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CVE-2026-71972

U-Boot through 2026.10-rc5 Out-of-Bounds Write in BMP RLE8 Decoder

6.0 Medium

U-Boot through 2026.10-rc5 contains an out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the video_display_rle8_bitmap function in drivers/video/video_bmp.c. Attackers can supply a crafted RLE8-compressed BMP image to corrupt memory adjacent to the framebuffer and crash the bootloader.

Attack profile

How easy it is to exploit

Attack vector
Adjacent network
Complexity
Low
Privileges needed
None
User interaction
None

What an attacker can affect

Confidentiality
None
Integrity
Low
Availability
High

Exploit likelihood

0.22%Unchanged since Sep 30, 2026
90%50%10%1%

What each source reports

CVE List Score used 6.0

U-Boot through 2026.10-rc5 Out-of-Bounds Write in BMP RLE8 Decoder

U-Boot through 2026.10-rc5 contains an out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the video_display_rle8_bitmap function in drivers/video/video_bmp.c. Attackers can supply a crafted RLE8-compressed BMP image to corrupt memory adjacent to the framebuffer and crash the bootloader.

Record
CVE-2026-71972
CVSS 4.0
6.0 MediumCVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
CVSS 3.1
5.9 MediumCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H
Weakness
CWE-787
Updated
2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2026-89430 6.0

U-Boot through 2026.10-rc5 contains an out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the video_display_rle8_bitmap function in drivers/video/video_bmp.c. Attackers can supply a crafted RLE8-compressed BMP image to corrupt memory adjacent to the framebuffer and crash the bootloader.

Record
EUVD-2026-89430
CVSS 4.0
6.0 MediumCVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Updated
2026-11-02
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-9fh8-rw5q-p54v 6.0

U-Boot through 2026.10-rc5 contains an out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the...

U-Boot through 2026.10-rc5 contains an out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the video_display_rle8_bitmap function in drivers/video/video_bmp.c. Attackers can supply a crafted RLE8-compressed BMP image to corrupt memory adjacent to the framebuffer and crash the bootloader.

Record
GHSA-9fh8-rw5q-p54v
CVSS 4.0
6.0 MediumCVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
CVSS 3.1
5.9 MediumCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H
Weakness
CWE-787
Updated
2026-11-02
NVD 6.0

U-Boot through 2026.10-rc5 contains an out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the video_display_rle8_bitmap function in drivers/video/video_bmp.c. Attackers can supply a crafted RLE8-compressed BMP image to corrupt memory adjacent to the framebuffer and crash the bootloader.

Record
CVE-2026-71972
CVSS 4.0
6.0 MediumCVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
CVSS 3.1
5.9 MediumCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H
Weakness
CWE-787
Updated
2026-11-02
OSV 6.0

U-Boot through 2026.10-rc5 Out-of-Bounds Write in BMP RLE8 Decoder

U-Boot through 2026.10-rc5 contains an out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the video_display_rle8_bitmap function in drivers/video/video_bmp.c. Attackers can supply a crafted RLE8-compressed BMP image to corrupt memory adjacent to the framebuffer and crash the bootloader.

Record
CVE-2026-71972
CVSS 4.0
6.0 MediumCVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Weakness
CWE-787
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVDEBIAN-CVE-2026-71972 6.0

U-Boot through 2026.10-rc5 contains an out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the video_display_rle8_bitmap function in drivers/video/video_bmp.c. Attackers can supply a crafted RLE8-compressed BMP image to corrupt memory adjacent to the framebuffer and crash the bootloader.

Record
DEBIAN-CVE-2026-71972
CVSS 4.0
6.0 MediumCVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Updated
2026-11-02
Show 6 moreShow less
OSVOESA-2026-4841 8.2

uboot-tools security update

This package includes the mkimage program, which allows generation of U-Boot images in various formats, and the fw_printenv and fw_setenv programs to read and modify U-Boot's environment.

