CVE-2026-89777

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: vfio/pci: clear vdev->msi_perm after freeing it on init failure vfio_msi_cap_len() lazily allocates the per-device MSI permission table: vdev->msi_perm = kmalloc_obj(struct perm_bits, GFP_KERNEL_ACCOUNT); if (!vdev->msi_perm) return -ENOMEM; ret = init_pci_cap_msi_perm(vdev->msi_perm, len, flags); if (ret) { kfree(vdev->msi_perm); return ret; /* vdev->msi_perm left dangling */ } When init_pci_cap_msi_perm() -> alloc_perm_bits() fails with -ENOMEM, the error path frees vdev->msi_perm but leaves the freed pointer stored in it. vdev->msi_perm is not re-zeroed later because struct vfio_pci_core_device is per-device and persists across open/close cycles, and the vfio_config_init() error path returns without calling vfio_config_free(). So the dangling pointer outlives the failed open. That leads to two use-after-frees on the same device: 1. Reuse. The next vfio_config_init() sees the stale pointer at "if (vdev->msi_perm) return len;" and reuses the freed object. MSI config accesses in vfio_pci_config_rw_single() then dereference and call the freed perm->readfn / perm->writefn function pointers. 2. Double free. A later vfio_config_free() runs free_perm_bits() and kfree() on the already-freed object. Fix it by NULLing vdev->msi_perm after the kfree(), matching the NULL-after-free discipline already used in free_perm_bits() and vfio_config_free(). BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in vfio_pci_config_rw_single (drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_config.c:1961) Read of size 8 at addr ffff88800fcc88d0 by task exploit/143 Call Trace: ... kasan_report (mm/kasan/report.c:595) vfio_pci_config_rw_single (drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_config.c:1961) vfio_pci_config_rw (drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_config.c:1986) vfio_pci_rw (drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_core.c:1599) vfs_read (fs/read_write.c:572) __x64_sys_pread64 (fs/read_write.c:764) do_syscall_64 (arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94) ... Followed on device close by a double free of the same object: Oops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0x1f63e0e8000008: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI RIP: 0010:kfree (mm/slub.c:6711) Call Trace: vfio_config_free (drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_config.c:1861) vfio_pci_core_disable (drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_core.c:685) vfio_pci_core_close_device (drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_core.c:777) vfio_df_close (drivers/vfio/vfio_main.c:602) vfio_device_fops_release (drivers/vfio/vfio_main.c:648) __fput (fs/file_table.c:512) __x64_sys_close (fs/open.c:1496) do_syscall_64 (arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94) ... Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception

The kernel-rt packages provide the Real Time Linux Kernel, which enables fine-tuning for systems with extremely high determinism requirements.

Security Fix(es):

• kernel: ipv4: raw: reject IP_HDRINCL packets with ihl < 5 (CVE-2026-64114)

• kernel: fuse: re-lock request before returning from fuse_ref_folio() (CVE-2026-64266)

• kernel: ipv4: fib: free fib_alias with kfree_rcu() on insert error path (CVE-2026-64572)

• kernel: ALSA: seq: close a re-opened queue timer in the destructor (CVE-2026-68202)

• kernel: xfs: bounds-check buffer log item's dirty bitmap (CVE-2026-80536)

• kernel: inet: frags: strip GSO state from fragments before reassembly (CVE-2026-80590)

• kernel: vfio/pci: clear vdev->msi_perm after freeing it on init failure (CVE-2026-89777)

For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.

The kernel packages contain the Linux kernel, the core of any Linux operating system.

Security Fix(es):

• kernel: ipv4: raw: reject IP_HDRINCL packets with ihl < 5 (CVE-2026-64114)

• kernel: fuse: re-lock request before returning from fuse_ref_folio() (CVE-2026-64266)

• kernel: ipv4: fib: free fib_alias with kfree_rcu() on insert error path (CVE-2026-64572)

• kernel: ALSA: seq: close a re-opened queue timer in the destructor (CVE-2026-68202)

• kernel: xfs: bounds-check buffer log item's dirty bitmap (CVE-2026-80536)

• kernel: inet: frags: strip GSO state from fragments before reassembly (CVE-2026-80590)

• kernel: vfio/pci: clear vdev->msi_perm after freeing it on init failure (CVE-2026-89777)

For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.

The kernel packages contain the Linux kernel, the core of any Linux operating system.

Security Fix(es):

• kernel: udp: Deal with race between UDP socket address change and rehash (CVE-2024-57974)

• kernel: fuse: re-lock request before replacing page cache folio (CVE-2026-53388)

• kernel: net/handshake: hand off the pinned file reference to accept_doit (CVE-2026-63979)

• kernel: net/handshake: Drain pending requests at net namespace exit (CVE-2026-63978)

• kernel: fuse: re-lock request before returning from fuse_ref_folio() (CVE-2026-64266)

• kernel: net/handshake: Take a long-lived file reference at submit (CVE-2026-64523)

• kernel: ipvs: reload ip header after head reallocation (CVE-2026-68476)

• kernel: selinux: avoid sk_socket dereference in selinux_sctp_bind_connect() (CVE-2026-72242)

• kernel: KVM: s390: pci: Reject adapter interrupt forwarding if already enabled (CVE-2026-74515)

• kernel: usb: usbfs: fix use-after-free of usb_device in usbdev_release() (CVE-2026-80824)

• kernel: smb: client: clear setuid/setgid bit on write with cifsacl/modefromsid/posix extensions (CVE-2026-89638)

• kernel: vfio/pci: clear vdev->msi_perm after freeing it on init failure (CVE-2026-89777)

• kernel: md/raid5-ppl: fix use-after-free in ppl_do_flush() (CVE-2026-93262)

• kernel: KEYS: encrypted: fix integer overflow of datablob_len (CVE-2026-98222)

• kernel: netfilter: flowtable: hold reference on ct until flow is released (CVE-2026-98320)

Bug Fix(es) and Enhancement(s):

• kernel panic at __crypto_xor+0x2 after a number of out-of-bounds read and use-after-free read (JIRA:Rocky Linux-257205)

For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.

The kernel packages contain the Linux kernel, the core of any Linux operating system.

