CVE-2026-47249
Klever-Go KVM: Hash-array amplification in P2P resolver request handling
Klever-Go is the Go implementation of the Klever blockchain protocol. Prior to 1.7.18, the P2P resolver request handling logic is vulnerable to hash-array amplification. A connected peer can send a compressed RequestDataType_HashArrayType direct request that is only 442 bytes on the wire but expands into 200,000 decoded hash entries inside the resolver path. The resolver's antiflood logic counts only a single logical message and the compressed wire size, and while Batch.Decompress() caps the decompressed byte size, it never limits the number of decoded repeated-field items. As a result, both TxResolver and TrieNodeResolver preallocate and iterate over the entire unchecked set of decoded hashes, causing remote memory and CPU amplification against any node that accepts P2P peer connections. This issue is fixed in version 1.7.18.
Attack profile
How easy it is to exploit
- Attack vector
- Network
- Complexity
- Low
- Privileges needed
- None
- User interaction
- None
What an attacker can affect
- Confidentiality
- None
- Integrity
- None
- Availability
- High
Exploit likelihood
What each source reports
CVE List Score used
Klever-Go KVM: Hash-array amplification in P2P resolver request handling
Klever-Go is the Go implementation of the Klever blockchain protocol. Prior to 1.7.18, the P2P resolver request handling logic is vulnerable to hash-array amplification. A connected peer can send a compressed RequestDataType_HashArrayType direct request that is only 442 bytes on the wire but expands into 200,000 decoded hash entries inside the resolver path. The resolver's antiflood logic counts only a single logical message and the compressed wire size, and while Batch.Decompress() caps the decompressed byte size, it never limits the number of decoded repeated-field items. As a result, both TxResolver and TrieNodeResolver preallocate and iterate over the entire unchecked set of decoded hashes, causing remote memory and CPU amplification against any node that accepts P2P peer connections. This issue is fixed in version 1.7.18.
- Record
CVE-2026-47249- CVSS 3.1
- 7.5 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-400
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2026-54713
Klever-Go is the Go implementation of the Klever blockchain protocol. Prior to 1.7.18, the P2P resolver request handling logic is vulnerable to hash-array amplification. A connected peer can send a compressed RequestDataType_HashArrayType direct request that is only 442 bytes on the wire but expands into 200,000 decoded hash entries inside the resolver path. The resolver's antiflood logic counts only a single logical message and the compressed wire size, and while Batch.Decompress() caps the decompressed byte size, it never limits the number of decoded repeated-field items. As a result, both TxResolver and TrieNodeResolver preallocate and iterate over the entire unchecked set of decoded hashes, causing remote memory and CPU amplification against any node that accepts P2P peer connections. This issue is fixed in version 1.7.18.
- Record
EUVD-2026-54713- CVSS 3.1
- 7.5 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H - Updated
- 2026-11-02
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-w342-mj6g-v9c4
Klever-Go KVM: Hash-array amplification in P2P resolver request handling
Summary
A connected peer can send a compressed RequestDataType_HashArrayType direct request that is only 442 bytes on the wire but expands into 200000 decoded hash entries inside the resolver path. On klever-go v1.7.17, this allows remote memory and CPU amplification against nodes that accept P2P peer connections.
Details
Resolver antiflood logic accounts only one logical message and the compressed wire size in data/retriever/resolvers/messageProcessor.go#L30.
Batch.Decompress() in data/batch/batch.go#L122 enforces an inflated byte cap but does not enforce a decoded repeated-field item cap. After decompression, TxResolver preallocates and iterates all decoded hashes in data/retriever/resolvers/transactionResolver.go#L194, and TrieNodeResolver iterates the same unchecked decoded set in data/retriever/resolvers/trieNodeResolver.go#L108.
Pinned references:
- https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/blob/333f6ec910906e227705fc5767dc897d8fbfc862/data/retriever/resolvers/messageProcessor.go#L30
- https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/blob/333f6ec910906e227705fc5767dc897d8fbfc862/data/batch/batch.go#L122
- https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/blob/333f6ec910906e227705fc5767dc897d8fbfc862/data/retriever/resolvers/transactionResolver.go#L194
- https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/blob/333f6ec910906e227705fc5767dc897d8fbfc862/data/retriever/resolvers/trieNodeResolver.go#L108
This appears distinct from the public CVE-2026-44697 / GHSA-87m7-qffr-542v, which covered MultiDataInterceptor compressed batch fan-in. This report concerns resolver request paths that remain reachable through real libp2p direct-send plumbing on v1.7.17.
