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CVE-2026-49943

CZ.NIC BIRD Internet Routing Daemon through 2.19.0 contains a stack-based buffer overflow in the...

6.3 MediumPublic exploit

CZ.NIC BIRD Internet Routing Daemon through 2.19.0 contains a stack-based buffer overflow in the BGP AS_PATH mask matching implementation in nest/a-path.c. The as_path_match() function uses a fixed-size stack array of 2048 + 1 pm_pos entries, while parse_path() expands AS_PATH segments from a received BGP UPDATE without enforcing a corresponding capacity limit. When RFC 8654 BGP Extended Messages are enabled and a BIRD filter evaluates an AS path mask expression such as "bgp_path ~ [= ... =]", an established BGP peer can send a long AS_PATH containing more than 2048 expanded ASNs. This causes parse_path()/as_path_match() to write beyond the fixed stack buffer, resulting in a crash of the daemon. NOTE: reportedly, the Supplier's position is that a fix is not being prioritized because all network operators should already be rejecting routes with unusually long attributes.

Attack profile

How easy it is to exploit

Attack vector
Network
Complexity
High
Privileges needed
Low
User interaction
None

What an attacker can affect

Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

Exploit likelihood

0.30%Up 0.3 points since Jun 3, 2026
90%50%10%1%

What each source reports

CVE List Score used 6.3

CZ.NIC BIRD Internet Routing Daemon through 2.19.0 contains a stack-based buffer overflow in the BGP AS_PATH mask matching implementation in nest/a-path.c. The as_path_match() function uses a fixed-size stack array of 2048 + 1 pm_pos entries, while parse_path() expands AS_PATH segments from a received BGP UPDATE without enforcing a corresponding capacity limit. When RFC 8654 BGP Extended Messages are enabled and a BIRD filter evaluates an AS path mask expression such as "bgp_path ~ [= ... =]", an established BGP peer can send a long AS_PATH containing more than 2048 expanded ASNs. This causes parse_path()/as_path_match() to write beyond the fixed stack buffer, resulting in a crash of the daemon. NOTE: reportedly, the Supplier's position is that a fix is not being prioritized because all network operators should already be rejecting routes with unusually long attributes.

Record
CVE-2026-49943
CVSS 3.1
6.3 MediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H
Weakness
CWE-121
Updated
2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2026-33980 6.3

CZ.NIC BIRD Internet Routing Daemon through 2.19.0 contains a stack-based buffer overflow in the BGP AS_PATH mask matching implementation in nest/a-path.c. The as_path_match() function uses a fixed-size stack array of 2048 + 1 pm_pos entries, while parse_path() expands AS_PATH segments from a received BGP UPDATE without enforcing a corresponding capacity limit. When RFC 8654 BGP Extended Messages are enabled and a BIRD filter evaluates an AS path mask expression such as "bgp_path ~ [= ... =]", an established BGP peer can send a long AS_PATH containing more than 2048 expanded ASNs. This causes parse_path()/as_path_match() to write beyond the fixed stack buffer, resulting in a crash of the daemon. NOTE: reportedly, the Supplier's position is that a fix is not being prioritized because all network operators should already be rejecting routes with unusually long attributes.

Record
EUVD-2026-33980
CVSS 3.1
6.3 MediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H
Updated
2026-11-02
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-64c8-8qx9-25r7 6.3

CZ.NIC BIRD Internet Routing Daemon through 2.19.0 contains a stack-based buffer overflow in the...

CZ.NIC BIRD Internet Routing Daemon through 2.19.0 contains a stack-based buffer overflow in the BGP AS_PATH mask matching implementation in nest/a-path.c. The as_path_match() function uses a fixed-size stack array of 2048 + 1 pm_pos entries, while parse_path() expands AS_PATH segments from a received BGP UPDATE without enforcing a corresponding capacity limit. When RFC 8654 BGP Extended Messages are enabled and a BIRD filter evaluates an AS path mask expression such as "bgp_path ~ [= ... =]", an established BGP peer can send a long AS_PATH containing more than 2048 expanded ASNs. This causes parse_path()/as_path_match() to write beyond the fixed stack buffer, resulting in a crash of the daemon. NOTE: reportedly, the Supplier's position is that a fix is not being prioritized because all network operators should already be rejecting routes with unusually long attributes.