Security Fix(es):

• kernel: tcp: restrict SO_ATTACH_FILTER to priv users (CVE-2026-53236)

• kernel: fuse: re-lock request before replacing page cache folio (CVE-2026-53388)

• kernel: net: shaper: rework the VALID marking (again) (CVE-2026-64027)

• kernel: net/handshake: hand off the pinned file reference to accept_doit (CVE-2026-63979)

• kernel: net/handshake: Drain pending requests at net namespace exit (CVE-2026-63978)

• kernel: af_unix: Fix UAF read of tail->len in unix_stream_data_wait() (CVE-2026-64109)

• kernel: net/handshake: Take a long-lived file reference at submit (CVE-2026-64523)

• kernel: net: gro: fix double aggregation of flush-marked skbs (CVE-2026-68136)

• kernel: net/packet: avoid fanout hook re-registration after unregister (CVE-2026-68338)

• kernel: scsi: target: core: Fix iSCSI ISID use-after-free in REGISTER AND MOVE (CVE-2026-72083)

• kernel: KVM: s390: pci: Reject adapter interrupt forwarding if already enabled (CVE-2026-74515)

• kernel: net: smc: fix splice entry lifetime imbalance in smc_rx_splice (CVE-2026-74631)

• kernel: usb: usbfs: fix use-after-free of usb_device in usbdev_release() (CVE-2026-80824)

• kernel: smb: client: clear setuid/setgid bit on write with cifsacl/modefromsid/posix extensions (CVE-2026-89638)

• kernel: vfio/pci: clear vdev->msi_perm after freeing it on init failure (CVE-2026-89777)

• kernel: md/raid5-ppl: fix use-after-free in ppl_do_flush() (CVE-2026-93262)

Bug Fix(es) and Enhancement(s):

• x86/microcode: Add platform mask to Intel microcode "old" list [Rocky Linux-10] [rhel-10.2.z] (JIRA:Rocky Linux-212778)

• net: NULL pointer deref kernel panic in fib6_walk_continue under heavy VRF churn [rhel-10.2.z] (JIRA:Rocky Linux-245489)

• backport fixes for lockdep issues reported with rt-debug [rhel-10.2.z] (JIRA:Rocky Linux-259937)

For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.

The kernel packages contain the Linux kernel, the core of any Linux operating system.

Security Fix(es):

• kernel: udp: Deal with race between UDP socket address change and rehash (CVE-2024-57974)

• kernel: fuse: re-lock request before replacing page cache folio (CVE-2026-53388)

• kernel: net/handshake: hand off the pinned file reference to accept_doit (CVE-2026-63979)

• kernel: net/handshake: Drain pending requests at net namespace exit (CVE-2026-63978)

• kernel: fuse: re-lock request before returning from fuse_ref_folio() (CVE-2026-64266)

• kernel: net/handshake: Take a long-lived file reference at submit (CVE-2026-64523)

• kernel: ipvs: reload ip header after head reallocation (CVE-2026-68476)

• kernel: selinux: avoid sk_socket dereference in selinux_sctp_bind_connect() (CVE-2026-72242)

• kernel: KVM: s390: pci: Reject adapter interrupt forwarding if already enabled (CVE-2026-74515)

• kernel: usb: usbfs: fix use-after-free of usb_device in usbdev_release() (CVE-2026-80824)

• kernel: smb: client: clear setuid/setgid bit on write with cifsacl/modefromsid/posix extensions (CVE-2026-89638)

• kernel: vfio/pci: clear vdev->msi_perm after freeing it on init failure (CVE-2026-89777)

• kernel: md/raid5-ppl: fix use-after-free in ppl_do_flush() (CVE-2026-93262)

• kernel: KEYS: encrypted: fix integer overflow of datablob_len (CVE-2026-98222)

• kernel: netfilter: flowtable: hold reference on ct until flow is released (CVE-2026-98320)

Bug Fix(es) and Enhancement(s):

• kernel panic at __crypto_xor+0x2 after a number of out-of-bounds read and use-after-free read (JIRA:Rocky Linux SIG Cloud-257205)

For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: vfio/pci: clear vdev->msi_perm after freeing it on init failure vfio_msi_cap_len() lazily allocates the per-device MSI permission table: vdev->msi_perm = kmalloc_obj(struct perm_bits, GFP_KERNEL_ACCOUNT); if (!vdev->msi_perm) return -ENOMEM; ret = init_pci_cap_msi_perm(vdev->msi_perm, len, flags); if (ret) { kfree(vdev->msi_perm); return ret; /* vdev->msi_perm left dangling */ } When init_pci_cap_msi_perm() -> alloc_perm_bits() fails with -ENOMEM, the error path frees vdev->msi_perm but leaves the freed pointer stored in it. vdev->msi_perm is not re-zeroed later because struct vfio_pci_core_device is per-device and persists across open/close cycles, and the vfio_config_init() error path returns without calling vfio_config_free(). So the dangling pointer outlives the failed open. That leads to two use-after-frees on the same device: 1. Reuse. The next vfio_config_init() sees the stale pointer at "if (vdev->msi_perm) return len;" and reuses the freed object. MSI config accesses in vfio_pci_config_rw_single() then dereference and call the freed perm->readfn / perm->writefn function pointers. 2. Double free. A later vfio_config_free() runs free_perm_bits() and kfree() on the already-freed object. Fix it by NULLing vdev->msi_perm after the kfree(), matching the NULL-after-free discipline already used in free_perm_bits() and vfio_config_free(). BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in vfio_pci_config_rw_single (drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_config.c:1961) Read of size 8 at addr ffff88800fcc88d0 by task exploit/143 Call Trace: ... kasan_report (mm/kasan/report.c:595) vfio_pci_config_rw_single (drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_config.c:1961) vfio_pci_config_rw (drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_config.c:1986) vfio_pci_rw (drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_core.c:1599) vfs_read (fs/read_write.c:572) __x64_sys_pread64 (fs/read_write.c:764) do_syscall_64 (arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94) ... Followed on device close by a double free of the same object: Oops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0x1f63e0e8000008: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI RIP: 0010:kfree (mm/slub.c:6711) Call Trace: vfio_config_free (drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_config.c:1861) vfio_pci_core_disable (drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_core.c:685) vfio_pci_core_close_device (drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_core.c:777) vfio_df_close (drivers/vfio/vfio_main.c:602) vfio_device_fops_release (drivers/vfio/vfio_main.c:648) __fput (fs/file_table.c:512) __x64_sys_close (fs/open.c:1496) do_syscall_64 (arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94) ... Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception

The kernel-rt packages provide the Real Time Linux Kernel, which enables fine-tuning for systems with extremely high determinism requirements.