PoC
Reproduced with:
go run auditpoc/request_batch_hash_amplification_poc.go
go test github.com/klever-io/klever-go/auditpoc -run TestRequestBatchHashAmplification_DirectSendReachability -count=1
Observed output:
request wire bytes: 442
fits direct-send limit (983040 bytes): true
tx resolver lookups: 200000
trie resolver lookups: 200000
heap delta before first tx lookup: 17.47 MiB
ok github.com/klever-io/klever-go/auditpoc
The E2E harness registers the victim resolver on the request topic and sends the malicious payload through SendToConnectedPeer() to prove the work amplification survives the real direct-send path.
Impact
A connected peer can convert a sub-kilobyte request into large decode-time memory pressure and synchronous CPU work on the target node. Repeated requests or several concurrent peers can degrade or exhaust validator resources, affecting node availability.
- Record
GHSA-w342-mj6g-v9c4- CVSS 3.1
- 7.5 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-400
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
NVD
Klever-Go is the Go implementation of the Klever blockchain protocol. Prior to 1.7.18, the P2P resolver request handling logic is vulnerable to hash-array amplification. A connected peer can send a compressed RequestDataType_HashArrayType direct request that is only 442 bytes on the wire but expands into 200,000 decoded hash entries inside the resolver path. The resolver's antiflood logic counts only a single logical message and the compressed wire size, and while Batch.Decompress() caps the decompressed byte size, it never limits the number of decoded repeated-field items. As a result, both TxResolver and TrieNodeResolver preallocate and iterate over the entire unchecked set of decoded hashes, causing remote memory and CPU amplification against any node that accepts P2P peer connections. This issue is fixed in version 1.7.18.
- Record
CVE-2026-47249- CVSS 3.1
- 7.5 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-400
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSV
Klever-Go KVM: Hash-array amplification in P2P resolver request handling
Klever-Go is the Go implementation of the Klever blockchain protocol. Prior to 1.7.18, the P2P resolver request handling logic is vulnerable to hash-array amplification. A connected peer can send a compressed RequestDataType_HashArrayType direct request that is only 442 bytes on the wire but expands into 200,000 decoded hash entries inside the resolver path. The resolver's antiflood logic counts only a single logical message and the compressed wire size, and while Batch.Decompress() caps the decompressed byte size, it never limits the number of decoded repeated-field items. As a result, both TxResolver and TrieNodeResolver preallocate and iterate over the entire unchecked set of decoded hashes, causing remote memory and CPU amplification against any node that accepts P2P peer connections. This issue is fixed in version 1.7.18.
- Record
CVE-2026-47249- CVSS 3.1
- 7.5 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-400
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVGHSA-w342-mj6g-v9c4
Klever-Go KVM: Hash-array amplification in P2P resolver request handling
Summary
A connected peer can send a compressed RequestDataType_HashArrayType direct request that is only 442 bytes on the wire but expands into 200000 decoded hash entries inside the resolver path. On klever-go v1.7.17, this allows remote memory and CPU amplification against nodes that accept P2P peer connections.
Details
Resolver antiflood logic accounts only one logical message and the compressed wire size in data/retriever/resolvers/messageProcessor.go#L30.
Batch.Decompress() in data/batch/batch.go#L122 enforces an inflated byte cap but does not enforce a decoded repeated-field item cap. After decompression, TxResolver preallocates and iterates all decoded hashes in data/retriever/resolvers/transactionResolver.go#L194, and TrieNodeResolver iterates the same unchecked decoded set in data/retriever/resolvers/trieNodeResolver.go#L108.
Pinned references:
- https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/blob/333f6ec910906e227705fc5767dc897d8fbfc862/data/retriever/resolvers/messageProcessor.go#L30
- https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/blob/333f6ec910906e227705fc5767dc897d8fbfc862/data/batch/batch.go#L122
- https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/blob/333f6ec910906e227705fc5767dc897d8fbfc862/data/retriever/resolvers/transactionResolver.go#L194
- https://github.com/klever-io/klever-go/blob/333f6ec910906e227705fc5767dc897d8fbfc862/data/retriever/resolvers/trieNodeResolver.go#L108
This appears distinct from the public CVE-2026-44697 / GHSA-87m7-qffr-542v, which covered MultiDataInterceptor compressed batch fan-in. This report concerns resolver request paths that remain reachable through real libp2p direct-send plumbing on v1.7.17.
PoC
Reproduced with:
go run auditpoc/request_batch_hash_amplification_poc.go
go test github.com/klever-io/klever-go/auditpoc -run TestRequestBatchHashAmplification_DirectSendReachability -count=1
Observed output:
request wire bytes: 442
fits direct-send limit (983040 bytes): true
tx resolver lookups: 200000
trie resolver lookups: 200000
heap delta before first tx lookup: 17.47 MiB
ok github.com/klever-io/klever-go/auditpoc
The E2E harness registers the victim resolver on the request topic and sends the malicious payload through SendToConnectedPeer() to prove the work amplification survives the real direct-send path.