Security Fix(es):

U-Boot before 2026.10-rc3 with CONFIG_IP_DEFRAG enabled contains an out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the __net_defragment() function in net/net.c. Remote attackers can send a crafted IP fragment with non-zero offset and More-Fragments flag set during netboot to corrupt adjacent memory and crash the bootloader.(CVE-2026-71971)

U-Boot through 2026.10-rc5 contains an out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the video_display_rle8_bitmap function in drivers/video/video_bmp.c. Attackers can supply a crafted RLE8-compressed BMP image to corrupt memory adjacent to the framebuffer and crash the bootloader.(CVE-2026-71972)

U-Boot before 2026.10-rc4 contains an integer overflow vulnerability in sqfs_read_directory_table() function when allocating the directory table buffer. Attackers can supply a crafted SquashFS image with an attacker-controlled superblock metablks_count value that causes heap buffer under-allocation and out-of-bounds writes, corrupting heap memory and crashing the bootloader.(CVE-2026-71973)

Record
OESA-2026-4841
CVSS 3.1
8.2 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H
Updated
2026-11-11
OSVOESA-2026-4842 8.2

uboot-tools security update

This package includes the mkimage program, which allows generation of U-Boot images in various formats, and the fw_printenv and fw_setenv programs to read and modify U-Boot's environment.

Security Fix(es):

U-Boot before 2026.10-rc3 with CONFIG_IP_DEFRAG enabled contains an out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the __net_defragment() function in net/net.c. Remote attackers can send a crafted IP fragment with non-zero offset and More-Fragments flag set during netboot to corrupt adjacent memory and crash the bootloader.(CVE-2026-71971)

U-Boot through 2026.10-rc5 contains an out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the video_display_rle8_bitmap function in drivers/video/video_bmp.c. Attackers can supply a crafted RLE8-compressed BMP image to corrupt memory adjacent to the framebuffer and crash the bootloader.(CVE-2026-71972)

U-Boot before 2026.10-rc4 contains an integer overflow vulnerability in sqfs_read_directory_table() function when allocating the directory table buffer. Attackers can supply a crafted SquashFS image with an attacker-controlled superblock metablks_count value that causes heap buffer under-allocation and out-of-bounds writes, corrupting heap memory and crashing the bootloader.(CVE-2026-71973)

Record
OESA-2026-4842
CVSS 3.1
8.2 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H
Updated
2026-11-11
OSVOESA-2026-4843 8.2

uboot-tools security update

This package includes the mkimage program, which allows generation of U-Boot images in various formats, and the fw_printenv and fw_setenv programs to read and modify U-Boot's environment.

Security Fix(es):

U-Boot before 2026.10-rc3 with CONFIG_IP_DEFRAG enabled contains an out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the __net_defragment() function in net/net.c. Remote attackers can send a crafted IP fragment with non-zero offset and More-Fragments flag set during netboot to corrupt adjacent memory and crash the bootloader.(CVE-2026-71971)

U-Boot through 2026.10-rc5 contains an out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the video_display_rle8_bitmap function in drivers/video/video_bmp.c. Attackers can supply a crafted RLE8-compressed BMP image to corrupt memory adjacent to the framebuffer and crash the bootloader.(CVE-2026-71972)

U-Boot before 2026.10-rc4 contains an integer overflow vulnerability in sqfs_read_directory_table() function when allocating the directory table buffer. Attackers can supply a crafted SquashFS image with an attacker-controlled superblock metablks_count value that causes heap buffer under-allocation and out-of-bounds writes, corrupting heap memory and crashing the bootloader.(CVE-2026-71973)

Record
OESA-2026-4843
CVSS 3.1
8.2 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H
Updated
2026-11-11
OSVOESA-2026-4844 8.2

uboot-tools security update

This package includes the mkimage program, which allows generation of U-Boot images in various formats, and the fw_printenv and fw_setenv programs to read and modify U-Boot's environment.

Security Fix(es):

U-Boot before 2026.10-rc3 with CONFIG_IP_DEFRAG enabled contains an out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the __net_defragment() function in net/net.c. Remote attackers can send a crafted IP fragment with non-zero offset and More-Fragments flag set during netboot to corrupt adjacent memory and crash the bootloader.(CVE-2026-71971)

U-Boot through 2026.10-rc5 contains an out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the video_display_rle8_bitmap function in drivers/video/video_bmp.c. Attackers can supply a crafted RLE8-compressed BMP image to corrupt memory adjacent to the framebuffer and crash the bootloader.(CVE-2026-71972)

