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CVE-2020-1946

Apache SpamAssassin has an OS Command Injection vulnerability

9.8 CriticalFix available

In Apache SpamAssassin before 3.4.5, malicious rule configuration (.cf) files can be configured to run system commands without any output or errors. With this, exploits can be injected in a number of scenarios. In addition to upgrading to SA version 3.4.5, users should only use update channels or 3rd party .cf files from trusted places.

Attack profile

How easy it is to exploit

Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges needed
None
User interaction
None

What an attacker can affect

Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Exploit likelihood

6.13%Up 1.9 points since Apr 14, 2021
90%50%10%1%

What each source reports

NVD Score used 9.8

In Apache SpamAssassin before 3.4.5, malicious rule configuration (.cf) files can be configured to run system commands without any output or errors. With this, exploits can be injected in a number of scenarios. In addition to upgrading to SA version 3.4.5, users should only use update channels or 3rd party .cf files from trusted places.

Record
CVE-2020-1946
CVSS 3.1
9.8 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CVSS 2.0
10.0 HighAV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C
Weakness
CWE-78
Updated
2026-11-02
CVE List No score

Apache SpamAssassin has an OS Command Injection vulnerability

In Apache SpamAssassin before 3.4.5, malicious rule configuration (.cf) files can be configured to run system commands without any output or errors. With this, exploits can be injected in a number of scenarios. In addition to upgrading to SA version 3.4.5, users should only use update channels or 3rd party .cf files from trusted places.

Record
CVE-2020-1946
Weakness
CWE-78
Updated
2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2020-12752 0.0

In Apache SpamAssassin before 3.4.5, malicious rule configuration (.cf) files can be configured to run system commands without any output or errors. With this, exploits can be injected in a number of scenarios. In addition to upgrading to SA version 3.4.5, users should only use update channels or 3rd party .cf files from trusted places.

Record
EUVD-2020-12752
CVSS
0.0 NoneCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Updated
2026-11-03
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-qmmx-pr2m-q429 9.8

In Apache SpamAssassin before 3.4.5, malicious rule configuration (.cf) files can be configured...

In Apache SpamAssassin before 3.4.5, malicious rule configuration (.cf) files can be configured to run system commands without any output or errors. With this, exploits can be injected in a number of scenarios. In addition to upgrading to SA version 3.4.5, users should only use update channels or 3rd party .cf files from trusted places.

Record
GHSA-qmmx-pr2m-q429
CVSS 3.1
9.8 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness
CWE-78
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVALPINE-CVE-2020-1946 9.8

In Apache SpamAssassin before 3.4.5, malicious rule configuration (.cf) files can be configured to run system commands without any output or errors. With this, exploits can be injected in a number of scenarios. In addition to upgrading to SA version 3.4.5, users should only use update channels or 3rd party .cf files from trusted places.

Record
ALPINE-CVE-2020-1946
CVSS 3.1
9.8 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Updated
2026-11-02
OSV 9.8

In Apache SpamAssassin before 3.4.5, malicious rule configuration (.cf) files can be configured to run system commands without any output or errors. With this, exploits can be injected in a number of scenarios. In addition to upgrading to SA version 3.4.5, users should only use update channels or 3rd party .cf files from trusted places.

Record
CVE-2020-1946
CVSS 3.1
9.8 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Updated
2026-11-02
Show 13 moreShow less
OSVDEBIAN-CVE-2020-1946 9.8

In Apache SpamAssassin before 3.4.5, malicious rule configuration (.cf) files can be configured to run system commands without any output or errors. With this, exploits can be injected in a number of scenarios. In addition to upgrading to SA version 3.4.5, users should only use update channels or 3rd party .cf files from trusted places.

Record
DEBIAN-CVE-2020-1946
CVSS 3.1
9.8 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVRHSA-2021:4315 7.8

Red Hat Security Advisory: spamassassin security update

Record
RHSA-2021:4315
CVSS 3.1
7.8 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVRLSA-2021:4315 7.8

Moderate: spamassassin security update

The SpamAssassin tool provides a way to reduce unsolicited commercial email (spam) from incoming email.

Security Fix(es):

  • spamassassin: Malicious rule configuration files can be configured to run system commands (CVE-2020-1946)

For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.

Additional Changes:

For detailed information on changes in this release, see the Rocky Linux 8.5 Release Notes linked from the References section.

Record
RLSA-2021:4315
CVSS 3.1
7.8 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVUBUNTU-CVE-2020-1946 9.8

In Apache SpamAssassin before 3.4.5, malicious rule configuration (.cf) files can be configured to run system commands without any output or errors. With this, exploits can be injected in a number of scenarios. In addition to upgrading to SA version 3.4.5, users should only use update channels or 3rd party .cf files from trusted places.

Record
UBUNTU-CVE-2020-1946
CVSS 3.1
9.8 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVALSA-2021:4315 No score

Moderate: spamassassin security update

The SpamAssassin tool provides a way to reduce unsolicited commercial email (spam) from incoming email.

