CVE-2026-63116

deepstream is a server that allows clients and backend services to sync data, send messages and make rpcs at scale. From 10.1.0 until 10.1.1, src/services/permission/valve/rules-map.ts omits RECORD_ACTION.PATCH_MULTI from RULES_MAP. When an authenticated user sends a PATCH_MULTI record operation while permission.type is config, getRulesForMessage returns a null rule specification and ConfigPermission.canPerformAction treats the missing specification as an unconditional allow instead of applying RULE_TYPES.WRITE. Any authenticated user can therefore modify arbitrary protected records, corrupt application state, or cause service disruption; deployments using the default permission type none already allow all operations and are not additionally affected. This issue is fixed in version 10.1.1.

deepstream is a server that allows clients and backend services to sync data, send messages and make rpcs at scale. From 10.1.0 until 10.1.1, src/services/permission/valve/rules-map.ts omits RECORD_ACTION.PATCH_MULTI from RULES_MAP. When an authenticated user sends a PATCH_MULTI record operation while permission.type is config, getRulesForMessage returns a null rule specification and ConfigPermission.canPerformAction treats the missing specification as an unconditional allow instead of applying RULE_TYPES.WRITE. Any authenticated user can therefore modify arbitrary protected records, corrupt application state, or cause service disruption; deployments using the default permission type none already allow all operations and are not additionally affected. This issue is fixed in version 10.1.1.

Summary

The RECORD_ACTION.PATCH_MULTI action is not registered in the Valve permission system's RULES_MAP (src/services/permission/valve/rules-map.ts). When ConfigPermission.canPerformAction() is called for a PATCH_MULTI message, getRulesForMessage() returns null because the action is missing from the map. This triggers an unconditional allow (callback(..., null, true)), completely bypassing all configured Valve permission rules.

Any authenticated user — regardless of their configured permissions — can write arbitrary data to any record using the PATCH_MULTI action.

Root Cause

In src/services/permission/valve/rules-map.ts lines 38-54, the RULES_MAP[TOPIC.RECORD].actions dictionary maps record actions to permission rule types. The actions registered include: SUBSCRIBE, SUBSCRIBEANDHEAD, SUBSCRIBEANDREAD, READ, HEAD, LISTEN, CREATE, UPDATE, PATCH, NOTIFY, DELETE, ERASE. However, RECORD_ACTION.PATCH_MULTI is absent from this map.

When getRulesForMessage() at line 86-99 encounters an action not in the map, it returns null. In config-permission.ts at line 88-93, when ruleSpecification === null, the callback is invoked with true (allow) unconditionally.

Attack Chain

1. Attacker authenticates with any valid credentials (even a minimal-privilege user)
2. Attacker sends a WebSocket message: {topic: RECORD, action: PATCH_MULTI, name: "admin/secret-record", parsedData: [{path: "role", data: "admin"}]}
3. message-processor.ts:68 invokes permission check
4. config-permission.ts:89 → getRulesForMessage() returns null for PATCH_MULTI
5. config-permission.ts:92 → unconditional ALLOW
6. Record transition applies the operations — arbitrary record is modified

Impact

• Complete Valve permission bypass for record writes — all configured permission rules are irrelevant
• Any authenticated user can overwrite any record, including admin-only records
• Mass record overwrites can destroy application state, corrupt sessions, cause service outage
• Only exploitable when permission.type is set to config (Valve) — the recommended production configuration per deepstream documentation
• Default permission type none (OpenPermission) allows everything already, so default deployments are unaffected

<details><summary>Proof of Concept</summary>

// Connect as a minimal-privilege user
const { DeepstreamClient } = require('@deepstream/client');
const client = new DeepstreamClient('localhost:6020');
await client.login({ username: 'restricted-user', password: 'password' });

// This should be blocked by Valve permissions but isn't:
// Send raw PATCH_MULTI message to bypass all permission rules
const connection = client.getConnection();
connection.sendMessage({
  topic: 0x52, // TOPIC.RECORD
  action: 0x50, // RECORD_ACTION.PATCH_MULTI (check actual enum value)
  name: 'admin/protected-record',
  parsedData: [
    { path: 'permissions', data: 'admin' },
    { path: 'secret', data: 'overwritten' }
  ]
});

</details>

Suggested Fix

Add PATCH_MULTI to the RULES_MAP in src/services/permission/valve/rules-map.ts:

[RECORD_ACTION.PATCH_MULTI]: RULE_TYPES.WRITE,

This maps PATCH_MULTI operations to the same WRITE permission rule that governs UPDATE and PATCH.

Affected Versions

All versions that include PATCH_MULTI support with the Valve (ConfigPermission) permission system. The PATCH_MULTI action was added in commit 82ffa8119d8f4a8242ac5c3507469a22de746b65 but was never registered in RULES_MAP.