U-Boot before 2026.10-rc4 contains an integer overflow vulnerability in sqfs_read_directory_table() function when allocating the directory table buffer. Attackers can supply a crafted SquashFS image with an attacker-controlled superblock metablks_count value that causes heap buffer under-allocation and out-of-bounds writes, corrupting heap memory and crashing the bootloader.(CVE-2026-71973)

U-Boot before 2026.10-rc5 contains a buffer overflow in nfs_read_reply() function in net/nfs-common.c that allows attackers to corrupt memory by supplying crafted NFS READ reply lengths. A malicious NFS server can exploit signed integer handling to bypass length validation and write far past the destination buffer, crashing the bootloader or corrupting memory.(CVE-2026-74220)

U-Boot before 2026.10-rc5 contains a buffer overflow in nfs_readlink_reply() function in net/nfs-common.c when processing NFS server responses. A malicious NFS server can send crafted READLINK replies with negative or oversized symlink length values to corrupt memory and crash the bootloader.(CVE-2026-74221)

Record
OESA-2026-4844
CVSS 3.1
8.2 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H
Updated
2026-11-11
OSVUBUNTU-CVE-2026-71972 6.0

U-Boot through 2026.10-rc5 contains an out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the video_display_rle8_bitmap function in drivers/video/video_bmp.c. Attackers can supply a crafted RLE8-compressed BMP image to corrupt memory adjacent to the framebuffer and crash the bootloader.

Record
UBUNTU-CVE-2026-71972
CVSS 4.0
6.0 MediumCVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
CVSS 3.1
5.9 MediumCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVAZL-105726 No score

CVE-2026-71972 affecting package qemu 10.1.0-1

U-Boot through 2026.10-rc5 contains an out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the video_display_rle8_bitmap function in drivers/video/video_bmp.c. Attackers can supply a crafted RLE8-compressed BMP image to corrupt memory adjacent to the framebuffer and crash the bootloader.

