CVE-2026-80628

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ALSA: seq: oss: Serialize readq reset state with q->lock snd_seq_oss_readq_clear() resets qlen, head, and tail without q->lock even though the normal reader and producer paths serialize the same ring state under that spinlock. A reset can therefore race snd_seq_oss_readq_free() or snd_seq_oss_readq_put_event() and leave stale records in the queue, drop freshly queued ones, or report the wrong readiness after wakeup. KCSAN reports a data race between snd_seq_oss_readq_clear() and snd_seq_oss_readq_free(). Take q->lock while clearing the ring and resetting input_time. Factor the enqueue logic into a caller-locked helper so snd_seq_oss_readq_put_timestamp() updates its suppression state under the same lock instead of racing the reset path. The buggy scenario involves two paths, with each column showing the order within that path: reset path: locked readq updater: 1. snd_seq_oss_reset() or 1. A reader or callback producer release reaches takes q->lock on the same queue. snd_seq_oss_readq_clear(). 2. snd_seq_oss_readq_clear() 2. The updater tests or modifies resets qlen, head, tail, qlen, head, and tail. and input_time. 3. snd_seq_oss_readq_clear() 3. The updater completes its wakes sleepers on read-modify-write sequence. q->midi_sleep. 4. Without q->lock, the reset 4. The resulting ring state drives can overlap the locked later reads and readiness. update. KCSAN reports: BUG: KCSAN: data-race in snd_seq_oss_readq_clear / snd_seq_oss_readq_free write to 0xffff8881069fe608 of 4 bytes by task 120516 on cpu 0: snd_seq_oss_readq_free+0x6c/0x80 snd_seq_oss_read+0xcb/0x250 odev_read+0x38/0x60 vfs_read+0xff/0x600 ksys_read+0xb4/0x140 __x64_sys_read+0x46/0x60 do_syscall_64+0xbb/0x2f0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f read to 0xffff8881069fe608 of 4 bytes by task 120517 on cpu 1: snd_seq_oss_readq_clear+0x1f/0x90 snd_seq_oss_reset+0xa7/0xf0 snd_seq_oss_ioctl+0x6f6/0x7e0 odev_ioctl+0x56/0xc0 __x64_sys_ioctl+0xd1/0x120 do_syscall_64+0xbb/0x2f0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f value changed: 0x00000001 -> 0x00000000

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ALSA: seq: oss: Serialize readq reset state with q->lock snd_seq_oss_readq_clear() resets qlen, head, and tail without q->lock even though the normal reader and producer paths serialize the same ring state under that spinlock. A reset can therefore race snd_seq_oss_readq_free() or snd_seq_oss_readq_put_event() and leave stale records in the queue, drop freshly queued ones, or report the wrong readiness after wakeup. KCSAN reports a data race between snd_seq_oss_readq_clear() and snd_seq_oss_readq_free(). Take q->lock while clearing the ring and resetting input_time. Factor the enqueue logic into a caller-locked helper so snd_seq_oss_readq_put_timestamp() updates its suppression state under the same lock instead of racing the reset path. The buggy scenario involves two paths, with each column showing the order within that path: reset path: locked readq updater: 1. snd_seq_oss_reset() or 1. A reader or callback producer release reaches takes q->lock on the same queue. snd_seq_oss_readq_clear(). 2. snd_seq_oss_readq_clear() 2. The updater tests or modifies resets qlen, head, tail, qlen, head, and tail. and input_time. 3. snd_seq_oss_readq_clear() 3. The updater completes its wakes sleepers on read-modify-write sequence. q->midi_sleep. 4. Without q->lock, the reset 4. The resulting ring state drives can overlap the locked later reads and readiness. update. KCSAN reports: BUG: KCSAN: data-race in snd_seq_oss_readq_clear / snd_seq_oss_readq_free write to 0xffff8881069fe608 of 4 bytes by task 120516 on cpu 0: snd_seq_oss_readq_free+0x6c/0x80 snd_seq_oss_read+0xcb/0x250 odev_read+0x38/0x60 vfs_read+0xff/0x600 ksys_read+0xb4/0x140 __x64_sys_read+0x46/0x60 do_syscall_64+0xbb/0x2f0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f read to 0xffff8881069fe608 of 4 bytes by task 120517 on cpu 1: snd_seq_oss_readq_clear+0x1f/0x90 snd_seq_oss_reset+0xa7/0xf0 snd_seq_oss_ioctl+0x6f6/0x7e0 odev_ioctl+0x56/0xc0 __x64_sys_ioctl+0xd1/0x120 do_syscall_64+0xbb/0x2f0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f value changed: 0x00000001 -> 0x00000000

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ALSA: seq: oss: Serialize readq reset state with q->lock

snd_seq_oss_readq_clear() resets qlen, head, and tail without q->lock even though the normal reader and producer paths serialize the same ring state under that spinlock. A reset can therefore race snd_seq_oss_readq_free() or snd_seq_oss_readq_put_event() and leave stale records in the queue, drop freshly queued ones, or report the wrong readiness after wakeup. KCSAN reports a data race between snd_seq_oss_readq_clear() and snd_seq_oss_readq_free().

Take q->lock while clearing the ring and resetting input_time. Factor the enqueue logic into a caller-locked helper so snd_seq_oss_readq_put_timestamp() updates its suppression state under the same lock instead of racing the reset path.

The buggy scenario involves two paths, with each column showing the order within that path:

reset path: locked readq updater:

1. snd_seq_oss_reset() or 1. A reader or callback producer release reaches takes q->lock on the same queue. snd_seq_oss_readq_clear().
2. snd_seq_oss_readq_clear() 2. The updater tests or modifies resets qlen, head, tail, qlen, head, and tail. and input_time.
3. snd_seq_oss_readq_clear() 3. The updater completes its wakes sleepers on read-modify-write sequence. q->midi_sleep.
4. Without q->lock, the reset 4. The resulting ring state drives can overlap the locked later reads and readiness. update.

