CVE-2026-59257
n8n - SQL Injection in MySQL v1 executeQuery Operation via Expression Interpolation
n8n before 1.123.61, 2.x before 2.27.4, and 2.28.x before 2.28.1 contains a SQL injection vulnerability in the legacy MySQL v1 node's executeQuery operation. The operation substitutes evaluated {{ ... }} expression values directly into the raw SQL string without parameterization. When a workflow uses this operation with expression-sourced values and is connected to an externally-reachable trigger (such as a Webhook node), attacker-controlled input reaching those expressions results in SQL injection, allowing execution of arbitrary SQL with the configured MySQL credentials' privileges. The MySQL v2 node, which uses parameterized queries, is not affected.
Attack profile
How easy it is to exploit
- Attack vector
- Network
- Complexity
- Low
- Privileges needed
- Low
- User interaction
- None
What an attacker can affect
- Confidentiality
- None
- Integrity
- None
- Availability
- None
Exploit likelihood
What each source reports
CVE List Score used
n8n - SQL Injection in MySQL v1 executeQuery Operation via Expression Interpolation
n8n before 1.123.61, 2.x before 2.27.4, and 2.28.x before 2.28.1 contains a SQL injection vulnerability in the legacy MySQL v1 node's executeQuery operation. The operation substitutes evaluated {{ ... }} expression values directly into the raw SQL string without parameterization. When a workflow uses this operation with expression-sourced values and is connected to an externally-reachable trigger (such as a Webhook node), attacker-controlled input reaching those expressions results in SQL injection, allowing execution of arbitrary SQL with the configured MySQL credentials' privileges. The MySQL v2 node, which uses parameterized queries, is not affected.
- Record
CVE-2026-59257- CVSS 4.0
- 5.3 Medium
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N - Weakness
- CWE-89
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2026-42269
n8n before 1.123.61, 2.x before 2.27.4, and 2.28.x before 2.28.1 contains a SQL injection vulnerability in the legacy MySQL v1 node's executeQuery operation. The operation substitutes evaluated {{ ... }} expression values directly into the raw SQL string without parameterization. When a workflow uses this operation with expression-sourced values and is connected to an externally-reachable trigger (such as a Webhook node), attacker-controlled input reaching those expressions results in SQL injection, allowing execution of arbitrary SQL with the configured MySQL credentials' privileges. The MySQL v2 node, which uses parameterized queries, is not affected.
- Record
EUVD-2026-42269- CVSS 4.0
- 5.3 Medium
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N - Updated
- 2026-11-02
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-2qp2-6frj-p9pq
Duplicate Advisory: MySQL v1 Node executeQuery Operation Allows SQL Injection via Unparameterized Expression Interpolation
Duplicate Advisory
This advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-hwmj-qg4v-cvg9. This link is maintained to preserve external references.
Original Description
n8n before 1.123.61, 2.x before 2.27.4, and 2.28.x before 2.28.1 contains a SQL injection vulnerability in the legacy MySQL v1 node's executeQuery operation. The operation substitutes evaluated {{ ... }} expression values directly into the raw SQL string without parameterization. When a workflow uses this operation with expression-sourced values and is connected to an externally-reachable trigger (such as a Webhook node), attacker-controlled input reaching those expressions results in SQL injection, allowing execution of arbitrary SQL with the configured MySQL credentials' privileges. The MySQL v2 node, which uses parameterized queries, is not affected.
- Record
GHSA-2qp2-6frj-p9pq- CVSS 4.0
- 5.3 Medium
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X - CVSS 3.1
- 8.8 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-89
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-hwmj-qg4v-cvg9
n8n: MySQL v1 Node executeQuery Operation Allows SQL Injection via Unparameterized Expression Interpolation
Impact
The legacy MySQL v1 node's executeQuery operation substitutes evaluated {{ ... }} expression values directly into the raw SQL string without parameterization. If a workflow uses this operation with expression-sourced values in the query and is connected to an externally-reachable trigger (such as a Webhook node), attacker-controlled input reaching those expressions results in SQL injection.
Successful exploitation allows arbitrary SQL execution with the configured MySQL credentials' privileges, enabling unauthorized disclosure, modification, or deletion of data in the downstream database. MySQL v2 node is not affected.
This issue can affect only instances running workflows that use the MySQL v1 node with executeQuery operations.
Patches
The issue has been fixed in n8n versions 1.123.61, 2.27.4, and 2.28.1. Users should upgrade to one of these versions or later to remediate the vulnerability.
Workarounds
If upgrading is not immediately possible, administrators should consider the following temporary mitigations:
- Disable the MySQL node by adding
n8n-nodes-base.mySqlto theNODES_EXCLUDEenvironment variable, or audit and restrict access to workflows using the MySQL v1 node with theexecuteQueryoperation. - Ensure that webhook endpoints used in workflows containing MySQL v1
executeQuerynodes with expression interpolation require authentication. - Migrate affected workflows to use the MySQL v2 node, which uses parameterized queries.