Record
AZL-105726
Updated
2026-11-02

Affected products

Affected packages

Affected packages
PackageAffectedFixed
qemu
Azure Linux:3
through 10.1.0-1 None known
u-boot
Debian:12
All versions, plus listed versions
2023.01+dfsg-22023.01+dfsg-2+deb12u12023.01+dfsg-2+deb12u22023.01+dfsg-2+deb12u32023.04+dfsg-1
Show 19 moreShow less
2023.04~rc2+dfsg-12023.04~rc5+dfsg-12023.07+dfsg-12023.07~rc4+dfsg-12023.07~rc5+dfsg-12024.01+dfsg-12024.01+dfsg-22024.01+dfsg-32024.01+dfsg-42024.01+dfsg-52024.01+dfsg-62024.01+dfsg-72024.01~rc6+dfsg-12024.01~rc6+dfsg-22025.01-12025.01-22025.01-32025.01-3.12025.01-3.2
None known
u-boot
Debian:13
All versions, plus listed versions
2025.01-32025.01-3+deb13u12025.01-3.12025.01-3.2
None known
u-boot
Debian:14
All versions, plus listed versions
2025.01-32025.01-3.12025.01-3.2
None known
uboot-tools
openEuler:22.03-LTS-SP4
From an advisory covering 3 CVEs
before 2021.10-15.oe2203sp4
2021.10-15.oe2203sp4
uboot-tools
openEuler:24.03-LTS-SP1
From an advisory covering 3 CVEs
before 2024.01-7.oe2403sp1
2024.01-7.oe2403sp1
uboot-tools
openEuler:24.03-LTS-SP3
From an advisory covering 3 CVEs
before 2024.01-7.oe2403sp3
2024.01-7.oe2403sp3
uboot-tools
openEuler:24.03-LTS-SP4
From an advisory covering 5 CVEs
before 2024.01-7.oe2403sp4
2024.01-7.oe2403sp4
u-boot
Ubuntu:Pro:16.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
2015.04+dfsg1-2ubuntu12015.10+dfsg1-22015.10+dfsg1-32015.10+dfsg1-42016.01+dfsg1-1
Show 7 moreShow less
2016.01+dfsg1-1ubuntu12016.01+dfsg1-2ubuntu12016.01+dfsg1-2ubuntu22016.01+dfsg1-2ubuntu32016.01+dfsg1-2ubuntu52016.01+dfsg1-2ubuntu5+esm12016.01+dfsg1-2ubuntu5+esm2
None known
u-boot
Ubuntu:Pro:18.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
2016.03+dfsg1-6ubuntu22018.07~rc3+dfsg1-0ubuntu1~18.04.12018.07~rc3+dfsg1-0ubuntu2~18.04.12018.07~rc3+dfsg1-0ubuntu3~18.04.12019.07+dfsg-1ubuntu4~18.04.1
Show 4 moreShow less
2020.10+dfsg-1ubuntu0~18.04.22020.10+dfsg-1ubuntu0~18.04.32020.10+dfsg-1ubuntu0~18.04.3+esm12020.10+dfsg-1ubuntu0~18.04.3+esm2
None known
Show 7 moreShow less
Affected packages
PackageAffectedFixed
u-boot
Ubuntu:Pro:20.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
2019.07+dfsg-1ubuntu32019.07+dfsg-1ubuntu52019.07+dfsg-1ubuntu62020.10+dfsg-1ubuntu0~20.04.22021.01+dfsg-3ubuntu0~20.04.1
Show 6 moreShow less
2021.01+dfsg-3ubuntu0~20.04.32021.01+dfsg-3ubuntu0~20.04.42021.01+dfsg-3ubuntu0~20.04.52021.01+dfsg-3ubuntu0~20.04.62021.01+dfsg-3ubuntu0~20.04.6+esm12021.01+dfsg-3ubuntu0~20.04.6+esm2
None known
u-boot
Ubuntu:22.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
2021.07+dfsg-0ubuntu82021.07+dfsg-0ubuntu92021.07+dfsg-0ubuntu102022.01+dfsg-2ubuntu12022.01+dfsg-2ubuntu2
Show 8 moreShow less
2022.01+dfsg-2ubuntu2.12022.01+dfsg-2ubuntu2.32022.01+dfsg-2ubuntu2.42022.01+dfsg-2ubuntu2.52022.01+dfsg-2ubuntu2.62022.01+dfsg-2ubuntu2.72022.01+dfsg-2ubuntu2.82022.01+dfsg-2ubuntu2.9
None known
u-boot-nezha
Ubuntu:22.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
2021.09+git20211008.62392d3-0ubuntu12022.04+git20220405.7446a472-0ubuntu0.12022.04+git20220405.7446a472-0ubuntu0.22022.04+git20220405.7446a472-0ubuntu0.32022.04+git20220405.7446a472-0ubuntu0.4
None known
u-boot
Ubuntu:24.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
2023.07+dfsg-1ubuntu22024.01+dfsg-1ubuntu12024.01+dfsg-1ubuntu22024.01+dfsg-1ubuntu32024.01+dfsg-1ubuntu4
Show 9 moreShow less
2024.01+dfsg-1ubuntu52024.01+dfsg-1ubuntu5.12024.01+dfsg-1ubuntu5.22025.01-0ubuntu0.24.04.12025.01-0ubuntu0.24.04.22025.10-0ubuntu0.24.04.12025.10-0ubuntu0.24.04.22025.10-0ubuntu0.24.04.32025.10-0ubuntu0.24.04.4
None known
u-boot-nezha
Ubuntu:24.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
2022.10-1089-g528ae9bc6c-0ubuntu22024.01~rc1-190-g2e89b706f5-0ubuntu12024.01~rc1-190-g2e89b706f5-0ubuntu22024.01~rc1-190-g2e89b706f5-0ubuntu2.24.04.2
None known
u-boot
Ubuntu:26.10
All versions, plus listed versions
2025.10-0ubuntu22025.10-0ubuntu32025.10-0ubuntu42025.10-0ubuntu52025.10-0ubuntu6
None known
u-boot
Ubuntu:26.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
2025.01-3ubuntu42025.10-0ubuntu12025.10-0ubuntu22025.10-0ubuntu2.12025.10-0ubuntu2.2
None known

History

History
RecordedChangedSources
affected, aliases, facts, referencesOSV
first indexedCVE List, EUVD, GitHub Advisories, NVD, OSV

Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.

In short

CVE-2026-71972 is a medium vulnerability (CVSS 6.0) in Denx Software Engineering U-boot, published September 29, 2026. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.22%, the 12th percentile. No source names a fixed version.

References

Show 12 moreShow less
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