Security Fix(es):

• kernel: ipv4: raw: reject IP_HDRINCL packets with ihl < 5 (CVE-2026-64114)
• kernel: fuse: re-lock request before returning from fuse_ref_folio() (CVE-2026-64266)
• kernel: ipv4: fib: free fib_alias with kfree_rcu() on insert error path (CVE-2026-64572)
• kernel: ALSA: seq: close a re-opened queue timer in the destructor (CVE-2026-68202)
• kernel: xfs: bounds-check buffer log item's dirty bitmap (CVE-2026-80536)
• kernel: inet: frags: strip GSO state from fragments before reassembly (CVE-2026-80590)
• kernel: vfio/pci: clear vdev->msi_perm after freeing it on init failure (CVE-2026-89777)

For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.

The kernel packages contain the Linux kernel, the core of any Linux operating system.

Security Fix(es):

• kernel: ipv4: raw: reject IP_HDRINCL packets with ihl < 5 (CVE-2026-64114)
• kernel: fuse: re-lock request before returning from fuse_ref_folio() (CVE-2026-64266)
• kernel: ipv4: fib: free fib_alias with kfree_rcu() on insert error path (CVE-2026-64572)
• kernel: ALSA: seq: close a re-opened queue timer in the destructor (CVE-2026-68202)
• kernel: xfs: bounds-check buffer log item's dirty bitmap (CVE-2026-80536)
• kernel: inet: frags: strip GSO state from fragments before reassembly (CVE-2026-80590)
• kernel: vfio/pci: clear vdev->msi_perm after freeing it on init failure (CVE-2026-89777)

For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.

The kernel packages contain the Linux kernel, the core of any Linux operating system.

Security Fix(es):

• kernel: udp: Deal with race between UDP socket address change and rehash (CVE-2024-57974)
• kernel: fuse: re-lock request before replacing page cache folio (CVE-2026-53388)
• kernel: net/handshake: hand off the pinned file reference to accept_doit (CVE-2026-63979)
• kernel: net/handshake: Drain pending requests at net namespace exit (CVE-2026-63978)
• kernel: fuse: re-lock request before returning from fuse_ref_folio() (CVE-2026-64266)
• kernel: net/handshake: Take a long-lived file reference at submit (CVE-2026-64523)
• kernel: ipvs: reload ip header after head reallocation (CVE-2026-68476)
• kernel: selinux: avoid sk_socket dereference in selinux_sctp_bind_connect() (CVE-2026-72242)
• kernel: KVM: s390: pci: Reject adapter interrupt forwarding if already enabled (CVE-2026-74515)
• kernel: usb: usbfs: fix use-after-free of usb_device in usbdev_release() (CVE-2026-80824)
• kernel: smb: client: clear setuid/setgid bit on write with cifsacl/modefromsid/posix extensions (CVE-2026-89638)
• kernel: vfio/pci: clear vdev->msi_perm after freeing it on init failure (CVE-2026-89777)
• kernel: md/raid5-ppl: fix use-after-free in ppl_do_flush() (CVE-2026-93262)
• kernel: KEYS: encrypted: fix integer overflow of datablob_len (CVE-2026-98222)
• kernel: netfilter: flowtable: hold reference on ct until flow is released (CVE-2026-98320)

Bug Fix(es) and Enhancement(s):

• kernel panic at __crypto_xor+0x2 after a number of out-of-bounds read and use-after-free read (JIRA:AlmaLinux-257205)

For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.

The kernel packages contain the Linux kernel, the core of any Linux operating system.

Security Fix(es):

• kernel: tcp: restrict SO_ATTACH_FILTER to priv users (CVE-2026-53236)
• kernel: fuse: re-lock request before replacing page cache folio (CVE-2026-53388)
• kernel: net: shaper: rework the VALID marking (again) (CVE-2026-64027)
• kernel: net/handshake: hand off the pinned file reference to accept_doit (CVE-2026-63979)
• kernel: net/handshake: Drain pending requests at net namespace exit (CVE-2026-63978)
• kernel: af_unix: Fix UAF read of tail->len in unix_stream_data_wait() (CVE-2026-64109)
• kernel: net/handshake: Take a long-lived file reference at submit (CVE-2026-64523)
• kernel: net: gro: fix double aggregation of flush-marked skbs (CVE-2026-68136)
• kernel: net/packet: avoid fanout hook re-registration after unregister (CVE-2026-68338)
• kernel: scsi: target: core: Fix iSCSI ISID use-after-free in REGISTER AND MOVE (CVE-2026-72083)
• kernel: KVM: s390: pci: Reject adapter interrupt forwarding if already enabled (CVE-2026-74515)
• kernel: net: smc: fix splice entry lifetime imbalance in smc_rx_splice (CVE-2026-74631)
• kernel: usb: usbfs: fix use-after-free of usb_device in usbdev_release() (CVE-2026-80824)
• kernel: smb: client: clear setuid/setgid bit on write with cifsacl/modefromsid/posix extensions (CVE-2026-89638)
• kernel: vfio/pci: clear vdev->msi_perm after freeing it on init failure (CVE-2026-89777)
• kernel: md/raid5-ppl: fix use-after-free in ppl_do_flush() (CVE-2026-93262)

Bug Fix(es) and Enhancement(s):

• x86/microcode: Add platform mask to Intel microcode "old" list [AlmaLinux-10] [almalinux-10.2.z] (JIRA:AlmaLinux-212778)
• net: NULL pointer deref kernel panic in fib6_walk_continue under heavy VRF churn [almalinux-10.2.z] (JIRA:AlmaLinux-245489)
• backport fixes for lockdep issues reported with rt-debug [almalinux-10.2.z] (JIRA:AlmaLinux-259937)

For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

vfio/pci: clear vdev->msi_perm after freeing it on init failure

vfio_msi_cap_len() lazily allocates the per-device MSI permission table:

vdev->msi_perm = kmalloc_obj(struct perm_bits, GFP_KERNEL_ACCOUNT);
if (!vdev->msi_perm)
	return -ENOMEM;

ret = init_pci_cap_msi_perm(vdev->msi_perm, len, flags);
if (ret) {
	kfree(vdev->msi_perm);
	return ret;		/* vdev->msi_perm left dangling */
}

When init_pci_cap_msi_perm() -> alloc_perm_bits() fails with -ENOMEM, the error path frees vdev->msi_perm but leaves the freed pointer stored in it. vdev->msi_perm is not re-zeroed later because struct vfio_pci_core_device is per-device and persists across open/close cycles, and the vfio_config_init() error path returns without calling vfio_config_free(). So the dangling pointer outlives the failed open.