KCSAN reports:

BUG: KCSAN: data-race in snd_seq_oss_readq_clear / snd_seq_oss_readq_free

write to 0xffff8881069fe608 of 4 bytes by task 120516 on cpu 0: snd_seq_oss_readq_free+0x6c/0x80 snd_seq_oss_read+0xcb/0x250 odev_read+0x38/0x60 vfs_read+0xff/0x600 ksys_read+0xb4/0x140 __x64_sys_read+0x46/0x60 do_syscall_64+0xbb/0x2f0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f

read to 0xffff8881069fe608 of 4 bytes by task 120517 on cpu 1: snd_seq_oss_readq_clear+0x1f/0x90 snd_seq_oss_reset+0xa7/0xf0 snd_seq_oss_ioctl+0x6f6/0x7e0 odev_ioctl+0x56/0xc0 __x64_sys_ioctl+0xd1/0x120 do_syscall_64+0xbb/0x2f0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f

value changed: 0x00000001 -> 0x00000000

• Input: synaptics-rmi4 - bound the F30 keymap to the GPIO/LED count {CVE-2026-64276}
• media: av7110: prevent underflow in write_ts_to_decoder() {CVE-2023-54284}
• usb: usbtmc: check URB actual_length for interrupt-IN notifications {CVE-2026-63904}
• usb: usbfs: fix use-after-free of usb_device in usbdev_release() {CVE-2026-80824}
• HID: alps: fix use-after-free on input2 registration failure {CVE-2026-98501}
• scsi: lpfc: Fix ioremap issues in lpfc_sli4_pci_mem_setup() {CVE-2023-53754}
• net: atl1: fix soft lockup on out-of-range cmb_tpd_next_to_clean read {CVE-2026-98494}
• net: atl1e: fix soft lockup on out-of-range hw_next_to_clean read {CVE-2026-98488}
• net: atl1c: fix soft lockup on out-of-range tpd_cons read {CVE-2026-98489}
• net: ena: fix MMIO read buffer leak on probe failure {CVE-2026-98486}
• HID: wacom: Fix OOB write in wacom_hid_set_device_mode() {CVE-2026-63916}
• net/mlx5: E-Switch: fix use-after-free in mlx5_eswitch_termtbl_put {CVE-2026-98015}
• RDMA/srp: Do not call scsi_done() from srp_abort() {CVE-2023-52515}
• net: usb: kalmia: bound RX frame length in kalmia_rx_fixup() {CVE-2026-64351}
• dm: fix a buffer overflow in ioctl processing {CVE-2026-46294}
• ext4: fix dirtyclusters double decrement on fs shutdown {CVE-2026-45920}
• NFSv4/flexfiles: reject zero filehandle version count {CVE-2026-53392}
• btrfs: fix race when deleting free space root from the dirty cow roots list {CVE-2023-54067}
• libnvdimm/labels: Prevent integer overflow in __nd_label_validate() {CVE-2026-89559}
• nvdimm/btt: reject an arena whose nfree is below the lane count {CVE-2026-89965}
• NFSv4.2: fix LAYOUTSTATS send buffer exhaustion {CVE-2026-90103}
• vsock/vmci: fix UAF when peer resets connection during handshake {CVE-2026-64115}
• ip6: vti: Use ip6_tnl.net in vti6_siocdevprivate(). {CVE-2026-63921}
• net/sched: act_tunnel_key: Defer dst_release to RCU callback {CVE-2026-68377}
• RDMA/srp: fix heap information leak on a truncated SRP_CRED_REQ {CVE-2026-90307}
• ALSA: usbusx2y: validate URB actual_length in interrupt callback {CVE-2026-97929}
• ALSA: usbusx2y: fix in04_last array size mismatch with in04_buf {CVE-2026-97930}
• udf: Mark LVID buffer as uptodate before marking it dirty {CVE-2026-93140}
• PCI/proc: Use file_ns_capable() when checking config space read access {CVE-2026-93206}
• wifi: iwlwifi: mvm: validate TX_CMD response layout {CVE-2026-93793}
• smb: client: honor forceuid/forcegid when mapping SIDs to uid/gid {CVE-2026-97561}
• wifi: brcmfmac: fix P2P action frame handling without device vif {CVE-2026-90345}
• IB/isert: post the full-feature receive buffers after session registration {CVE-2026-90293}
• IB/isert: delay the final Login Response until the session is registered {CVE-2026-90294}
• NFSv4: remove callback IDR entry on client allocation failure {CVE-2026-90151}
• sunrpc: xprtsock: annotate shared socket callbacks with READ_ONCE/WRITE_ONCE {CVE-2026-90235}
• RDMA/core: Reject unregistering netdevs in ib_get_eth_speed {CVE-2026-98359}
• ipv6: mcast: use rcu_assign_pointer() for __rcu list updates {CVE-2026-98099}
• wifi: cfg80211: reject duplicate wiphy cipher suite entries {CVE-2026-97518}
• IB/iser: reject a remote invalidation of an unregistered direction {CVE-2026-98358}
• ext4: validate readdir offset before accessing dirent {CVE-2026-92499}
• mtd: part: reject MTDPART_OFS_RETAIN in mtd_add_partition() {CVE-2026-93048}
• misc: sgi-gru: remove interrupt-context page-table walks {CVE-2026-90383}
• ACPI: bus: Introduce acpi_bus_get_primary_device() {CVE-2026-93251}
• scsi: qla2xxx: Hold vport reference in qla24xx_report_id_acquisition() {CVE-2026-89861}
• smb: client: reject a tree connect response whose byte count is too small {CVE-2026-89631}
• tcp: clamp route advmss to TCP_MIN_MSS {CVE-2026-80847}
• fsnotify: Fix stale object mask after concurrent mark updates {CVE-2026-89595}
• smb: client: clear setuid/setgid bit on write with cifsacl/modefromsid/posix extensions {CVE-2026-89638}
• sunrpc: init…

