CVE-2026-63402
i18next: Shared built-in corruption through inherited-key deepExtend recursion
i18next is an internationalization framework for JavaScript. Prior to version 26.3.4, deepExtend in src/utils.js checks property existence with the in operator and recurses into inherited built-ins reached through Object.prototype. An application must explicitly pass attacker-controlled resource data to addResourceBundle(lng, ns, data, deep, overwrite) with both deep: true and overwrite: true. Source keys such as hasOwnProperty, toString and valueOf can then select shared inherited built-in function objects, and a nested value can overwrite a property of those objects process-wide. For example, making Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call non-callable causes subsequent uses, including i18next internals, to throw TypeError, resulting in unrecoverable denial of service and limited integrity impact. The __proto__/constructor guard does not prevent this mechanism because the corruption target is an inherited built-in function rather than the prototype object itself. Default calls without deep merging or with overwrite falsy are unaffected, and no standard i18next backend or integration uses the vulnerable configuration. This issue is distinct from the setPath/key-walking prototype-pollution flaws in i18next-fs-backend (CVE-2026-48713) and i18next-http-middleware (CVE-2026-48714). This issue is fixed in version 26.3.4.
Attack profile
How easy it is to exploit
- Attack vector
- Network
- Complexity
- High
- Privileges needed
- Low
- User interaction
- None
What an attacker can affect
- Confidentiality
- None
- Integrity
- Low
- Availability
- High
Exploit likelihood
What each source reports
CVE List Score used
5.9
i18next: Shared built-in corruption through inherited-key deepExtend recursion
i18next is an internationalization framework for JavaScript. Prior to version 26.3.4, deepExtend in src/utils.js checks property existence with the in operator and recurses into inherited built-ins reached through Object.prototype. An application must explicitly pass attacker-controlled resource data to addResourceBundle(lng, ns, data, deep, overwrite) with both deep: true and overwrite: true. Source keys such as hasOwnProperty, toString and valueOf can then select shared inherited built-in function objects, and a nested value can overwrite a property of those objects process-wide. For example, making Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call non-callable causes subsequent uses, including i18next internals, to throw TypeError, resulting in unrecoverable denial of service and limited integrity impact. The __proto__/constructor guard does not prevent this mechanism because the corruption target is an inherited built-in function rather than the prototype object itself. Default calls without deep merging or with overwrite falsy are unaffected, and no standard i18next backend or integration uses the vulnerable configuration. This issue is distinct from the setPath/key-walking prototype-pollution flaws in i18next-fs-backend (CVE-2026-48713) and i18next-http-middleware (CVE-2026-48714). This issue is fixed in version 26.3.4.
- Record
CVE-2026-63402- CVSS 3.1
- 5.9 Medium
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-471, CWE-1321
- Updated
- 2026-11-05
EUVDEUVD-2026-114546
5.9
i18next is an internationalization framework for JavaScript. Prior to version 26.3.4, deepExtend in src/utils.js checks property existence with the in operator and recurses into inherited built-ins reached through Object.prototype. An application must explicitly pass attacker-controlled resource data to addResourceBundle(lng, ns, data, deep, overwrite) with both deep: true and overwrite: true. Source keys such as hasOwnProperty, toString and valueOf can then select shared inherited built-in function objects, and a nested value can overwrite a property of those objects process-wide. For example, making Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call non-callable causes subsequent uses, including i18next internals, to throw TypeError, resulting in unrecoverable denial of service and limited integrity impact. The __proto__/constructor guard does not prevent this mechanism because the corruption target is an inherited built-in function rather than the prototype object itself. Default calls without deep merging or with overwrite falsy are unaffected, and no standard i18next backend or integration uses the vulnerable configuration. This issue is distinct from the setPath/key-walking prototype-pollution flaws in i18next-fs-backend (CVE-2026-48713) and i18next-http-middleware (CVE-2026-48714). This issue is fixed in version 26.3.4.
- Record
EUVD-2026-114546- CVSS 3.1
- 5.9 Medium
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H - Updated
- 2026-11-05
NVD
5.9
i18next is an internationalization framework for JavaScript. Prior to version 26.3.4, deepExtend in src/utils.js checks property existence with the in operator and recurses into inherited built-ins reached through Object.prototype. An application must explicitly pass attacker-controlled resource data to addResourceBundle(lng, ns, data, deep, overwrite) with both deep: true and overwrite: true. Source keys such as hasOwnProperty, toString and valueOf can then select shared inherited built-in function objects, and a nested value can overwrite a property of those objects process-wide. For example, making Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call non-callable causes subsequent uses, including i18next internals, to throw TypeError, resulting in unrecoverable denial of service and limited integrity impact. The __proto__/constructor guard does not prevent this mechanism because the corruption target is an inherited built-in function rather than the prototype object itself. Default calls without deep merging or with overwrite falsy are unaffected, and no standard i18next backend or integration uses the vulnerable configuration. This issue is distinct from the setPath/key-walking prototype-pollution flaws in i18next-fs-backend (CVE-2026-48713) and i18next-http-middleware (CVE-2026-48714). This issue is fixed in version 26.3.4.