That leads to two use-after-frees on the same device:

1. Reuse. The next vfio_config_init() sees the stale pointer at "if (vdev->msi_perm) return len;" and reuses the freed object. MSI config accesses in vfio_pci_config_rw_single() then dereference and call the freed perm->readfn / perm->writefn function pointers.

2. Double free. A later vfio_config_free() runs free_perm_bits() and kfree() on the already-freed object.

Fix it by NULLing vdev->msi_perm after the kfree(), matching the NULL-after-free discipline already used in free_perm_bits() and vfio_config_free().

BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in vfio_pci_config_rw_single (drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_config.c:1961) Read of size 8 at addr ffff88800fcc88d0 by task exploit/143 Call Trace: ... kasan_report (mm/kasan/report.c:595) vfio_pci_config_rw_single (drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_config.c:1961) vfio_pci_config_rw (drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_config.c:1986) vfio_pci_rw (drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_core.c:1599) vfs_read (fs/read_write.c:572) __x64_sys_pread64 (fs/read_write.c:764) do_syscall_64 (arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94) ...

Followed on device close by a double free of the same object:

Oops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0x1f63e0e8000008: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI RIP: 0010:kfree (mm/slub.c:6711) Call Trace: vfio_config_free (drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_config.c:1861) vfio_pci_core_disable (drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_core.c:685) vfio_pci_core_close_device (drivers/vfio/pci/vfio_pci_core.c:777) vfio_df_close (drivers/vfio/vfio_main.c:602) vfio_device_fops_release (drivers/vfio/vfio_main.c:648) __fput (fs/file_table.c:512) __x64_sys_close (fs/open.c:1496) do_syscall_64 (arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94) ... Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception

• CVE-2025-39826
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• CVE-2025-40146
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• CVE-2024-53216
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• CVE-2026-89778
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• CVE-2026-23050
  • pNFS: Fix a deadlock when returning a delegation during open() {CVE-2026-23050}
• CVE-2025-68796
  • f2fs: fix to avoid updating zero-sized extent in extent cache {CVE-2025-68796}
• CVE-2025-68330
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• CVE-2025-40333
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• CVE-2025-40160
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• CVE-2023-54047
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• CVE-2026-89786
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• CVE-2022-50764
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• CVE-2026-80785
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• CVE-2026-80788
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• CVE-2026-80747
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  • drm/amdgpu: Fix UVD dpb min size calculation for H264 {CVE-2026-80907}
• CVE-2026-80908
  • drm/amdgpu: Reject UVD message with dimensions above 4096 {CVE-2026-80908}
• CVE-2026-80812
  • ALSA: dummy: Check card index validity at probe {CVE-2026-80812}
• CVE-2026-80948
  • wifi: iwlwifi: dvm: fix memory leak in iwl_op_mode_dvm_start() {CVE-2026-80948}
• CVE-2025-40137
  • f2fs: fix to truncate first page in error path of f2fs_truncate() {CVE-2025-40137}
• CVE-2023-54150
  • drm/amd: Fix an out of bounds error in BIOS parser {CVE-2023-54150}
• CVE-2026-89784
  • SUNRPC: check rpc_sockaddr2uaddr() return value in rpcb_register_inet4/6 {CVE-2026-89784}
• CVE-2026-89783
  • xfrm6: fix out-of-bounds write in xfrm6_input_addr() when secpath is full {CVE-2026-89783}
• CVE-2026-89780
  • net: qualcomm: rmnet: restore skb->dev on deaggregated frames {CVE-2026-89780}
• CVE-2026-89777
  • vfio/pci: clear vdev->msi_perm after freeing it on init failure {CVE-2026-89777}
• CVE-2026-89789
  • gtp: add synchronize_net() in gtp_newlink() error path to prevent use-after-free {CVE-2026-89789}
• CVE-2025-68797
  • char: applicom: fix NULL pointer dereference in ac_ioctl {CVE-2025-68797}
• CVE-2025-68767
  • hfsplus: Verify inode mode when loading from disk {CVE-2025-68767}
• CVE-2026-63961
  • usb: typec: altmodes/displayport: validate count before reading Status Update VDO {CVE-2026-63961}
• CVE-2026-63904
  • usb: usbtmc: check URB actual_length for interrupt-IN notifications {CVE-2026-63904}
• CVE-2022-50864
  • nilfs2: fix shift-out-of-bounds due to too large exponent of block size {CVE-2022-50864}
• CVE-2025-68771
  • ocfs2: fix kernel BUG in ocfs2_find_victim_chain {CVE-2025-68771}
• CVE-2025-68750
  • usb: potential integer overflow in usbg_make_tpg() {CVE-2025-68750}
• CVE-2026-80909
  • drm/amdgpu: Reject UVD message with invalid number of h265 refs {CVE-2026-80909}
• CVE-2026-74402
  • crypto: atmel-sha204a - fix blocking and non-blocking rng logic {CVE-2026-74402} *…

These are all security issues fixed in the kernel-devel-7.2.7-1.1 package on the GA media of openSUSE Tumbleweed.