• Input: synaptics-rmi4 - bound the F30 keymap to the GPIO/LED count {CVE-2026-64276}
• media: av7110: prevent underflow in write_ts_to_decoder() {CVE-2023-54284}
• usb: usbtmc: check URB actual_length for interrupt-IN notifications {CVE-2026-63904}
• usb: usbfs: fix use-after-free of usb_device in usbdev_release() {CVE-2026-80824}
• HID: alps: fix use-after-free on input2 registration failure {CVE-2026-98501}
• scsi: lpfc: Fix ioremap issues in lpfc_sli4_pci_mem_setup() {CVE-2023-53754}
• net: atl1: fix soft lockup on out-of-range cmb_tpd_next_to_clean read {CVE-2026-98494}
• net: atl1e: fix soft lockup on out-of-range hw_next_to_clean read {CVE-2026-98488}
• net: atl1c: fix soft lockup on out-of-range tpd_cons read {CVE-2026-98489}
• net: ena: fix MMIO read buffer leak on probe failure {CVE-2026-98486}
• HID: wacom: Fix OOB write in wacom_hid_set_device_mode() {CVE-2026-63916}
• net/mlx5: E-Switch: fix use-after-free in mlx5_eswitch_termtbl_put {CVE-2026-98015}
• RDMA/srp: Do not call scsi_done() from srp_abort() {CVE-2023-52515}
• net: usb: kalmia: bound RX frame length in kalmia_rx_fixup() {CVE-2026-64351}
• dm: fix a buffer overflow in ioctl processing {CVE-2026-46294}
• ext4: fix dirtyclusters double decrement on fs shutdown {CVE-2026-45920}
• NFSv4/flexfiles: reject zero filehandle version count {CVE-2026-53392}
• btrfs: fix race when deleting free space root from the dirty cow roots list {CVE-2023-54067}
• libnvdimm/labels: Prevent integer overflow in __nd_label_validate() {CVE-2026-89559}
• nvdimm/btt: reject an arena whose nfree is below the lane count {CVE-2026-89965}
• NFSv4.2: fix LAYOUTSTATS send buffer exhaustion {CVE-2026-90103}
• vsock/vmci: fix UAF when peer resets connection during handshake {CVE-2026-64115}
• ip6: vti: Use ip6_tnl.net in vti6_siocdevprivate(). {CVE-2026-63921}
• net/sched: act_tunnel_key: Defer dst_release to RCU callback {CVE-2026-68377}
• RDMA/srp: fix heap information leak on a truncated SRP_CRED_REQ {CVE-2026-90307}
• ALSA: usbusx2y: validate URB actual_length in interrupt callback {CVE-2026-97929}
• ALSA: usbusx2y: fix in04_last array size mismatch with in04_buf {CVE-2026-97930}
• udf: Mark LVID buffer as uptodate before marking it dirty {CVE-2026-93140}
• PCI/proc: Use file_ns_capable() when checking config space read access {CVE-2026-93206}
• wifi: iwlwifi: mvm: validate TX_CMD response layout {CVE-2026-93793}
• smb: client: honor forceuid/forcegid when mapping SIDs to uid/gid {CVE-2026-97561}
• wifi: brcmfmac: fix P2P action frame handling without device vif {CVE-2026-90345}
• IB/isert: post the full-feature receive buffers after session registration {CVE-2026-90293}
• IB/isert: delay the final Login Response until the session is registered {CVE-2026-90294}
• NFSv4: remove callback IDR entry on client allocation failure {CVE-2026-90151}
• sunrpc: xprtsock: annotate shared socket callbacks with READ_ONCE/WRITE_ONCE {CVE-2026-90235}
• RDMA/core: Reject unregistering netdevs in ib_get_eth_speed {CVE-2026-98359}
• ipv6: mcast: use rcu_assign_pointer() for __rcu list updates {CVE-2026-98099}
• wifi: cfg80211: reject duplicate wiphy cipher suite entries {CVE-2026-97518}
• IB/iser: reject a remote invalidation of an unregistered direction {CVE-2026-98358}
• ext4: validate readdir offset before accessing dirent {CVE-2026-92499}
• mtd: part: reject MTDPART_OFS_RETAIN in mtd_add_partition() {CVE-2026-93048}
• misc: sgi-gru: remove interrupt-context page-table walks {CVE-2026-90383}
• ACPI: bus: Introduce acpi_bus_get_primary_device() {CVE-2026-93251}
• scsi: qla2xxx: Hold vport reference in qla24xx_report_id_acquisition() {CVE-2026-89861}
• smb: client: reject a tree connect response whose byte count is too small {CVE-2026-89631}
• tcp: clamp route advmss to TCP_MIN_MSS {CVE-2026-80847}
• fsnotify: Fix stale object mask after concurrent mark updates {CVE-2026-89595}
• smb: client: clear setuid/setgid bit on write with cifsacl/modefromsid/posix extensions {CVE-2026-89638}
• sunrpc: init…

It was discovered that some AMD processors did not properly perform Reverse Map Table (RMP) checks when the IOMMU accessed certain host buffers. A local attacker with hypervisor access could possibly use this to trigger an out-of-bounds condition and compromise the integrity of SEV-SNP guest memory. (CVE-2023-20585)

Several security issues were discovered in the Linux kernel. An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system. This update corrects flaws in the following subsystems:

• ARM64 architecture;
• NVDIMM (Non-Volatile Memory Device) drivers;
• Handshake API;
• ARM32 architecture;
• MIPS architecture;
• OpenRISC architecture;
• PowerPC architecture;
• RISC-V architecture;
• S390 architecture;
• x86 architecture;
• Cryptographic API;
• Compute Acceleration Framework;
• Intel NPU Driver;
• ACPI drivers;
• Android drivers;
• Serial ATA and Parallel ATA drivers;
• Drivers core;
• Rados block device (RBD) driver;
• Ublk userspace block driver;
• Bluetooth drivers;
• Cdrom driver;
• Character device driver;
• TPM device driver;
• Data acquisition framework and drivers;
• Hardware crypto device drivers;
• CXL (Compute Express Link) drivers;
• DAX dirext access to differentiated memory framework;
• DIBS (Direct Internal Buffer Sharing) drivers;
• Buffer Sharing and Synchronization framework;
• DMA engine subsystem;
• DPLL subsystem;
• EDAC drivers;
• FireWire subsystem;
• Arm Firmware Framework for ARMv8-A(FFA);
• ARM SCMI message protocol;
• Intel Stratix 10 firmware drivers;
• FPGA Framework;
• GPIB drivers;
• GPIO subsystem;
• GPU drivers;
• HID subsystem;
• Microsoft Hyper-V drivers;
• Hardware monitoring drivers;
• CoreSight HW tracing drivers;
• Intel Trace Hub HW tracing drivers;
• I2C subsystem;
• I3C subsystem;
• IIO subsystem;
• IIO ADC drivers;
• IIO Magnetometer sensors drivers;
• InfiniBand drivers;
• Input Device (Miscellaneous) drivers;
• IOMMU subsystem;
• IRQ chip drivers;
• LED subsystem;
• Mailbox framework;
• Multiple devices driver;
• Media drivers;
• MemoryStick subsystem;
• Multifunction device drivers;
• Intel Management Engine Interface driver;
• Amazon Nitro Secure Module driver;
• MMC subsystem;
• MTD block device drivers;
• Network drivers;
• Ethernet bonding driver;
• Mellanox network drivers;
• Microsoft Azure Network Adapter (MANA) driver;
• Texas Instruments network drivers;
• MediaTek network drivers;
• NTB driver;
• NVME drivers;
• Device tree and open firmware driver;
• Operating Performance Points (OPP) driver;
• PCI subsystem;
• Pin controllers subsystem;
• x86 platform drivers;
• i.MX PM domains;
• MediaTek PM domains;
• Power supply drivers;
• PTP clock framework;
• RapidIO drivers;
• Voltage and Current Regulator drivers;
• Remote Processor subsystem;
• MPAM driver;
• Reset controller framework;
• Real Time Clock drivers;
• S/390 drivers;
• SCSI subsystem;
• Xilinx SoC drivers;
• SoundWire subsystem;
• SPI subsystem;
• Media staging drivers;
• Media Oriented Systems Transport (MOST) driver;
• NVIDIA Tegra embedded controller (NVEC) staging driver;
• Realtek RTL8723BS SDIO drivers;
• TTY drivers;
• UFS subsystem;
• USB DSL drivers;
• USB core drivers;
• DesignWare USB3 driver;
• USB Gadget drivers;
• USB Host Controller drivers;
• USB Dual Role (OTG-ready) Controller drivers;
• USB Serial drivers;
• vDPA drivers;
• VFIO drivers;
• Virtio Host (VHOST) subsystem;
• Framebuffer layer;
• Virtio drivers;
• Watchdog drivers;
• Xen hypervisor drivers;
• 9P distributed file system;
• AFS file system;
• File systems infrastructure;
• BTRFS file system;
• Ceph distributed file system;
• Ext4 file system;
• F2FS file system;
• FUSE (File system in Userspace);
• Journaling layer for block devices (JBD2);
• Network file systems library;
• Network…

