CVE-2016-4436

Apache Struts improper action name cleanup

9.8 CriticalFix available

CVE-2016-4436 is a critical vulnerability (CVSS 9.8) in Apache Struts, published October 3, 2016. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 6.60%, the 93rd percentile. Fixed in org.apache.struts:struts2-core 2.3.29.

What does this mean?

Severity: 9.8 CriticalCVSS 3.0, NVD
Exploit chance: 6.60%EPSS, 93rd percentile
Exploitation: None knownNot on CISA’s or ENISA’s lists
Fixed in: 2.3.29org.apache.struts:struts2-core +3 more

Description

Apache Struts 2 before 2.3.29 and 2.5.x before 2.5.1 allow attackers to have unspecified impact via vectors related to improper action name clean up.

Attack profile

How easy it is to exploit

Attack vector: Network
Complexity: Low
Privileges needed: None
User interaction: None

What an attacker can affect

Confidentiality: High
Integrity: High
Availability: High

Exploit likelihood

6.60%Up 4.7 points since Feb 4, 2022

Affected products

apache struts

Affected packages

Affected packages
Package	Affected	Fixed
`org.apache.struts:struts2-core` Maven	2.0.0 up to 2.3.29	2.3.29
`org.apache.struts:struts2-core` Maven	2.5-BETA1 up to 2.5.1	2.5.1
`org.apache.struts:struts2-core` Maven	2.0.0 up to 2.3.29, plus listed versions 2.0.112.0.11.12.0.11.22.0.122.0.14 Show 41 moreShow less 2.0.52.0.62.0.82.0.92.1.22.1.62.1.82.1.8.12.2.12.2.1.12.2.32.2.3.12.3.12.3.1.12.3.1.22.3.122.3.142.3.14.12.3.14.22.3.14.32.3.152.3.15.12.3.15.22.3.15.32.3.162.3.16.12.3.16.22.3.16.32.3.202.3.20.12.3.20.32.3.242.3.24.12.3.24.32.3.282.3.28.12.3.32.3.42.3.4.12.3.72.3.8	2.3.29
`org.apache.struts:struts2-core` Maven	2.5-BETA1 up to 2.5.1, plus listed versions 2.52.5-BETA22.5-BETA3	2.5.1

What each source reports

NVD Score used9.8

Apache Struts 2 before 2.3.29 and 2.5.x before 2.5.1 allow attackers to have unspecified impact via vectors related to improper action name clean up.

Record: CVE-2016-4436
CVSS 3.0: 9.8 CriticalCVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CVSS 2.0: 7.5 HighAV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
Updated: 2026-11-02

CVE ListNo score

Apache Struts 2 before 2.3.29 and 2.5.x before 2.5.1 allow attackers to have unspecified impact via vectors related to improper action name clean up.

Record: CVE-2016-4436
Updated: 2026-11-02

EUVDEUVD-2022-5822No score

Apache Struts 2 before 2.3.29 and 2.5.x before 2.5.1 allow attackers to have unspecified impact via vectors related to improper action name clean up.

Record: EUVD-2022-5822
Updated: 2026-11-03

GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-xm92-v2mq-842q9.8

Apache Struts improper action name cleanup

Apache Struts 2 before 2.3.29 and 2.5.x before 2.5.1 allow attackers to have unspecified impact via vectors related to improper action name clean up.

Record: GHSA-xm92-v2mq-842q
CVSS 3.0: 9.8 CriticalCVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Updated: 2026-11-02

OSV9.8

Apache Struts 2 before 2.3.29 and 2.5.x before 2.5.1 allow attackers to have unspecified impact via vectors related to improper action name clean up.

Record: CVE-2016-4436
CVSS 3.0: 9.8 CriticalCVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Updated: 2026-11-02

OSVGHSA-xm92-v2mq-842q9.8

Apache Struts improper action name cleanup

Apache Struts 2 before 2.3.29 and 2.5.x before 2.5.1 allow attackers to have unspecified impact via vectors related to improper action name clean up.

Record: GHSA-xm92-v2mq-842q
CVSS 3.0: 9.8 CriticalCVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Updated: 2026-11-02

History

History
Recorded	Changed	Sources
Nov 10, 2026	facts
Nov 3, 2026	aliases	EUVD
Nov 2, 2026	first indexed	CVE List, GitHub Advisories, NVD, OSV

Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.

References

Show 5 moreShow less