Several security issues were discovered in the Linux kernel. An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system. This update corrects flaws in the following subsystems:

• USB Gadget drivers;
• Memory management;
• Multiple devices driver;
• ARM64 architecture;
• EROFS file system;
• Networking core;
• eXpress Data Path;
• ARM32 architecture;
• M68K architecture;
• MIPS architecture;
• OpenRISC architecture;
• PA-RISC architecture;
• PowerPC architecture;
• RISC-V architecture;
• S390 architecture;
• User-Mode Linux (UML);
• x86 architecture;
• Block layer subsystem;
• Cryptographic API;
• Compute Acceleration Framework;
• Intel NPU Driver;
• Speakup Console Speech Driver;
• ACPI drivers;
• Serial ATA and Parallel ATA drivers;
• Auxiliary display drivers;
• Drivers core;
• Micron PCIe SSD driver;
• Null block device driver;
• Ublk userspace block driver;
• Compressed RAM block device driver;
• Bluetooth drivers;
• Bus devices;
• AMD CDX bus driver;
• Hardware random number generator core;
• Character device driver;
• TPM device driver;
• Clock framework and drivers;
• Clocksource drivers;
• CPU frequency scaling framework;
• CPU idle management framework;
• Hardware crypto device drivers;
• CXL (Compute Express Link) drivers;
• DAX dirext access to differentiated memory framework;
• DIBS (Direct Internal Buffer Sharing) drivers;
• Buffer Sharing and Synchronization framework;
• DMA engine subsystem;
• EDAC drivers;
• FireWire subsystem;
• ARM SCMI message protocol;
• ARM SCPI message protocol;
• Google firmware drivers;
• Qualcomm firmware drivers;
• FPGA Framework;
• GPIO subsystem;
• GPU drivers;
• HID subsystem;
• HSI subsystem;
• Microsoft Hyper-V drivers;
• Hardware monitoring drivers;
• CoreSight HW tracing drivers;
• I2C subsystem;
• I3C subsystem;
• IIO subsystem;
• InfiniBand drivers;
• Input Device core drivers;
• Input Device (Miscellaneous) drivers;
• Input Device (Mouse) drivers;
• On-Chip Interconnect management framework;
• IOMMU subsystem;
• Industry Pack bus drivers;
• IRQ chip drivers;
• Mailbox framework;
• Media drivers;
• MemoryStick subsystem;
• Multifunction device drivers;
• Analog Devices digital potentiometer driver;
• Broadcom VK accelerator driver;
• Fastrpc Driver;
• Amazon Nitro Secure Module driver;
• SGI GRU driver;
• MMC subsystem;
• MTD block device drivers;
• Network drivers;
• Ethernet bonding driver;
• Mellanox network drivers;
• Microsoft Azure Network Adapter (MANA) driver;
• STMicroelectronics network drivers;
• Texas Instruments network drivers;
• MediaTek network drivers;
• Near Field Communication (NFC) drivers;
• NTB driver;
• NVDIMM (Non-Volatile Memory Device) drivers;
• NVME drivers;
• Device tree and open firmware driver;
• Operating Performance Points (OPP) driver;
• PA-RISC drivers;
• PCI subsystem;
• Performance monitor drivers;
• PHY drivers;
• Pin controllers subsystem;
• Chrome hardware platform drivers;
• Mellanox platform drivers;
• Microsoft Surface platform drivers;
• x86 platform drivers;
• MediaTek PM domains;
• Power sequencing drivers;
• Power supply drivers;
• Powercap sysfs driver;
• PTP clock framework;
• PWM drivers;
• RapidIO drivers;
• Voltage and Current Regulator drivers;
• Remote Processor subsystem;
• MPAM driver;
• RPMSG subsystem;
• Real Time Clock drivers;
• S/390 drivers;
• SCSI subsystem;
• ASPEED SoC drivers;
• Samsung SoC drivers;
• SPI subsystem;
• small TFT LCD display modules;
• Greybus lights staging drivers;
• Media staging drivers;
• Realtek RTL8723BS SDIO drivers;
• TCM subsystem;
• Trusted Execution Environment drivers;
• Thermal drivers;
• Thunderbolt and USB4 drivers;
• TTY drivers;
• UFS subsystem;
• Userspace I/O drivers;
• USB DSL drivers;
• Cypress C67X00 USB…

Several security issues were discovered in the Linux kernel. An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system. This update corrects flaws in the following subsystems:

• USB Gadget drivers;
• Memory management;
• Multiple devices driver;
• ARM64 architecture;
• EROFS file system;
• Networking core;
• eXpress Data Path;
• ARM32 architecture;
• M68K architecture;
• MIPS architecture;
• OpenRISC architecture;
• PA-RISC architecture;
• PowerPC architecture;
• RISC-V architecture;
• S390 architecture;
• User-Mode Linux (UML);
• x86 architecture;
• Block layer subsystem;
• Cryptographic API;
• Compute Acceleration Framework;
• Intel NPU Driver;
• Speakup Console Speech Driver;
• ACPI drivers;
• Serial ATA and Parallel ATA drivers;
• Auxiliary display drivers;
• Drivers core;
• Micron PCIe SSD driver;
• Null block device driver;
• Ublk userspace block driver;
• Compressed RAM block device driver;
• Bluetooth drivers;
• Bus devices;
• AMD CDX bus driver;
• Hardware random number generator core;
• Character device driver;
• TPM device driver;
• Clock framework and drivers;
• Clocksource drivers;
• CPU frequency scaling framework;
• CPU idle management framework;
• Hardware crypto device drivers;
• CXL (Compute Express Link) drivers;
• DAX dirext access to differentiated memory framework;
• DIBS (Direct Internal Buffer Sharing) drivers;
• Buffer Sharing and Synchronization framework;
• DMA engine subsystem;
• EDAC drivers;
• FireWire subsystem;
• ARM SCMI message protocol;
• ARM SCPI message protocol;
• Google firmware drivers;
• Qualcomm firmware drivers;
• FPGA Framework;
• GPIO subsystem;
• GPU drivers;
• HID subsystem;
• HSI subsystem;
• Microsoft Hyper-V drivers;
• Hardware monitoring drivers;
• CoreSight HW tracing drivers;
• I2C subsystem;
• I3C subsystem;
• IIO subsystem;
• InfiniBand drivers;
• Input Device core drivers;
• Input Device (Miscellaneous) drivers;
• Input Device (Mouse) drivers;
• On-Chip Interconnect management framework;
• IOMMU subsystem;
• Industry Pack bus drivers;
• IRQ chip drivers;
• Mailbox framework;
• Media drivers;
• MemoryStick subsystem;
• Multifunction device drivers;
• Analog Devices digital potentiometer driver;
• Broadcom VK accelerator driver;
• Fastrpc Driver;
• Amazon Nitro Secure Module driver;
• SGI GRU driver;
• MMC subsystem;
• MTD block device drivers;
• Network drivers;
• Ethernet bonding driver;
• Mellanox network drivers;
• Microsoft Azure Network Adapter (MANA) driver;
• STMicroelectronics network drivers;
• Texas Instruments network drivers;
• MediaTek network drivers;
• Near Field Communication (NFC) drivers;
• NTB driver;
• NVDIMM (Non-Volatile Memory Device) drivers;
• NVME drivers;
• Device tree and open firmware driver;
• Operating Performance Points (OPP) driver;
• PA-RISC drivers;
• PCI subsystem;
• Performance monitor drivers;
• PHY drivers;
• Pin controllers subsystem;
• Chrome hardware platform drivers;
• Mellanox platform drivers;
• Microsoft Surface platform drivers;
• x86 platform drivers;
• MediaTek PM domains;
• Power sequencing drivers;
• Power supply drivers;
• Powercap sysfs driver;
• PTP clock framework;
• PWM drivers;
• RapidIO drivers;
• Voltage and Current Regulator drivers;
• Remote Processor subsystem;
• MPAM driver;
• RPMSG subsystem;
• Real Time Clock drivers;
• S/390 drivers;
• SCSI subsystem;
• ASPEED SoC drivers;
• Samsung SoC drivers;
• SPI subsystem;
• small TFT LCD display modules;
• Greybus lights staging drivers;
• Media staging drivers;
• Realtek RTL8723BS SDIO drivers;
• TCM subsystem;
• Trusted Execution Environment drivers;
• Thermal drivers;
• Thunderbolt and USB4 drivers;
• TTY drivers;
• UFS subsystem;
• Userspace I/O drivers;
• USB DSL drivers;
• Cypress C67X00 USB…