It was discovered that some AMD processors did not properly perform Reverse Map Table (RMP) checks when the IOMMU accessed certain host buffers. A local attacker with hypervisor access could possibly use this to trigger an out-of-bounds condition and compromise the integrity of SEV-SNP guest memory. (CVE-2023-20585)

Several security issues were discovered in the Linux kernel. An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system. This update corrects flaws in the following subsystems:

• ARM64 architecture;
• NVDIMM (Non-Volatile Memory Device) drivers;
• Handshake API;
• ARM32 architecture;
• MIPS architecture;
• OpenRISC architecture;
• PowerPC architecture;
• RISC-V architecture;
• S390 architecture;
• x86 architecture;
• Cryptographic API;
• Compute Acceleration Framework;
• Intel NPU Driver;
• ACPI drivers;
• Android drivers;
• Serial ATA and Parallel ATA drivers;
• Drivers core;
• Rados block device (RBD) driver;
• Ublk userspace block driver;
• Bluetooth drivers;
• Cdrom driver;
• Character device driver;
• TPM device driver;
• Data acquisition framework and drivers;
• Hardware crypto device drivers;
• CXL (Compute Express Link) drivers;
• DAX dirext access to differentiated memory framework;
• DIBS (Direct Internal Buffer Sharing) drivers;
• Buffer Sharing and Synchronization framework;
• DMA engine subsystem;
• DPLL subsystem;
• EDAC drivers;
• FireWire subsystem;
• Arm Firmware Framework for ARMv8-A(FFA);
• ARM SCMI message protocol;
• Intel Stratix 10 firmware drivers;
• FPGA Framework;
• GPIB drivers;
• GPIO subsystem;
• GPU drivers;
• HID subsystem;
• Microsoft Hyper-V drivers;
• Hardware monitoring drivers;
• CoreSight HW tracing drivers;
• Intel Trace Hub HW tracing drivers;
• I2C subsystem;
• I3C subsystem;
• IIO subsystem;
• IIO ADC drivers;
• IIO Magnetometer sensors drivers;
• InfiniBand drivers;
• Input Device (Miscellaneous) drivers;
• IOMMU subsystem;
• IRQ chip drivers;
• LED subsystem;
• Mailbox framework;
• Multiple devices driver;
• Media drivers;
• MemoryStick subsystem;
• Multifunction device drivers;
• Intel Management Engine Interface driver;
• Amazon Nitro Secure Module driver;
• MMC subsystem;
• MTD block device drivers;
• Network drivers;
• Ethernet bonding driver;
• Mellanox network drivers;
• Microsoft Azure Network Adapter (MANA) driver;
• Texas Instruments network drivers;
• MediaTek network drivers;
• NTB driver;
• NVME drivers;
• Device tree and open firmware driver;
• Operating Performance Points (OPP) driver;
• PCI subsystem;
• Pin controllers subsystem;
• x86 platform drivers;
• i.MX PM domains;
• MediaTek PM domains;
• Power supply drivers;
• PTP clock framework;
• RapidIO drivers;
• Voltage and Current Regulator drivers;
• Remote Processor subsystem;
• MPAM driver;
• Reset controller framework;
• Real Time Clock drivers;
• S/390 drivers;
• SCSI subsystem;
• Xilinx SoC drivers;
• SoundWire subsystem;
• SPI subsystem;
• Media staging drivers;
• Media Oriented Systems Transport (MOST) driver;
• NVIDIA Tegra embedded controller (NVEC) staging driver;
• Realtek RTL8723BS SDIO drivers;
• TTY drivers;
• UFS subsystem;
• USB DSL drivers;
• USB core drivers;
• DesignWare USB3 driver;
• USB Gadget drivers;
• USB Host Controller drivers;
• USB Dual Role (OTG-ready) Controller drivers;
• USB Serial drivers;
• vDPA drivers;
• VFIO drivers;
• Virtio Host (VHOST) subsystem;
• Framebuffer layer;
• Virtio drivers;
• Watchdog drivers;
• Xen hypervisor drivers;
• 9P distributed file system;
• AFS file system;
• File systems infrastructure;
• BTRFS file system;
• Ceph distributed file system;
• Ext4 file system;
• F2FS file system;
• FUSE (File system in Userspace);
• Journaling layer for block devices (JBD2);
• Network file systems library;
• Network…

It was discovered that some AMD processors did not properly perform Reverse Map Table (RMP) checks when the IOMMU accessed certain host buffers. A local attacker with hypervisor access could possibly use this to trigger an out-of-bounds condition and compromise the integrity of SEV-SNP guest memory. (CVE-2023-20585)