Record
GHSA-64c8-8qx9-25r7
CVSS 3.1
6.3 MediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H
Weakness
CWE-121
Updated
2026-11-02
NVD 6.3

CZ.NIC BIRD Internet Routing Daemon through 2.19.0 contains a stack-based buffer overflow in the BGP AS_PATH mask matching implementation in nest/a-path.c. The as_path_match() function uses a fixed-size stack array of 2048 + 1 pm_pos entries, while parse_path() expands AS_PATH segments from a received BGP UPDATE without enforcing a corresponding capacity limit. When RFC 8654 BGP Extended Messages are enabled and a BIRD filter evaluates an AS path mask expression such as "bgp_path ~ [= ... =]", an established BGP peer can send a long AS_PATH containing more than 2048 expanded ASNs. This causes parse_path()/as_path_match() to write beyond the fixed stack buffer, resulting in a crash of the daemon. NOTE: reportedly, the Supplier's position is that a fix is not being prioritized because all network operators should already be rejecting routes with unusually long attributes.

Record
CVE-2026-49943
CVSS 3.1
6.3 MediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H
Weakness
CWE-121
Updated
2026-11-02
OSV 6.3

CZ.NIC BIRD Internet Routing Daemon through 2.19.0 contains a stack-based buffer overflow in the BGP AS_PATH mask matching implementation in nest/a-path.c. The as_path_match() function uses a fixed-size stack array of 2048 + 1 pm_pos entries, while parse_path() expands AS_PATH segments from a received BGP UPDATE without enforcing a corresponding capacity limit. When RFC 8654 BGP Extended Messages are enabled and a BIRD filter evaluates an AS path mask expression such as "bgp_path ~ [= ... =]", an established BGP peer can send a long AS_PATH containing more than 2048 expanded ASNs. This causes parse_path()/as_path_match() to write beyond the fixed stack buffer, resulting in a crash of the daemon. NOTE: reportedly, the Supplier's position is that a fix is not being prioritized because all network operators should already be rejecting routes with unusually long attributes.

Record
CVE-2026-49943
CVSS 3.1
6.3 MediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H
Weakness
CWE-121
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVDEBIAN-CVE-2026-49943 6.3

CZ.NIC BIRD Internet Routing Daemon through 2.19.0 contains a stack-based buffer overflow in the BGP AS_PATH mask matching implementation in nest/a-path.c. The as_path_match() function uses a fixed-size stack array of 2048 + 1 pm_pos entries, while parse_path() expands AS_PATH segments from a received BGP UPDATE without enforcing a corresponding capacity limit. When RFC 8654 BGP Extended Messages are enabled and a BIRD filter evaluates an AS path mask expression such as "bgp_path ~ [= ... =]", an established BGP peer can send a long AS_PATH containing more than 2048 expanded ASNs. This causes parse_path()/as_path_match() to write beyond the fixed stack buffer, resulting in a crash of the daemon. NOTE: reportedly, the Supplier's position is that a fix is not being prioritized because all network operators should already be rejecting routes with unusually long attributes.

Record
DEBIAN-CVE-2026-49943
CVSS 3.1
6.3 MediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVUBUNTU-CVE-2026-49943 6.3

CZ.NIC BIRD Internet Routing Daemon through 2.19.0 contains a stack-based buffer overflow in the BGP AS_PATH mask matching implementation in nest/a-path.c. The as_path_match() function uses a fixed-size stack array of 2048 + 1 pm_pos entries, while parse_path() expands AS_PATH segments from a received BGP UPDATE without enforcing a corresponding capacity limit. When RFC 8654 BGP Extended Messages are enabled and a BIRD filter evaluates an AS path mask expression such as "bgp_path ~ [= ... =]", an established BGP peer can send a long AS_PATH containing more than 2048 expanded ASNs. This causes parse_path()/as_path_match() to write beyond the fixed stack buffer, resulting in a crash of the daemon. NOTE: reportedly, the Supplier's position is that a fix is not being prioritized because all network operators should already be rejecting routes with unusually long attributes.