Duoming Zhou discovered race conditions in the AX.25 amateur radio protocol implementation in the Linux kernel, leading to use-after-free vulnerabilities. A local attacker could possibly use this to cause a denial of service (system crash). (CVE-2022-1205)

Several security issues were discovered in the Linux kernel. An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system. This update corrects flaws in the following subsystems:

• USB Gadget drivers;
• Networking core;
• ARM32 architecture;
• ARM64 architecture;
• OpenRISC architecture;
• PowerPC architecture;
• RISC-V architecture;
• S390 architecture;
• x86 architecture;
• Block layer subsystem;
• Speakup Console Speech Driver;
• ACPI drivers;
• Serial ATA and Parallel ATA drivers;
• Auxiliary display drivers;
• Drivers core;
• Bluetooth drivers;
• Character device driver;
• TPM device driver;
• Clock framework and drivers;
• Clocksource drivers;
• CPU frequency scaling framework;
• Hardware crypto device drivers;
• Buffer Sharing and Synchronization framework;
• DMA engine subsystem;
• EDAC drivers;
• ARM SCMI message protocol;
• ARM SCPI message protocol;
• Google firmware drivers;
• FPGA Framework;
• GPIO subsystem;
• GPU drivers;
• HID subsystem;
• HSI subsystem;
• Hardware monitoring drivers;
• CoreSight HW tracing drivers;
• I2C subsystem;
• I3C subsystem;
• IIO subsystem;
• InfiniBand drivers;
• Input Device core drivers;
• Input Device (Miscellaneous) drivers;
• Input Device (Mouse) drivers;
• On-Chip Interconnect management framework;
• IOMMU subsystem;
• IRQ chip drivers;
• Multiple devices driver;
• Media drivers;
• Analog Devices digital potentiometer driver;
• Broadcom VK accelerator driver;
• Fastrpc Driver;
• MMC subsystem;
• MTD block device drivers;
• Ethernet bonding driver;
• Network drivers;
• Mellanox network drivers;
• Microsoft Azure Network Adapter (MANA) driver;
• STMicroelectronics network drivers;
• Texas Instruments network drivers;
• MediaTek network drivers;
• Near Field Communication (NFC) drivers;
• NTB driver;
• NVDIMM (Non-Volatile Memory Device) drivers;
• NVME drivers;
• Device tree and open firmware driver;
• PA-RISC drivers;
• PCI subsystem;
• PHY drivers;
• Pin controllers subsystem;
• Chrome hardware platform drivers;
• Mellanox platform drivers;
• Microsoft Surface platform drivers;
• x86 platform drivers;
• Power supply drivers;
• RapidIO drivers;
• Voltage and Current Regulator drivers;
• Remote Processor subsystem;
• RPMSG subsystem;
• Real Time Clock drivers;
• S/390 drivers;
• SCSI subsystem;
• SPI subsystem;
• small TFT LCD display modules;
• Greybus lights staging drivers;
• Media staging drivers;
• Realtek RTL8723BS SDIO drivers;
• TCM subsystem;
• Thermal drivers;
• Thunderbolt and USB4 drivers;
• TTY drivers;
• Userspace I/O drivers;
• USB DSL drivers;
• Cypress C67X00 USB driver;
• USB core drivers;
• USB Host Controller drivers;
• Mustek MDC800 USB digital camera driver;
• USB Serial drivers;
• USB Mass Storage drivers;
• USB Type-C Connector System Software Interface driver;
• USB over IP driver;
• vDPA drivers;
• VFIO drivers;
• Virtio Host (VHOST) subsystem;
• Framebuffer layer;
• W1 Dallas's 1-wire bus driver;
• Watchdog drivers;
• Xen hypervisor drivers;
• 9P distributed file system;
• File systems infrastructure;
• BFS file system;
• BTRFS file system;
• Ceph distributed file system;
• eCrypt file system;
• EROFS file system;
• Ext4 file system;
• F2FS file system;
• FAT file system;
• FUSE (File system in Userspace);
• HFS+ file system;
• HugeTLB file system;
• JFS file system;
• Network file system (NFS) client;
• Network file system (NFS) server daemon;
• NILFS2 file system;
• File system notification infrastructure;
• NTFS3 file system;
• OCFS2 file system; …

Duoming Zhou discovered race conditions in the AX.25 amateur radio protocol implementation in the Linux kernel, leading to use-after-free vulnerabilities. A local attacker could possibly use this to cause a denial of service (system crash). (CVE-2022-1205)