Impact
A connected peer can convert a sub-kilobyte request into large decode-time memory pressure and synchronous CPU work on the target node. Repeated requests or several concurrent peers can degrade or exhaust validator resources, affecting node availability.
- Record
GHSA-w342-mj6g-v9c4- CVSS 3.1
- 7.5 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-400
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVGO-2026-5685 No score
Klever-Go KVM: Hash-array amplification in P2P resolver request handling in github.com/klever-io/klever-go
Klever-Go KVM: Hash-array amplification in P2P resolver request handling in github.com/klever-io/klever-go
- Record
GO-2026-5685- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVopenSUSE-SU-2026:21483-1 No score
Security update for govulncheck-vulndb
This update for govulncheck-vulndb fixes the following issues:
- Update to version 0.0.20260723T184607 2026-07-23T18:46:07Z (jsc#PED-11136).
Go CVE Numbering Authority IDs added or updated with aliases:
- GO-2026-4730 CVE-2026-33022 GHSA-cv4x-93xx-wgfj
- GO-2026-4761 CVE-2026-33211 GHSA-j5q5-j9gm-2w5c
- GO-2026-5102 CVE-2026-45021 GHSA-3vcp-chfh-f6r2
- GO-2026-5272 CVE-2026-40938 GHSA-94jr-7pqp-xhcq
- GO-2026-5486 CVE-2026-40924 GHSA-m2cx-gpqf-qf74
- GO-2026-5542 CVE-2026-40090 GHSA-pj97-4p9w-gx3q
- GO-2026-5630 CVE-2026-25542 GHSA-rmx9-2pp3-xhcr
- GO-2026-5643 CVE-2026-40923 GHSA-rx35-6rhx-7858
- GO-2026-5675 CVE-2026-41492 GHSA-vvf7-6rmr-m29q
- GO-2026-5711 CVE-2026-40161 GHSA-wjxp-xrpv-xpff
- GO-2026-5746 CVE-2026-41567 GHSA-x86f-5xw2-fm2r
- GO-2026-5749 CVE-2026-41328 GHSA-x92x-px7w-4gx4
- GO-2026-5837 CVE-2026-44840 GHSA-q2m9-6jp9-c6mc
- GO-2026-5929 CVE-2026-44342 GHSA-26v7-h57m-gh9m
- GO-2026-5930 CVE-2026-33655 GHSA-6qcr-qxgr-m7fv
- GO-2026-5933 GHSA-3g4q-2f67-2gvh
- GO-2026-5934 GHSA-59qp-cfj3-rp64
- GO-2026-5935 GHSA-7856-g3gv-9wq8
- GO-2026-5936 CVE-2026-53552 GHSA-26rh-24rg-j3vv
- GO-2026-5937 CVE-2026-53508 GHSA-2jcc-mxv7-p3f9
- GO-2026-5938 CVE-2026-53553 GHSA-4g5x-hcwm-82jw
- GO-2026-5939 CVE-2026-10517 GHSA-698x-9w2p-7vvp
- GO-2026-5940 CVE-2026-53572 GHSA-6w3m-4hhp-775q
- GO-2026-5941 CVE-2026-53487 GHSA-gvhc-wv3v-7pf8
- GO-2026-5942 CVE-2026-46600
- GO-2026-5944 CVE-2026-50197 GHSA-659f-rgp5-w4wf
- GO-2026-5945 CVE-2026-6815 GHSA-rmxx-v9rj-vpvg
- GO-2026-5946 CVE-2026-52831 GHSA-v5px-423j-pf7p
- GO-2026-5947 CVE-2026-53649 GHSA-xqhv-chqm-fhcc
- GO-2026-5948 CVE-2026-50554 GHSA-588f-fvcv-xhvf
- GO-2026-5949 CVE-2026-50553 GHSA-rqrh-8wpv-x7hh
- GO-2026-5950 CVE-2026-53602 GHSA-339v-266x-79xr
- GO-2026-5951 CVE-2026-10219 GHSA-6jm8-4fhr-5w64
- GO-2026-5952 CVE-2026-49834 GHSA-9vcr-p3rj-q5q6
- GO-2026-5953 CVE-2026-9094 GHSA-c9w5-qp6m-m395
- GO-2026-5956 CVE-2026-55252 GHSA-h5g6-xmh4-hc37
- GO-2026-5957 CVE-2026-54158 GHSA-5xfx-xj4h-5p7r
- GO-2026-5958 CVE-2026-54068 GHSA-gcm7-57gf-953c
- GO-2026-5959 CVE-2026-54072 GHSA-h29v-hj44-q8cv
- GO-2026-5961 CVE-2026-54069 GHSA-hvr9-72v2-fff3