Record
UBUNTU-CVE-2026-49943
CVSS 3.1
6.3 MediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H
Updated
2026-11-02

Affected products

Affected packages

Affected packages
PackageAffectedFixed
bird
Debian:12
All versions, plus listed versions
1.6.8-2.1
None known
bird2
Debian:12
All versions, plus listed versions
2.0.12-72.14-12.15-12.15.1-12.15.1-1.1
Show 12 moreShow less
2.16-12.16.1-12.17-12.17.1-12.17.2-12.17.3-12.17.3-22.18-12.18.1-12.19.0-12.19.1-12.19.2-1
None known
bird2
Debian:13
All versions, plus listed versions
2.17.1-12.17.1-1+deb13u12.17.1-1+deb13u22.17.2-12.17.3-1
Show 7 moreShow less
2.17.3-22.17.5-0+deb13u12.18-12.18.1-12.19.0-12.19.1-12.19.2-1
None known
bird2
Debian:14
All versions, plus listed versions
2.17.1-12.17.2-12.17.3-12.17.3-22.18-1
Show 4 moreShow less
2.18.1-12.19.0-12.19.1-12.19.2-1
None known
bird3
Debian:13
All versions, plus listed versions
3.1.0-13.1.4-13.1.5-13.1.5-23.1.7-0+deb13u1
Show 7 moreShow less
3.2.0-13.2.1-13.3.0-13.3.0-1~bpo13+13.3.1-13.3.2-13.3.2-1~bpo13+1
None known
bird3
Debian:14
All versions, plus listed versions
3.1.0-13.1.4-13.1.5-13.1.5-23.2.0-1
Show 6 moreShow less
3.2.1-13.3.0-13.3.0-1~bpo13+13.3.1-13.3.2-13.3.2-1~bpo13+1
None known
bird
Ubuntu:16.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
1.5.0-41.5.0-4build1
None known
bird
Ubuntu:18.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
1.6.3-3
None known
bird
Ubuntu:20.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
1.6.7-11.6.8-1
None known
bird2
Ubuntu:20.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
2.0.5-12.0.7-2
None known
Show 10 moreShow less
Affected packages
PackageAffectedFixed
bird
Ubuntu:22.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
1.6.8-2.1
None known
bird2
Ubuntu:22.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
2.0.7-4.12.0.8-2
None known
bird
Ubuntu:24.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
1.6.8-2.11.6.8-2.1build11.6.8-2.1build2
None known
bird2
Ubuntu:24.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
2.0.12-72.14-12.14-1build12.14-1build2
None known
bird2
Ubuntu:25.10
All versions, plus listed versions
2.16.1-12.17-12.17.1-1
None known
bird3
Ubuntu:25.10
All versions, plus listed versions
3.1.0-1
None known
bird2
Ubuntu:26.10
All versions, plus listed versions
2.18-12.18.1-12.19.0-12.19.1-12.19.2-1
None known
bird3
Ubuntu:26.10
All versions, plus listed versions
3.2.0-13.2.1-13.3.0-13.3.1-13.3.2-1
None known
bird2
Ubuntu:26.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
2.17.1-12.17.2-12.17.3-12.17.3-22.18-1
None known
bird3
Ubuntu:26.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
3.1.0-13.1.4-13.1.5-13.1.5-23.2.0-1
None known

Public exploits

Links only. Every CVE stores no exploit code.

Public exploits
SourceLinkDate
PoC in GitHubcxwx/CVE-2026-49943-PoC2026-06-03

History

History
RecordedChangedSources
aliases, publishedEUVD
first indexedCVE List, GitHub Advisories, NVD, OSV, PoC in GitHub

Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.

In short

CVE-2026-49943 is a medium vulnerability (CVSS 6.3) in Nic Bird, published June 2, 2026. Public exploit code exists. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.30%, the 22nd percentile. No source names a fixed version.

References

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