Several security issues were discovered in the Linux kernel. An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system. This update corrects flaws in the following subsystems:

• USB Gadget drivers;
• ARM32 architecture;
• ARM64 architecture;
• OpenRISC architecture;
• PowerPC architecture;
• RISC-V architecture;
• S390 architecture;
• x86 architecture;
• Block layer subsystem;
• Speakup Console Speech Driver;
• ACPI drivers;
• Serial ATA and Parallel ATA drivers;
• Auxiliary display drivers;
• Drivers core;
• Bluetooth drivers;
• Character device driver;
• TPM device driver;
• Clock framework and drivers;
• Clocksource drivers;
• CPU frequency scaling framework;
• Hardware crypto device drivers;
• DMA engine subsystem;
• EDAC drivers;
• Google firmware drivers;
• FPGA Framework;
• GPIO subsystem;
• GPU drivers;
• HID subsystem;
• HSI subsystem;
• Hardware monitoring drivers;
• CoreSight HW tracing drivers;
• I2C subsystem;
• I3C subsystem;
• IIO subsystem;
• InfiniBand drivers;
• On-Chip Interconnect management framework;
• IOMMU subsystem;
• IRQ chip drivers;
• Multiple devices driver;
• Media drivers;
• Analog Devices digital potentiometer driver;
• Broadcom VK accelerator driver;
• Fastrpc Driver;
• MMC subsystem;
• MTD block device drivers;
• Ethernet bonding driver;
• Network drivers;
• Mellanox network drivers;
• STMicroelectronics network drivers;
• MediaTek network drivers;
• Near Field Communication (NFC) drivers;
• NTB driver;
• NVDIMM (Non-Volatile Memory Device) drivers;
• NVME drivers;
• Device tree and open firmware driver;
• PA-RISC drivers;
• PCI subsystem;
• PHY drivers;
• Pin controllers subsystem;
• Chrome hardware platform drivers;
• Mellanox platform drivers;
• Microsoft Surface platform drivers;
• x86 platform drivers;
• Power supply drivers;
• RapidIO drivers;
• Voltage and Current Regulator drivers;
• Remote Processor subsystem;
• RPMSG subsystem;
• Real Time Clock drivers;
• S/390 drivers;
• SCSI subsystem;
• SPI subsystem;
• small TFT LCD display modules;
• Greybus lights staging drivers;
• Media staging drivers;
• Realtek RTL8723BS SDIO drivers;
• TCM subsystem;
• Thermal drivers;
• Thunderbolt and USB4 drivers;
• TTY drivers;
• Userspace I/O drivers;
• USB DSL drivers;
• Cypress C67X00 USB driver;
• USB core drivers;
• USB Host Controller drivers;
• Mustek MDC800 USB digital camera driver;
• USB Serial drivers;
• USB Mass Storage drivers;
• USB Type-C Connector System Software Interface driver;
• USB over IP driver;
• vDPA drivers;
• VFIO drivers;
• Virtio Host (VHOST) subsystem;
• Framebuffer layer;
• W1 Dallas's 1-wire bus driver;
• Watchdog drivers;
• File systems infrastructure;
• BFS file system;
• BTRFS file system;
• Ceph distributed file system;
• eCrypt file system;
• EROFS file system;
• Ext4 file system;
• F2FS file system;
• FAT file system;
• FUSE (File system in Userspace);
• HFS+ file system;
• HugeTLB file system;
• JFS file system;
• Network file system (NFS) client;
• Network file system (NFS) server daemon;
• NILFS2 file system;
• File system notification infrastructure;
• NTFS3 file system;
• OCFS2 file system;
• OrangeFS file system;
• SMB network file system;
• SquashFS file system;
• UBI file system;
• UDF file system;
• XFS file system;
• BPF subsystem;
• IPv4 networking;
• Internal shared memory driver;
• Networking core;
• Scheduler infrastructure;
• Sun RPC protocol;
• Virtio network driver;
• Amateur Radio drivers;
• IP tunnels definitions;
• Network…

Duoming Zhou discovered race conditions in the AX.25 amateur radio protocol implementation in the Linux kernel, leading to use-after-free vulnerabilities. A local attacker could possibly use this to cause a denial of service (system crash). (CVE-2022-1205)

It was discovered that the i.MX clock driver in the Linux kernel did not properly handle certain memory allocation failure conditions, leading to a null pointer dereference vulnerability. A local attacker could possibly use this to cause a denial of service (system crash). (CVE-2022-3114)

Several security issues were discovered in the Linux kernel. An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system. This update corrects flaws in the following subsystems:

• USB Gadget drivers;
• Networking core;
• User-space API (UAPI);
• ARM32 architecture;
• ARM64 architecture;
• MIPS architecture;
• OpenRISC architecture;
• PowerPC architecture;
• RISC-V architecture;
• S390 architecture;
• User-Mode Linux (UML);
• x86 architecture;
• Block layer subsystem;
• Cryptographic API;
• Speakup Console Speech Driver;
• ACPI drivers;
• Android drivers;
• Serial ATA and Parallel ATA drivers;
• Auxiliary display drivers;
• Drivers core;
• DRBD Distributed Replicated Block Device drivers;
• Rados block device (RBD) driver;
• Bluetooth drivers;
• Cdrom driver;
• Character device driver;
• Hardware random number generator core;
• TPM device driver;
• Clock framework and drivers;
• Clocksource drivers;
• Data acquisition framework and drivers;
• CPU frequency scaling framework;
• Hardware crypto device drivers;
• DAX dirext access to differentiated memory framework;
• Buffer Sharing and Synchronization framework;
• DMA engine subsystem;
• EDAC drivers;
• FireWire subsystem;
• Arm Firmware Framework for ARMv8-A(FFA);
• ARM SCMI message protocol;
• ARM SCPI message protocol;
• Google firmware drivers;
• Intel Stratix 10 firmware drivers;
• FPGA Framework;
• GPIO subsystem;
• GPU drivers;
• HID subsystem;
• HSI subsystem;
• Hardware monitoring drivers;
• CoreSight HW tracing drivers;
• Intel Trace Hub HW tracing drivers;
• I2C subsystem;
• I3C subsystem;
• IIO subsystem;
• IIO ADC drivers;
• IIO Magnetometer sensors drivers;
• InfiniBand drivers;
• Input Device core drivers;
• Input Device (Miscellaneous) drivers;
• Input Device (Mouse) drivers;
• On-Chip Interconnect management framework;
• IOMMU subsystem;
• IRQ chip drivers;
• LED subsystem;
• Multiple devices driver;
• Media drivers;
• MemoryStick subsystem;
• Multifunction device drivers;
• Analog Devices digital potentiometer driver;
• Broadcom VK accelerator driver;
• Fastrpc Driver;
• MMC subsystem;
• MTD block device drivers;
• Ethernet bonding driver;
• Network drivers;
• Mellanox network drivers;
• Microsoft Azure Network Adapter (MANA) driver;
• STMicroelectronics network drivers;
• Texas Instruments network drivers;
• MediaTek network drivers;
• Near Field Communication (NFC) drivers;
• NTB driver;
• NVDIMM (Non-Volatile Memory Device) drivers;
• NVME drivers;
• Device tree and open firmware driver;
• PA-RISC drivers;
• Parport drivers;
• PCI subsystem;
• PHY drivers;
• Pin controllers subsystem;
• Chrome hardware platform drivers;
• Mellanox platform drivers;
• Microsoft Surface platform drivers;
• x86 platform drivers;
• Generic PM domains;
• System reset/shutdown drivers;
• Power supply drivers;
• RapidIO drivers;
• Voltage and Current Regulator drivers;
• Remote Processor subsystem;
• Reset controller framework;
• RPMSG subsystem;
• Real Time Clock drivers;
• S/390 drivers;
• SCSI subsystem;
• SLIMbus drivers;
• SPI subsystem;
• small TFT LCD display modules;
• Greybus lights staging drivers;
• Media staging drivers;
• Media Oriented Systems Transport (MOST) driver;
• NVIDIA Tegra embedded controller (NVEC)…

It was discovered that the io_uring subsystem in the Linux kernel did not properly handle canceled task work when processing certain wait operations, leading to the operation being performed in the wrong task context. A local attacker could possibly use this to cause a denial of service (system crash). (CVE-2026-81010)

Several security issues were discovered in the Linux kernel. An attacker could possibly use these to compromise the system. This update corrects flaws in the following subsystems:

• ARM32 architecture;
• ARM64 architecture;
• MIPS architecture;
• OpenRISC architecture;
• PowerPC architecture;
• RISC-V architecture;
• S390 architecture;
• x86 architecture;
• Intel NPU Driver;
• ACPI drivers;
• Serial ATA and Parallel ATA drivers;
• Auxiliary display drivers;
• Ublk userspace block driver;
• Bluetooth drivers;
• Character device driver;
• CPU idle management framework;
• Hardware crypto device drivers;
• CXL (Compute Express Link) drivers;
• ARM SCMI message protocol;
• GPIO subsystem;
• GPU drivers;
• HID subsystem;
• HSI subsystem;
• Hardware monitoring drivers;
• I2C subsystem;
• I3C subsystem;
• IIO subsystem;
• InfiniBand drivers;
• Input Device core drivers;
• On-Chip Interconnect management framework;
• IOMMU subsystem;
• Multiple devices driver;
• Media drivers;
• Fastrpc Driver;
• Amazon Nitro Secure Module driver;
• MMC subsystem;
• MTD block device drivers;
• Ethernet bonding driver;
• Network drivers;
• Microsoft Azure Network Adapter (MANA) driver;
• Texas Instruments network drivers;
• MediaTek network drivers;
• NTB driver;
• NVDIMM (Non-Volatile Memory Device) drivers;
• NVME drivers;
• NVMEM (Non Volatile Memory) drivers;
• PCI subsystem;
• Chrome hardware platform drivers;
• x86 platform drivers;
• Power supply drivers;
• RapidIO drivers;
• Voltage and Current Regulator drivers;
• S/390 drivers;
• SCSI subsystem;
• SLIMbus drivers;
• NVIDIA Tegra SoC drivers;
• Realtek RTL8723BS SDIO drivers;
• TCM subsystem;
• Trusted Execution Environment drivers;
• Thunderbolt and USB4 drivers;
• TTY drivers;
• USB Device Class drivers;
• Faraday FOTG210 USB2 dual-role controller driver;
• USB Gadget drivers;
• USB Host Controller drivers;
• Siemens ID Mouse USB driver;
• IOWarrior USB driver;
• LD Didactic USB driver;
• LEGO USB Tower driver;
• USB Serial drivers;
• USB Type-C support driver;
• USB Type-C Port Controller Manager driver;
• USB Type-C Connector System Software Interface driver;
• USB over IP driver;
• VFIO drivers;
• Framebuffer layer;
• W1 Dallas's 1-wire bus driver;
• AFS file system;
• BTRFS file system;
• Ceph distributed file system;
• eCrypt file system;
• File systems infrastructure;
• Ext4 file system;
• F2FS file system;
• FUSE (File system in Userspace);
• Network file system (NFS) server daemon;
• NILFS2 file system;
• NTFS3 file system;
• OCFS2 file system;
• OrangeFS file system;
• SMB network file system;
• UBI file system;
• Drivers core;
• Tracing infrastructure;
• KProbes tracing;
• Networking core;
• Netfilter;
• Sun RPC protocol;
• IPv6 networking;
• Bluetooth subsystem;
• IPv4 networking;
• IP tunnels definitions;
• SCTP protocol;
• User-space API (UAPI);
• IPC subsystem;
• Audit subsystem;
• BPF subsystem;
• DMA mapping infrastructure;
• Kernel futex primitives;
• Scheduler infrastructure;
• Signal handling mechanism;
• Memory management;
• 6LoWPAN network protocol;
• IEEE 802 network protocols;
• B.A.T.M.A.N. meshing protocol;
• Ethernet bridge;
• CAN network layer;
• Ceph Core library;
• Devlink API;
• HSR network protocol;
• IEEE802154.4 network protocol;
• IUCV driver;
• MAC80211 subsystem;
• Management Component Transport Protocol (MCTP);
• MultiProtocol Label Switching driver;
• Multipath TCP;
• NetLabel subsystem; …