Credit

Vulnerability discovered by Zhixi "Jace" Sun of ASM/VI at TikTok.

deepstream is a server that allows clients and backend services to sync data, send messages and make rpcs at scale. From 10.1.0 until 10.1.1, src/services/permission/valve/rules-map.ts omits RECORD_ACTION.PATCH_MULTI from RULES_MAP. When an authenticated user sends a PATCH_MULTI record operation while permission.type is config, getRulesForMessage returns a null rule specification and ConfigPermission.canPerformAction treats the missing specification as an unconditional allow instead of applying RULE_TYPES.WRITE. Any authenticated user can therefore modify arbitrary protected records, corrupt application state, or cause service disruption; deployments using the default permission type none already allow all operations and are not additionally affected. This issue is fixed in version 10.1.1.

deepstream is a server that allows clients and backend services to sync data, send messages and make rpcs at scale. From 10.1.0 until 10.1.1, src/services/permission/valve/rules-map.ts omits RECORD_ACTION.PATCH_MULTI from RULES_MAP. When an authenticated user sends a PATCH_MULTI record operation while permission.type is config, getRulesForMessage returns a null rule specification and ConfigPermission.canPerformAction treats the missing specification as an unconditional allow instead of applying RULE_TYPES.WRITE. Any authenticated user can therefore modify arbitrary protected records, corrupt application state, or cause service disruption; deployments using the default permission type none already allow all operations and are not additionally affected. This issue is fixed in version 10.1.1.

Summary

The RECORD_ACTION.PATCH_MULTI action is not registered in the Valve permission system's RULES_MAP (src/services/permission/valve/rules-map.ts). When ConfigPermission.canPerformAction() is called for a PATCH_MULTI message, getRulesForMessage() returns null because the action is missing from the map. This triggers an unconditional allow (callback(..., null, true)), completely bypassing all configured Valve permission rules.

Any authenticated user — regardless of their configured permissions — can write arbitrary data to any record using the PATCH_MULTI action.

Root Cause

In src/services/permission/valve/rules-map.ts lines 38-54, the RULES_MAP[TOPIC.RECORD].actions dictionary maps record actions to permission rule types. The actions registered include: SUBSCRIBE, SUBSCRIBEANDHEAD, SUBSCRIBEANDREAD, READ, HEAD, LISTEN, CREATE, UPDATE, PATCH, NOTIFY, DELETE, ERASE. However, RECORD_ACTION.PATCH_MULTI is absent from this map.

When getRulesForMessage() at line 86-99 encounters an action not in the map, it returns null. In config-permission.ts at line 88-93, when ruleSpecification === null, the callback is invoked with true (allow) unconditionally.

Attack Chain

1. Attacker authenticates with any valid credentials (even a minimal-privilege user)
2. Attacker sends a WebSocket message: {topic: RECORD, action: PATCH_MULTI, name: "admin/secret-record", parsedData: [{path: "role", data: "admin"}]}
3. message-processor.ts:68 invokes permission check
4. config-permission.ts:89 → getRulesForMessage() returns null for PATCH_MULTI
5. config-permission.ts:92 → unconditional ALLOW
6. Record transition applies the operations — arbitrary record is modified

Impact

• Complete Valve permission bypass for record writes — all configured permission rules are irrelevant
• Any authenticated user can overwrite any record, including admin-only records
• Mass record overwrites can destroy application state, corrupt sessions, cause service outage
• Only exploitable when permission.type is set to config (Valve) — the recommended production configuration per deepstream documentation
• Default permission type none (OpenPermission) allows everything already, so default deployments are unaffected

<details><summary>Proof of Concept</summary>

// Connect as a minimal-privilege user
const { DeepstreamClient } = require('@deepstream/client');
const client = new DeepstreamClient('localhost:6020');
await client.login({ username: 'restricted-user', password: 'password' });

// This should be blocked by Valve permissions but isn't:
// Send raw PATCH_MULTI message to bypass all permission rules
const connection = client.getConnection();
connection.sendMessage({
  topic: 0x52, // TOPIC.RECORD
  action: 0x50, // RECORD_ACTION.PATCH_MULTI (check actual enum value)
  name: 'admin/protected-record',
  parsedData: [
    { path: 'permissions', data: 'admin' },
    { path: 'secret', data: 'overwritten' }
  ]
});

</details>

Suggested Fix

Add PATCH_MULTI to the RULES_MAP in src/services/permission/valve/rules-map.ts:

[RECORD_ACTION.PATCH_MULTI]: RULE_TYPES.WRITE,

This maps PATCH_MULTI operations to the same WRITE permission rule that governs UPDATE and PATCH.

Affected Versions

All versions that include PATCH_MULTI support with the Valve (ConfigPermission) permission system. The PATCH_MULTI action was added in commit 82ffa8119d8f4a8242ac5c3507469a22de746b65 but was never registered in RULES_MAP.

Credit

Vulnerability discovered by Zhixi "Jace" Sun of ASM/VI at TikTok.