthy.

// Bad example
$pdf = new Knp\Snappy\Pdf('/path/to/binary');
// Better example
$pathToBinary = '/path/to/binary';

if (!\is_executable($pathToBinary)) {
  throw new \RuntimeException();
}

$pdf = new Knp\Snappy\Pdf('/path/to/binary');
Record
GHSA-vpr4-p6fq-85jc
CVSS 4.0
7.5 HighCVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Weakness
CWE-78
Updated
2026-11-02

Affected products

Affected packages

Affected packages
PackageAffectedFixed
KnpLabs/knp-snappy
Packagist
through 1.7.0
1.7.1
KnpLabs/knp-snappy
Packagist
before 1.7.1
1.7.1

History

History
RecordedChangedSources
first indexedCVE List, EUVD, GitHub Advisories, NVD, OSV

Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.

In short

CVE-2026-46643 is a high vulnerability (CVSS 7.5) in Knplabs Snappy, published May 21, 2026. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.20%, the 9th percentile. Fixed in KnpLabs/knp-snappy 1.7.1.

References

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