Several security issues were discovered in the Linux kernel. An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system. This update corrects flaws in the following subsystems:

• ARM64 architecture;
• NVDIMM (Non-Volatile Memory Device) drivers;
• Handshake API;
• ARM32 architecture;
• MIPS architecture;
• OpenRISC architecture;
• PowerPC architecture;
• RISC-V architecture;
• S390 architecture;
• x86 architecture;
• Cryptographic API;
• Compute Acceleration Framework;
• Intel NPU Driver;
• ACPI drivers;
• Android drivers;
• Serial ATA and Parallel ATA drivers;
• Drivers core;
• Rados block device (RBD) driver;
• Ublk userspace block driver;
• Bluetooth drivers;
• Cdrom driver;
• Character device driver;
• TPM device driver;
• Data acquisition framework and drivers;
• Hardware crypto device drivers;
• CXL (Compute Express Link) drivers;
• DAX dirext access to differentiated memory framework;
• DIBS (Direct Internal Buffer Sharing) drivers;
• Buffer Sharing and Synchronization framework;
• DMA engine subsystem;
• DPLL subsystem;
• EDAC drivers;
• FireWire subsystem;
• Arm Firmware Framework for ARMv8-A(FFA);
• ARM SCMI message protocol;
• Intel Stratix 10 firmware drivers;
• FPGA Framework;
• GPIB drivers;
• GPIO subsystem;
• GPU drivers;
• HID subsystem;
• Microsoft Hyper-V drivers;
• Hardware monitoring drivers;
• CoreSight HW tracing drivers;
• Intel Trace Hub HW tracing drivers;
• I2C subsystem;
• I3C subsystem;
• IIO subsystem;
• IIO ADC drivers;
• IIO Magnetometer sensors drivers;
• InfiniBand drivers;
• Input Device (Miscellaneous) drivers;
• IOMMU subsystem;
• IRQ chip drivers;
• LED subsystem;
• Mailbox framework;
• Multiple devices driver;
• Media drivers;
• MemoryStick subsystem;
• Multifunction device drivers;
• Intel Management Engine Interface driver;
• Amazon Nitro Secure Module driver;
• MMC subsystem;
• MTD block device drivers;
• Network drivers;
• Ethernet bonding driver;
• Mellanox network drivers;
• Microsoft Azure Network Adapter (MANA) driver;
• Texas Instruments network drivers;
• MediaTek network drivers;
• NTB driver;
• NVME drivers;
• Device tree and open firmware driver;
• Operating Performance Points (OPP) driver;
• PCI subsystem;
• Pin controllers subsystem;
• x86 platform drivers;
• i.MX PM domains;
• MediaTek PM domains;
• Power supply drivers;
• PTP clock framework;
• RapidIO drivers;
• Voltage and Current Regulator drivers;
• Remote Processor subsystem;
• MPAM driver;
• Reset controller framework;
• Real Time Clock drivers;
• S/390 drivers;
• SCSI subsystem;
• Xilinx SoC drivers;
• SoundWire subsystem;
• SPI subsystem;
• Media staging drivers;
• Media Oriented Systems Transport (MOST) driver;
• NVIDIA Tegra embedded controller (NVEC) staging driver;
• Realtek RTL8723BS SDIO drivers;
• TTY drivers;
• UFS subsystem;
• USB DSL drivers;
• USB core drivers;
• DesignWare USB3 driver;
• USB Gadget drivers;
• USB Host Controller drivers;
• USB Dual Role (OTG-ready) Controller drivers;
• USB Serial drivers;
• vDPA drivers;
• VFIO drivers;
• Virtio Host (VHOST) subsystem;
• Framebuffer layer;
• Virtio drivers;
• Watchdog drivers;
• Xen hypervisor drivers;
• 9P distributed file system;
• AFS file system;
• File systems infrastructure;
• BTRFS file system;
• Ceph distributed file system;
• Ext4 file system;
• F2FS file system;
• FUSE (File system in Userspace);
• Journaling layer for block devices (JBD2);
• Network file systems library;
• Network…

It was discovered that some AMD processors did not properly perform Reverse Map Table (RMP) checks when the IOMMU accessed certain host buffers. A local attacker with hypervisor access could possibly use this to trigger an out-of-bounds condition and compromise the integrity of SEV-SNP guest memory. (CVE-2023-20585)

Several security issues were discovered in the Linux kernel. An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system. This update corrects flaws in the following subsystems:

• ARM64 architecture;
• NVDIMM (Non-Volatile Memory Device) drivers;
• Handshake API;
• ARM32 architecture;
• MIPS architecture;
• OpenRISC architecture;
• PowerPC architecture;
• RISC-V architecture;
• S390 architecture;
• x86 architecture;
• Cryptographic API;
• Compute Acceleration Framework;
• Intel NPU Driver;
• ACPI drivers;
• Android drivers;
• Serial ATA and Parallel ATA drivers;
• Drivers core;
• DRBD Distributed Replicated Block Device drivers;
• Rados block device (RBD) driver;
• Ublk userspace block driver;
• Bluetooth drivers;
• Cdrom driver;
• Character device driver;
• TPM device driver;
• Data acquisition framework and drivers;
• Hardware crypto device drivers;
• CXL (Compute Express Link) drivers;
• DAX dirext access to differentiated memory framework;
• DIBS (Direct Internal Buffer Sharing) drivers;
• Buffer Sharing and Synchronization framework;
• DMA engine subsystem;
• DPLL subsystem;
• EDAC drivers;
• FireWire subsystem;
• Arm Firmware Framework for ARMv8-A(FFA);
• ARM SCMI message protocol;
• Intel Stratix 10 firmware drivers;
• FPGA Framework;
• GPIB drivers;
• GPIO subsystem;
• GPU drivers;
• HID subsystem;
• Microsoft Hyper-V drivers;
• Hardware monitoring drivers;
• CoreSight HW tracing drivers;
• Intel Trace Hub HW tracing drivers;
• I2C subsystem;
• I3C subsystem;
• IIO subsystem;
• IIO ADC drivers;
• IIO Magnetometer sensors drivers;
• InfiniBand drivers;
• Input Device (Miscellaneous) drivers;
• IOMMU subsystem;
• IRQ chip drivers;
• LED subsystem;
• Mailbox framework;
• Multiple devices driver;
• Media drivers;
• MemoryStick subsystem;
• Multifunction device drivers;
• Intel Management Engine Interface driver;
• Amazon Nitro Secure Module driver;
• MMC subsystem;
• MTD block device drivers;
• Network drivers;
• Ethernet bonding driver;
• Mellanox network drivers;
• Microsoft Azure Network Adapter (MANA) driver;
• Texas Instruments network drivers;
• MediaTek network drivers;
• NTB driver;
• NVME drivers;
• Device tree and open firmware driver;
• Operating Performance Points (OPP) driver;
• PCI subsystem;
• Pin controllers subsystem;
• x86 platform drivers;
• i.MX PM domains;
• MediaTek PM domains;
• Power supply drivers;
• PTP clock framework;
• RapidIO drivers;
• Voltage and Current Regulator drivers;
• Remote Processor subsystem;
• MPAM driver;
• Reset controller framework;
• Real Time Clock drivers;
• S/390 drivers;
• SCSI subsystem;
• Xilinx SoC drivers;
• SoundWire subsystem;
• SPI subsystem;
• Media staging drivers;
• Media Oriented Systems Transport (MOST) driver;
• NVIDIA Tegra embedded controller (NVEC) staging driver;
• Realtek RTL8723BS SDIO drivers;
• TCM subsystem;
• TTY drivers;
• UFS subsystem;
• USB DSL drivers;
• USB core drivers;
• DesignWare USB3 driver;
• USB Gadget drivers;
• USB Host Controller drivers;
• USB Dual Role (OTG-ready) Controller drivers;
• USB Serial drivers;
• vDPA drivers;
• VFIO drivers;
• Virtio Host (VHOST) subsystem;
• Framebuffer layer;
• Virtio drivers;
• Watchdog drivers;
• Xen hypervisor drivers;
• 9P distributed file system;
• AFS file system;
• File systems infrastructure;
• BTRFS file system;
• Ceph distributed file system;
• Ext4 file system;
• F2FS file system;
• FUSE (File system in Userspace);
• Journaling layer…

It was discovered that some AMD processors did not properly perform Reverse Map Table (RMP) checks when the IOMMU accessed certain host buffers. A local attacker with hypervisor access could possibly use this to trigger an out-of-bounds condition and compromise the integrity of SEV-SNP guest memory. (CVE-2023-20585)

Several security issues were discovered in the Linux kernel. An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system. This update corrects flaws in the following subsystems:

• ARM64 architecture;
• NVDIMM (Non-Volatile Memory Device) drivers;
• Handshake API;
• ARM32 architecture;
• MIPS architecture;
• OpenRISC architecture;
• PowerPC architecture;
• RISC-V architecture;
• S390 architecture;
• x86 architecture;
• Cryptographic API;
• Compute Acceleration Framework;
• Intel NPU Driver;
• ACPI drivers;
• Android drivers;
• Serial ATA and Parallel ATA drivers;
• Drivers core;
• DRBD Distributed Replicated Block Device drivers;
• Rados block device (RBD) driver;
• Ublk userspace block driver;
• Bluetooth drivers;
• Cdrom driver;
• Character device driver;
• TPM device driver;
• Data acquisition framework and drivers;
• Hardware crypto device drivers;
• CXL (Compute Express Link) drivers;
• DAX dirext access to differentiated memory framework;
• DIBS (Direct Internal Buffer Sharing) drivers;
• Buffer Sharing and Synchronization framework;
• DMA engine subsystem;
• DPLL subsystem;
• EDAC drivers;
• FireWire subsystem;
• Arm Firmware Framework for ARMv8-A(FFA);
• ARM SCMI message protocol;
• Intel Stratix 10 firmware drivers;
• FPGA Framework;
• GPIB drivers;
• GPIO subsystem;
• GPU drivers;
• HID subsystem;
• Microsoft Hyper-V drivers;
• Hardware monitoring drivers;
• CoreSight HW tracing drivers;
• Intel Trace Hub HW tracing drivers;
• I2C subsystem;
• I3C subsystem;
• IIO subsystem;
• IIO ADC drivers;
• IIO Magnetometer sensors drivers;
• InfiniBand drivers;
• Input Device (Miscellaneous) drivers;
• IOMMU subsystem;
• IRQ chip drivers;
• LED subsystem;
• Mailbox framework;
• Multiple devices driver;
• Media drivers;
• MemoryStick subsystem;
• Multifunction device drivers;
• Intel Management Engine Interface driver;
• Amazon Nitro Secure Module driver;
• MMC subsystem;
• MTD block device drivers;
• Network drivers;
• Ethernet bonding driver;
• Mellanox network drivers;
• Microsoft Azure Network Adapter (MANA) driver;
• Texas Instruments network drivers;
• MediaTek network drivers;
• NTB driver;
• NVME drivers;
• Device tree and open firmware driver;
• Operating Performance Points (OPP) driver;
• PCI subsystem;
• Pin controllers subsystem;
• x86 platform drivers;
• i.MX PM domains;
• MediaTek PM domains;
• Power supply drivers;
• PTP clock framework;
• RapidIO drivers;
• Voltage and Current Regulator drivers;
• Remote Processor subsystem;
• MPAM driver;
• Reset controller framework;
• Real Time Clock drivers;
• S/390 drivers;
• SCSI subsystem;
• Xilinx SoC drivers;
• SoundWire subsystem;
• SPI subsystem;
• Media staging drivers;
• Media Oriented Systems Transport (MOST) driver;
• NVIDIA Tegra embedded controller (NVEC) staging driver;
• Realtek RTL8723BS SDIO drivers;
• TCM subsystem;
• TTY drivers;
• UFS subsystem;
• USB DSL drivers;
• USB core drivers;
• DesignWare USB3 driver;
• USB Gadget drivers;
• USB Host Controller drivers;
• USB Dual Role (OTG-ready) Controller drivers;
• USB Serial drivers;
• vDPA drivers;
• VFIO drivers;
• Virtio Host (VHOST) subsystem;
• Framebuffer layer;
• Virtio drivers;
• Watchdog drivers;
• Xen hypervisor drivers;
• 9P distributed file system;
• AFS file system;
• File systems infrastructure;
• BTRFS file system;
• Ceph distributed file system;
• Ext4 file system;
• F2FS file system;
• FUSE (File system in Userspace);
• Journaling layer…