- GO-2026-5962 CVE-2026-54088 GHSA-m93h-4hw7-5qcm
- GO-2026-5963 CVE-2026-54067 GHSA-mvjr-vv3c-w4qv
- GO-2026-5964 CVE-2026-54066 GHSA-p4m3-mgmm-c664
- GO-2026-5965 CVE-2026-54070 GHSA-w7cg-whh7-xp28
- GO-2026-5966 CVE-2026-54089 GHSA-xqp3-jq6g-x3qm
- GO-2026-5967 CVE-2026-50551 GHSA-56mp-4f3v-fgj2
- GO-2026-5968 CVE-2026-54174 GHSA-fpg8-7664-jc5q
- GO-2026-5969 GHSA-g936-7jqj-mwv8
- GO-2026-5970 CVE-2026-56852
- GO-2026-5973 CVE-2026-54250 GHSA-jxr7-mqhw-9p98
- GO-2026-5974 CVE-2026-44300 GHSA-wmj8-9953-vff5
- GO-2026-5975 CVE-2026-50018 GHSA-42j2-w334-qxw7
- GO-2026-5976 CVE-2026-50141 GHSA-g7mm-9vx7-jm7h
- GO-2026-5977 CVE-2026-50013 GHSA-qrh4-p6v4-mrfg
- GO-2026-5978 CVE-2026-50125 GHSA-qw5r-ppcg-f8rj
- GO-2026-5979 CVE-2026-50006 GHSA-xrcf-6jh3-ggvx
- GO-2026-5980 CVE-2026-50158 GHSA-2c7f-fxww-6w6c
- GO-2026-5981 GHSA-mqxv-9rm6-w8qc
- GO-2026-5982 GHSA-pqg7-v6wh-3pfp
- GO-2026-5984 CVE-2026-53604 GHSA-2p2f-px33-4vv5
- GO-2026-5985 GHSA-7rx3-5wx3-5v76
- GO-2026-5986 CVE-2026-61699 GHSA-cm26-5974-52h8
- GO-2026-5987 CVE-2026-55513 GHSA-g4x6-jcvr-9m3g
- GO-2026-5988 CVE-2026-54628 GHSA-hwrq-8wxh-q4xv
- GO-2026-5989 CVE-2026-55512 GHSA-m3cx-mwpg-32jg
- GO-2026-5990 CVE-2026-54629 GHSA-mf78-3rpf-r784
- GO-2026-5991 CVE-2026-53603 GHSA-q4vm-pq3q-8wgq
- GO-2026-5992 CVE-2026-61549 GHSA-qf34-295c-26v8
- GO-2026-5996 CVE-2026-54450 GHSA-pph6-vfjv-vpjw
- GO-2026-5997 CVE-2026-54452 GHSA-xgch-x3mx-cm3c
- GO-2026-5998 CVE-2026-54495 GHSA-398h-7f66-3h4p
- GO-2026-5999 CVE-2026-10814 GHSA-jh6h-v6mp-h22v
- GO-2026-6002 CVE-2026-58196 GHSA-pr64-jmmf-jp54
- GO-2026-6003 CVE-2026-53714 GHSA-22xc-xg2r-9j7v
- GO-2026-6004 CVE-2026-52833 GHSA-3v79-m2cg-89ww
- GO-2026-6005 CVE-2026-53715 GHSA-8fv2-88gg-hm7q
- GO-2026-6006 CVE-2026-53716 GHSA-cxpq-8v7q-cg56 *…
- Record
openSUSE-SU-2026:21483-1- Updated
- 2026-11-02
Affected products
Affected packages
| Package | Affected | Fixed |
|---|---|---|
github.com/klever-io/klever-goGo |
before 1.7.18 | 1.7.18 |
govulncheck-vulndbopenSUSE:Leap 16.0 From an advisory covering 1734 CVEs |
before 0.0.20260723T184607-160000.1.1 | 0.0.20260723T184607-160000.1.1 |
History
| Recorded | Changed | Sources |
|---|---|---|
| affected, facts | ||
| aliases | EUVD | |
| first indexed | CVE List, GitHub Advisories, NVD, OSV |
Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.
In short
CVE-2026-47249 is a high vulnerability (CVSS 7.5) in Klever-io Klever-go, published June 5, 2026. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.49%, the 42nd percentile. Fixed in github.com/klever-io/klever-go 1.7.18.
References
github.com/klever-io/klever-go/security/advisories/GHSA-w342-mj6g-v9c4
nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-47249
Show 194 moreShow less
suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2016-11063
Left out here: 1,540 references and the rest of 1 source description. The JSON record has them.