These workarounds do not fully remediate the risk and should only be used as short-term mitigation measures.
- Record
GHSA-hwmj-qg4v-cvg9- CVSS 4.0
- 5.3 Medium
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N - Weakness
- CWE-89
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
NVD
n8n before 1.123.61, 2.x before 2.27.4, and 2.28.x before 2.28.1 contains a SQL injection vulnerability in the legacy MySQL v1 node's executeQuery operation. The operation substitutes evaluated {{ ... }} expression values directly into the raw SQL string without parameterization. When a workflow uses this operation with expression-sourced values and is connected to an externally-reachable trigger (such as a Webhook node), attacker-controlled input reaching those expressions results in SQL injection, allowing execution of arbitrary SQL with the configured MySQL credentials' privileges. The MySQL v2 node, which uses parameterized queries, is not affected.
- Record
CVE-2026-59257- CVSS 4.0
- 5.3 Medium
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X - CVSS 3.1
- 8.8 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-89
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSV
n8n - SQL Injection in MySQL v1 executeQuery Operation via Expression Interpolation
n8n before 1.123.61, 2.x before 2.27.4, and 2.28.x before 2.28.1 contains a SQL injection vulnerability in the legacy MySQL v1 node's executeQuery operation. The operation substitutes evaluated {{ ... }} expression values directly into the raw SQL string without parameterization. When a workflow uses this operation with expression-sourced values and is connected to an externally-reachable trigger (such as a Webhook node), attacker-controlled input reaching those expressions results in SQL injection, allowing execution of arbitrary SQL with the configured MySQL credentials' privileges. The MySQL v2 node, which uses parameterized queries, is not affected.
- Record
CVE-2026-59257- CVSS 4.0
- 5.3 Medium
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N - Weakness
- CWE-89
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVGHSA-2qp2-6frj-p9pq
Duplicate Advisory: MySQL v1 Node executeQuery Operation Allows SQL Injection via Unparameterized Expression Interpolation
Duplicate Advisory
This advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-hwmj-qg4v-cvg9. This link is maintained to preserve external references.
Original Description
n8n before 1.123.61, 2.x before 2.27.4, and 2.28.x before 2.28.1 contains a SQL injection vulnerability in the legacy MySQL v1 node's executeQuery operation. The operation substitutes evaluated {{ ... }} expression values directly into the raw SQL string without parameterization. When a workflow uses this operation with expression-sourced values and is connected to an externally-reachable trigger (such as a Webhook node), attacker-controlled input reaching those expressions results in SQL injection, allowing execution of arbitrary SQL with the configured MySQL credentials' privileges. The MySQL v2 node, which uses parameterized queries, is not affected.
- Record
GHSA-2qp2-6frj-p9pq- CVSS 4.0
- 5.3 Medium
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X - CVSS 3.1
- 8.8 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-89
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVGHSA-hwmj-qg4v-cvg9
n8n: MySQL v1 Node executeQuery Operation Allows SQL Injection via Unparameterized Expression Interpolation
Impact
The legacy MySQL v1 node's executeQuery operation substitutes evaluated {{ ... }} expression values directly into the raw SQL string without parameterization. If a workflow uses this operation with expression-sourced values in the query and is connected to an externally-reachable trigger (such as a Webhook node), attacker-controlled input reaching those expressions results in SQL injection.
Successful exploitation allows arbitrary SQL execution with the configured MySQL credentials' privileges, enabling unauthorized disclosure, modification, or deletion of data in the downstream database. MySQL v2 node is not affected.
This issue can affect only instances running workflows that use the MySQL v1 node with executeQuery operations.
Patches
The issue has been fixed in n8n versions 1.123.61, 2.27.4, and 2.28.1. Users should upgrade to one of these versions or later to remediate the vulnerability.
Workarounds
If upgrading is not immediately possible, administrators should consider the following temporary mitigations:
- Disable the MySQL node by adding
n8n-nodes-base.mySqlto theNODES_EXCLUDEenvironment variable, or audit and restrict access to workflows using the MySQL v1 node with theexecuteQueryoperation. - Ensure that webhook endpoints used in workflows containing MySQL v1
executeQuerynodes with expression interpolation require authentication. - Migrate affected workflows to use the MySQL v2 node, which uses parameterized queries.
These workarounds do not fully remediate the risk and should only be used as short-term mitigation measures.
- Record
GHSA-hwmj-qg4v-cvg9- CVSS 4.0
- 5.3 Medium
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N - Weakness
- CWE-89
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
Affected products
Affected packages
History
| Recorded | Changed | Sources |
|---|---|---|
| affected | ||
| first indexed | CVE List, EUVD, GitHub Advisories, NVD, OSV |
Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.
In short
CVE-2026-59257 is a medium vulnerability (CVSS 5.3) in N8n, published July 8, 2026. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.57%, the 47th percentile. Fixed in n8n 1.123.61.
References
github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-hwmj-qg4v-cvg9
vulncheck.com/advisories/n8n-sql-injection-in-mysql-v1-executequery-operation-via-expression-interpolation
nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-59257