It was discovered that some AMD processors did not properly perform Reverse Map Table (RMP) checks when the IOMMU accessed certain host buffers. A local attacker with hypervisor access could possibly use this to trigger an out-of-bounds condition and compromise the integrity of SEV-SNP guest memory. (CVE-2023-20585)

Several security issues were discovered in the Linux kernel. An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system. This update corrects flaws in the following subsystems:

• ARM64 architecture;
• NVDIMM (Non-Volatile Memory Device) drivers;
• Handshake API;
• ARM32 architecture;
• MIPS architecture;
• OpenRISC architecture;
• PowerPC architecture;
• RISC-V architecture;
• S390 architecture;
• x86 architecture;
• Cryptographic API;
• Compute Acceleration Framework;
• Intel NPU Driver;
• ACPI drivers;
• Android drivers;
• Serial ATA and Parallel ATA drivers;
• Drivers core;
• Rados block device (RBD) driver;
• Ublk userspace block driver;
• Bluetooth drivers;
• Cdrom driver;
• Character device driver;
• TPM device driver;
• Data acquisition framework and drivers;
• Hardware crypto device drivers;
• CXL (Compute Express Link) drivers;
• DAX dirext access to differentiated memory framework;
• DIBS (Direct Internal Buffer Sharing) drivers;
• Buffer Sharing and Synchronization framework;
• DMA engine subsystem;
• DPLL subsystem;
• EDAC drivers;
• FireWire subsystem;
• Arm Firmware Framework for ARMv8-A(FFA);
• ARM SCMI message protocol;
• Intel Stratix 10 firmware drivers;
• FPGA Framework;
• GPIB drivers;
• GPIO subsystem;
• GPU drivers;
• HID subsystem;
• Microsoft Hyper-V drivers;
• Hardware monitoring drivers;
• CoreSight HW tracing drivers;
• Intel Trace Hub HW tracing drivers;
• I2C subsystem;
• I3C subsystem;
• IIO subsystem;
• IIO ADC drivers;
• IIO Magnetometer sensors drivers;
• InfiniBand drivers;
• Input Device (Miscellaneous) drivers;
• IOMMU subsystem;
• IRQ chip drivers;
• LED subsystem;
• Mailbox framework;
• Multiple devices driver;
• Media drivers;
• MemoryStick subsystem;
• Multifunction device drivers;
• Intel Management Engine Interface driver;
• Amazon Nitro Secure Module driver;
• MMC subsystem;
• MTD block device drivers;
• Network drivers;
• Ethernet bonding driver;
• Mellanox network drivers;
• Microsoft Azure Network Adapter (MANA) driver;
• Texas Instruments network drivers;
• MediaTek network drivers;
• NTB driver;
• NVME drivers;
• Device tree and open firmware driver;
• Operating Performance Points (OPP) driver;
• PCI subsystem;
• Pin controllers subsystem;
• x86 platform drivers;
• i.MX PM domains;
• MediaTek PM domains;
• Power supply drivers;
• PTP clock framework;
• RapidIO drivers;
• Voltage and Current Regulator drivers;
• Remote Processor subsystem;
• MPAM driver;
• Reset controller framework;
• Real Time Clock drivers;
• S/390 drivers;
• SCSI subsystem;
• Xilinx SoC drivers;
• SoundWire subsystem;
• SPI subsystem;
• Media staging drivers;
• Media Oriented Systems Transport (MOST) driver;
• NVIDIA Tegra embedded controller (NVEC) staging driver;
• Realtek RTL8723BS SDIO drivers;
• TTY drivers;
• UFS subsystem;
• USB DSL drivers;
• USB core drivers;
• DesignWare USB3 driver;
• USB Gadget drivers;
• USB Host Controller drivers;
• USB Dual Role (OTG-ready) Controller drivers;
• USB Serial drivers;
• vDPA drivers;
• VFIO drivers;
• Virtio Host (VHOST) subsystem;
• Framebuffer layer;
• Virtio drivers;
• Watchdog drivers;
• Xen hypervisor drivers;
• 9P distributed file system;
• AFS file system;
• File systems infrastructure;
• BTRFS file system;
• Ceph distributed file system;
• Ext4 file system;
• F2FS file system;
• FUSE (File system in Userspace);
• Journaling layer for block devices (JBD2);
• Network file systems library;
• Network…

It was discovered that the io_uring subsystem in the Linux kernel did not properly handle canceled task work when processing certain wait operations, leading to the operation being performed in the wrong task context. A local attacker could possibly use this to cause a denial of service (system crash). (CVE-2026-81010)

Several security issues were discovered in the Linux kernel. An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system. This update corrects flaws in the following subsystems:

• ARM32 architecture;
• ARM64 architecture;
• MIPS architecture;
• OpenRISC architecture;
• PowerPC architecture;
• RISC-V architecture;
• S390 architecture;
• x86 architecture;
• Intel NPU Driver;
• ACPI drivers;
• Serial ATA and Parallel ATA drivers;
• Auxiliary display drivers;
• Ublk userspace block driver;
• Bluetooth drivers;
• Character device driver;
• CPU idle management framework;
• Hardware crypto device drivers;
• CXL (Compute Express Link) drivers;
• ARM SCMI message protocol;
• GPIO subsystem;
• GPU drivers;
• HID subsystem;
• HSI subsystem;
• Hardware monitoring drivers;
• I2C subsystem;
• I3C subsystem;
• IIO subsystem;
• InfiniBand drivers;
• Input Device core drivers;
• On-Chip Interconnect management framework;
• IOMMU subsystem;
• Multiple devices driver;
• Media drivers;
• Fastrpc Driver;
• Amazon Nitro Secure Module driver;
• MMC subsystem;
• MTD block device drivers;
• Ethernet bonding driver;
• Network drivers;
• Microsoft Azure Network Adapter (MANA) driver;
• Texas Instruments network drivers;
• MediaTek network drivers;
• NTB driver;
• NVDIMM (Non-Volatile Memory Device) drivers;
• NVME drivers;
• NVMEM (Non Volatile Memory) drivers;
• PCI subsystem;
• Chrome hardware platform drivers;
• x86 platform drivers;
• Power supply drivers;
• RapidIO drivers;
• Voltage and Current Regulator drivers;
• S/390 drivers;
• SCSI subsystem;
• SLIMbus drivers;
• NVIDIA Tegra SoC drivers;
• Realtek RTL8723BS SDIO drivers;
• TCM subsystem;
• Trusted Execution Environment drivers;
• Thunderbolt and USB4 drivers;
• TTY drivers;
• USB Device Class drivers;
• Faraday FOTG210 USB2 dual-role controller driver;
• USB Gadget drivers;
• USB Host Controller drivers;
• Siemens ID Mouse USB driver;
• IOWarrior USB driver;
• LD Didactic USB driver;
• LEGO USB Tower driver;
• USB Serial drivers;
• USB Type-C support driver;
• USB Type-C Port Controller Manager driver;
• USB Type-C Connector System Software Interface driver;
• USB over IP driver;
• VFIO drivers;
• Framebuffer layer;
• W1 Dallas's 1-wire bus driver;
• AFS file system;
• BTRFS file system;
• Ceph distributed file system;
• eCrypt file system;
• File systems infrastructure;
• Ext4 file system;
• F2FS file system;
• FUSE (File system in Userspace);
• Network file system (NFS) server daemon;
• NILFS2 file system;
• NTFS3 file system;
• OCFS2 file system;
• OrangeFS file system;
• SMB network file system;
• UBI file system;
• Drivers core;
• Tracing infrastructure;
• KProbes tracing;
• Networking core;
• Netfilter;
• Sun RPC protocol;
• IPv6 networking;
• Bluetooth subsystem;
• IPv4 networking;
• IP tunnels definitions;
• SCTP protocol;
• User-space API (UAPI);
• IPC subsystem;
• Audit subsystem;
• BPF subsystem;
• DMA mapping infrastructure;
• Kernel futex primitives;
• Scheduler infrastructure;
• Signal handling mechanism;
• Memory management;
• 6LoWPAN network protocol;
• IEEE 802 network protocols;
• B.A.T.M.A.N. meshing protocol;
• Ethernet bridge;
• CAN network layer;
• Ceph Core library;
• Devlink API;
• HSR network protocol;
• IEEE802154.4 network protocol;
• IUCV driver;
• MAC80211 subsystem;
• Management Component Transport Protocol (MCTP);
• MultiProtocol Label Switching driver;
• Multipath TCP;
• NetLabel subsystem; …

It was discovered that some AMD processors did not properly perform Reverse Map Table (RMP) checks when the IOMMU accessed certain host buffers. A local attacker with hypervisor access could possibly use this to trigger an out-of-bounds condition and compromise the integrity of SEV-SNP guest memory. (CVE-2023-20585)

Several security issues were discovered in the Linux kernel. An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system. This update corrects flaws in the following subsystems:

• ARM64 architecture;
• NVDIMM (Non-Volatile Memory Device) drivers;
• Handshake API;
• ARM32 architecture;
• MIPS architecture;
• OpenRISC architecture;
• PowerPC architecture;
• RISC-V architecture;
• S390 architecture;
• x86 architecture;
• Cryptographic API;
• Compute Acceleration Framework;
• Intel NPU Driver;
• ACPI drivers;
• Android drivers;
• Serial ATA and Parallel ATA drivers;
• Drivers core;
• DRBD Distributed Replicated Block Device drivers;
• Rados block device (RBD) driver;
• Ublk userspace block driver;
• Bluetooth drivers;
• Cdrom driver;
• Character device driver;
• TPM device driver;
• Data acquisition framework and drivers;
• Hardware crypto device drivers;
• CXL (Compute Express Link) drivers;
• DAX dirext access to differentiated memory framework;
• DIBS (Direct Internal Buffer Sharing) drivers;
• Buffer Sharing and Synchronization framework;
• DMA engine subsystem;
• DPLL subsystem;
• EDAC drivers;
• FireWire subsystem;
• Arm Firmware Framework for ARMv8-A(FFA);
• ARM SCMI message protocol;
• Intel Stratix 10 firmware drivers;
• FPGA Framework;
• GPIB drivers;
• GPIO subsystem;
• GPU drivers;
• HID subsystem;
• Microsoft Hyper-V drivers;
• Hardware monitoring drivers;
• CoreSight HW tracing drivers;
• Intel Trace Hub HW tracing drivers;
• I2C subsystem;
• I3C subsystem;
• IIO subsystem;
• IIO ADC drivers;
• IIO Magnetometer sensors drivers;
• InfiniBand drivers;
• Input Device (Miscellaneous) drivers;
• IOMMU subsystem;
• IRQ chip drivers;
• LED subsystem;
• Mailbox framework;
• Multiple devices driver;
• Media drivers;
• MemoryStick subsystem;
• Multifunction device drivers;
• Intel Management Engine Interface driver;
• Amazon Nitro Secure Module driver;
• MMC subsystem;
• MTD block device drivers;
• Network drivers;
• Ethernet bonding driver;
• Mellanox network drivers;
• Microsoft Azure Network Adapter (MANA) driver;
• Texas Instruments network drivers;
• MediaTek network drivers;
• NTB driver;
• NVME drivers;
• Device tree and open firmware driver;
• Operating Performance Points (OPP) driver;
• PCI subsystem;
• Pin controllers subsystem;
• x86 platform drivers;
• i.MX PM domains;
• MediaTek PM domains;
• Power supply drivers;
• PTP clock framework;
• RapidIO drivers;
• Voltage and Current Regulator drivers;
• Remote Processor subsystem;
• MPAM driver;
• Reset controller framework;
• Real Time Clock drivers;
• S/390 drivers;
• SCSI subsystem;
• Xilinx SoC drivers;
• SoundWire subsystem;
• SPI subsystem;
• Media staging drivers;
• Media Oriented Systems Transport (MOST) driver;
• NVIDIA Tegra embedded controller (NVEC) staging driver;
• Realtek RTL8723BS SDIO drivers;
• TCM subsystem;
• TTY drivers;
• UFS subsystem;
• USB DSL drivers;
• USB core drivers;
• DesignWare USB3 driver;
• USB Gadget drivers;
• USB Host Controller drivers;
• USB Dual Role (OTG-ready) Controller drivers;
• USB Serial drivers;
• vDPA drivers;
• VFIO drivers;
• Virtio Host (VHOST) subsystem;
• Framebuffer layer;
• Virtio drivers;
• Watchdog drivers;
• Xen hypervisor drivers;
• 9P distributed file system;
• AFS file system;
• File systems infrastructure;
• BTRFS file system;
• Ceph distributed file system;
• Ext4 file system;
• F2FS file system;
• FUSE (File system in Userspace);
• Journaling layer…