- Record
CVE-2026-63402- CVSS 3.1
- 5.9 Medium
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-471, CWE-1321
- Updated
- 2026-11-05
OSV
5.9
i18next: Shared built-in corruption through inherited-key deepExtend recursion
i18next is an internationalization framework for JavaScript. Prior to version 26.3.4, deepExtend in src/utils.js checks property existence with the in operator and recurses into inherited built-ins reached through Object.prototype. An application must explicitly pass attacker-controlled resource data to addResourceBundle(lng, ns, data, deep, overwrite) with both deep: true and overwrite: true. Source keys such as hasOwnProperty, toString and valueOf can then select shared inherited built-in function objects, and a nested value can overwrite a property of those objects process-wide. For example, making Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call non-callable causes subsequent uses, including i18next internals, to throw TypeError, resulting in unrecoverable denial of service and limited integrity impact. The __proto__/constructor guard does not prevent this mechanism because the corruption target is an inherited built-in function rather than the prototype object itself. Default calls without deep merging or with overwrite falsy are unaffected, and no standard i18next backend or integration uses the vulnerable configuration. This issue is distinct from the setPath/key-walking prototype-pollution flaws in i18next-fs-backend (CVE-2026-48713) and i18next-http-middleware (CVE-2026-48714). This issue is fixed in version 26.3.4.
- Record
CVE-2026-63402- CVSS 3.1
- 5.9 Medium
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-1321, CWE-471
- Updated
- 2026-11-05
OSVDEBIAN-CVE-2026-63402
5.9
i18next is an internationalization framework for JavaScript. Prior to version 26.3.4, deepExtend in src/utils.js checks property existence with the in operator and recurses into inherited built-ins reached through Object.prototype. An application must explicitly pass attacker-controlled resource data to addResourceBundle(lng, ns, data, deep, overwrite) with both deep: true and overwrite: true. Source keys such as hasOwnProperty, toString and valueOf can then select shared inherited built-in function objects, and a nested value can overwrite a property of those objects process-wide. For example, making Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call non-callable causes subsequent uses, including i18next internals, to throw TypeError, resulting in unrecoverable denial of service and limited integrity impact. The __proto__/constructor guard does not prevent this mechanism because the corruption target is an inherited built-in function rather than the prototype object itself. Default calls without deep merging or with overwrite falsy are unaffected, and no standard i18next backend or integration uses the vulnerable configuration. This issue is distinct from the setPath/key-walking prototype-pollution flaws in i18next-fs-backend (CVE-2026-48713) and i18next-http-middleware (CVE-2026-48714). This issue is fixed in version 26.3.4.
- Record
DEBIAN-CVE-2026-63402- CVSS 3.1
- 5.9 Medium
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H - Updated
- 2026-11-05
OSVUBUNTU-CVE-2026-63402
5.9
i18next is an internationalization framework for JavaScript. Prior to version 26.3.4, deepExtend in src/utils.js checks property existence with the in operator and recurses into inherited built-ins reached through Object.prototype. An application must explicitly pass attacker-controlled resource data to addResourceBundle(lng, ns, data, deep, overwrite) with both deep: true and overwrite: true. Source keys such as hasOwnProperty, toString and valueOf can then select shared inherited built-in function objects, and a nested value can overwrite a property of those objects process-wide. For example, making Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call non-callable causes subsequent uses, including i18next internals, to throw TypeError, resulting in unrecoverable denial of service and limited integrity impact. The __proto__/constructor guard does not prevent this mechanism because the corruption target is an inherited built-in function rather than the prototype object itself. Default calls without deep merging or with overwrite falsy are unaffected, and no standard i18next backend or integration uses the vulnerable configuration. This issue is distinct from the setPath/key-walking prototype-pollution flaws in i18next-fs-backend (CVE-2026-48713) and i18next-http-middleware (CVE-2026-48714). This issue is fixed in version 26.3.4.
- Record
UBUNTU-CVE-2026-63402- CVSS 3.1
- 5.9 Medium
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H - Updated
- 2026-11-05
Affected products
Affected packages
| Package | Affected | Fixed |
|---|---|---|
node-i18nextDebian:12 |
All versions, plus listed versions 22.4.8-123.7.6-123.7.6-226.7.1-1 |
None known |
node-i18nextDebian:13 |
All versions, plus listed versions 23.7.6-123.7.6-226.7.1-1 |
None known |
node-i18nextDebian:14 |
All versions, plus listed versions 23.7.6-123.7.6-226.7.1-1 |
None known |
node-i18nextUbuntu:20.04:LTS |
All versions, plus listed versions 17.0.18-119.0.1+dfsg-119.0.2+dfsg-1 |
None known |
node-i18nextUbuntu:22.04:LTS |
All versions, plus listed versions 19.8.4+dfsg-121.3.2+dfsg-121.6.4+dfsg-121.6.10+dfsg-121.6.11+dfsg-1 |
None known |
node-i18nextUbuntu:24.04:LTS |
All versions, plus listed versions 22.4.8-123.7.6-123.7.6-1build2 |
None known |
node-i18nextUbuntu:26.10 |
All versions, plus listed versions 23.7.6-1build2 |
None known |
node-i18nextUbuntu:26.04:LTS |
All versions, plus listed versions 23.7.6-1build2 |
None known |
History
| Recorded | Changed | Sources |
|---|---|---|
| affected | OSV | |
| references | CVE List, EUVD, NVD | |
| affected, aliases, references | OSV | |
| facts | NVD, OSV | |
| first indexed | CVE List, EUVD, NVD, OSV |
Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.
In short
CVE-2026-63402 is a medium vulnerability (CVSS 5.9) in I18next, published October 30, 2026. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.26%, the 18th percentile. No source names a fixed version.
References
github.com/i18next/i18next/security/advisories/GHSA-6jcc-5g8w-32mx
github.com/i18next/i18next/commit/642137b7786d83661ec3ee53027798dc4b81d30a
github.com/i18next/i18next/tree/v26.3.4
github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/63xxx/CVE-2026-63402.json
nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-63402
security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2026-63402
ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-63402
cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-63402