CVE-2026-72769
n8n before 1.123.67 Prototype Pollution via VM Expression Engine
n8n before 1.123.67, 2.31.5, and 2.32.1 contains a prototype pollution vulnerability in the VM expression engine. An authenticated user able to create or edit a workflow expression can abuse the engine's array-element access to obtain a reference to a host built-in and pollute its prototype in the main n8n process (a sandbox escape), leading to a denial of service. Both self-hosted and cloud instances running the VM expression engine are affected.
Attack profile
How easy it is to exploit
- Attack vector
- Network
- Complexity
- Low
- Privileges needed
- Low
- User interaction
- None
What an attacker can affect
- Confidentiality
- None
- Integrity
- High
- Availability
- High
Exploit likelihood
What each source reports
CVE List Score used
n8n before 1.123.67 Prototype Pollution via VM Expression Engine
n8n before 1.123.67, 2.31.5, and 2.32.1 contains a prototype pollution vulnerability in the VM expression engine. An authenticated user able to create or edit a workflow expression can abuse the engine's array-element access to obtain a reference to a host built-in and pollute its prototype in the main n8n process (a sandbox escape), leading to a denial of service. Both self-hosted and cloud instances running the VM expression engine are affected.
- Record
CVE-2026-72769- CVSS 4.0
- 6.1 Medium
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N - Weakness
- CWE-1321
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2026-56095
n8n before 1.123.67, 2.31.5, and 2.32.1 contains a prototype pollution vulnerability in the VM expression engine. An authenticated user able to create or edit a workflow expression can abuse the engine's array-element access to obtain a reference to a host built-in and pollute its prototype in the main n8n process (a sandbox escape), leading to a denial of service. Both self-hosted and cloud instances running the VM expression engine are affected.
- Record
EUVD-2026-56095- CVSS 4.0
- 6.1 Medium
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N - Updated
- 2026-11-02
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-83p6-2p5w-42rc
n8n before 1.123.67, 2.31.5, and 2.32.1 contains a prototype pollution vulnerability in the VM...
n8n before 1.123.67, 2.31.5, and 2.32.1 contains a prototype pollution vulnerability in the VM expression engine. An authenticated user able to create or edit a workflow expression can abuse the engine's array-element access to obtain a reference to a host built-in and pollute its prototype in the main n8n process (a sandbox escape), leading to a denial of service. Both self-hosted and cloud instances running the VM expression engine are affected.
- Record
GHSA-83p6-2p5w-42rc- CVSS 4.0
- 6.1 Medium
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X - CVSS 3.1
- 8.1 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-1321
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-hx4h-vr3m-45vh
n8n: Prototype Pollution via VM Expression Engine Sandbox Escape Leads to Denial of Service
Impact
An authenticated user able to create or edit a workflow expression could abuse the expression engine's array-element access to obtain a reference to a host built-in and pollute its prototype in the main n8n process, leading to a denial of service.
Both self-hosted and cloud instances running the VM expression engine are affected.
Patches
The issue has been fixed in n8n versions 1.123.67, 2.31.5, and 2.32.1. Users should upgrade to one of these versions or later to remediate the vulnerability.
Workarounds
If upgrading is not immediately possible, administrators should consider the following temporary mitigations:
- Restrict n8n instance access to fully trusted users only.
- Disable the VM expression engine if an alternative is available for your deployment.
These workarounds do not fully remediate the risk and should only be used as short-term mitigation measures.
- Record
GHSA-hx4h-vr3m-45vh- CVSS 4.0
- 6.1 Medium
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N - Weakness
- CWE-1321
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
NVD
n8n before 1.123.67, 2.31.5, and 2.32.1 contains a prototype pollution vulnerability in the VM expression engine. An authenticated user able to create or edit a workflow expression can abuse the engine's array-element access to obtain a reference to a host built-in and pollute its prototype in the main n8n process (a sandbox escape), leading to a denial of service. Both self-hosted and cloud instances running the VM expression engine are affected.
- Record
CVE-2026-72769- CVSS 4.0
- 6.1 Medium
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X - CVSS 3.1
- 8.1 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-1321
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSV
n8n before 1.123.67 Prototype Pollution via VM Expression Engine
n8n before 1.123.67, 2.31.5, and 2.32.1 contains a prototype pollution vulnerability in the VM expression engine. An authenticated user able to create or edit a workflow expression can abuse the engine's array-element access to obtain a reference to a host built-in and pollute its prototype in the main n8n process (a sandbox escape), leading to a denial of service. Both self-hosted and cloud instances running the VM expression engine are affected.
- Record
CVE-2026-72769- CVSS 4.0
- 6.1 Medium
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N - Weakness
- CWE-1321
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVGHSA-hx4h-vr3m-45vh
n8n: Prototype Pollution via VM Expression Engine Sandbox Escape Leads to Denial of Service
Impact
An authenticated user able to create or edit a workflow expression could abuse the expression engine's array-element access to obtain a reference to a host built-in and pollute its prototype in the main n8n process, leading to a denial of service.
Both self-hosted and cloud instances running the VM expression engine are affected.
Patches
The issue has been fixed in n8n versions 1.123.67, 2.31.5, and 2.32.1. Users should upgrade to one of these versions or later to remediate the vulnerability.
Workarounds
If upgrading is not immediately possible, administrators should consider the following temporary mitigations:
- Restrict n8n instance access to fully trusted users only.
- Disable the VM expression engine if an alternative is available for your deployment.
These workarounds do not fully remediate the risk and should only be used as short-term mitigation measures.
- Record
GHSA-hx4h-vr3m-45vh- CVSS 4.0
- 6.1 Medium
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N - Weakness
- CWE-1321
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
Affected products
Affected packages
History
| Recorded | Changed | Sources |
|---|---|---|
| first indexed | CVE List, EUVD, GitHub Advisories, NVD, OSV |
Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.
In short
CVE-2026-72769 is a medium vulnerability (CVSS 6.1) in N8n, published July 22, 2026. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.51%, the 44th percentile. Fixed in n8n 1.123.67.
References
github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-hx4h-vr3m-45vh
vulncheck.com/advisories/n8n-before-prototype-pollution-via-vm-expression-engine
nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-72769