Security Fix(es):

  • spamassassin: Malicious rule configuration files can be configured to run system commands (CVE-2020-1946)

For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.

Additional Changes:

For detailed information on changes in this release, see the AlmaLinux Release Notes linked from the References section.

Record
ALSA-2021:4315
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVMGASA-2021-0182 No score

Updated spamassassin packages fix security vulnerability

In Apache SpamAssassin before 3.4.5, malicious rule configuration (.cf) files can be configured to run system commands without any output or errors. With this, exploits can be injected in a number of scenarios. In addition to upgrading to SA version 3.4.5, users should only use update channels or 3rd party .cf files from trusted places. (CVE-2020-1946)

Record
MGASA-2021-0182
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVopenSUSE-SU-2021:0551-1 No score

Security update for spamassassin

This update for spamassassin fixes the following issues:

  • CVE-2019-12420: memory leak via crafted messages (bsc#1159133)
  • CVE-2020-1946: security update (bsc#1184221)

This update was imported from the SUSE:SLE-15-SP1:Update update project.

Record
openSUSE-SU-2021:0551-1
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVopenSUSE-SU-2024:11395-1 No score

perl-Mail-SpamAssassin-3.4.6-71.3 on GA media

These are all security issues fixed in the perl-Mail-SpamAssassin-3.4.6-71.3 package on the GA media of openSUSE Tumbleweed.

Record
openSUSE-SU-2024:11395-1
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVSUSE-SU-2021:1152-1 No score

Security update for spamassassin

This update for spamassassin fixes the following issues:

  • spamassassin was updated to version 3.4.5
  • CVE-2019-12420: memory leak via crafted messages (bsc#1159133)
  • CVE-2020-1946: security update (bsc#1184221)
Record
SUSE-SU-2021:1152-1
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVSUSE-SU-2021:1153-1 No score

Security update for spamassassin

This update for spamassassin fixes the following issues:

  • CVE-2019-12420: memory leak via crafted messages (bsc#1159133)
  • CVE-2020-1946: security update (bsc#1184221)
Record
SUSE-SU-2021:1153-1
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVSUSE-SU-2021:1163-1 No score

Security update for spamassassin

This update for spamassassin fixes the following issues:

  • CVE-2019-12420: memory leak via crafted messages (bsc#1159133)
  • CVE-2020-1946: security update (bsc#1184221)
Record
SUSE-SU-2021:1163-1
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVUSN-4899-1 No score

spamassassin vulnerability

Damian Lukowski discovered that SpamAssassin incorrectly handled certain CF files. If a user or automated system were tricked into using a specially- crafted CF file, a remote attacker could possibly run arbitrary code.

Record
USN-4899-1
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVUSN-4899-2 No score

spamassassin vulnerability

USN-4899-1 fixed a vulnerability in SpamAssassin. This update provides the corresponding update for Ubuntu 14.04 ESM.

Original advisory details:

Damian Lukowski discovered that SpamAssassin incorrectly handled certain CF files. If a user or automated system were tricked into using a specially- crafted CF file, a remote attacker could possibly run arbitrary code.

Record
USN-4899-2
Updated
2026-11-02

Affected products

Affected packages

Affected packages
PackageAffectedFixed
spamassassin
Alpine:v3.10
before 3.4.5-r0
3.4.5-r0
spamassassin
Alpine:v3.11
before 3.4.5-r0
3.4.5-r0
spamassassin
Alpine:v3.12
before 3.4.5-r0
3.4.5-r0
spamassassin
Alpine:v3.13
before 3.4.5-r0
3.4.5-r0
spamassassin
Alpine:v3.14
before 3.4.5-r0
3.4.5-r0
spamassassin
Alpine:v3.15
before 3.4.5-r0
3.4.5-r0
spamassassin
Alpine:v3.16
before 3.4.5-r0
3.4.5-r0
spamassassin
Alpine:v3.17
before 3.4.5-r0
3.4.5-r0
spamassassin
Alpine:v3.18
before 3.4.5-r0
3.4.5-r0
spamassassin
Alpine:v3.19
before 3.4.5-r0
3.4.5-r0
Show 53 moreShow less
Affected packages
PackageAffectedFixed
spamassassin
Alpine:v3.20
before 3.4.5-r0
3.4.5-r0
spamassassin
Alpine:v3.21
before 3.4.5-r0
3.4.5-r0
spamassassin
Alpine:v3.22
before 3.4.5-r0
3.4.5-r0
spamassassin
Alpine:v3.23
before 3.4.5-r0
3.4.5-r0
spamassassin
Alpine:v3.24
before 3.4.5-r0
3.4.5-r0
spamassassin
AlmaLinux:8
before 3.4.4-4.el8
3.4.4-4.el8
spamassassin
Debian:12
before 3.4.5~pre1-1
3.4.5~pre1-1
spamassassin
Debian:13
before 3.4.5~pre1-1
3.4.5~pre1-1
spamassassin
Debian:14
before 3.4.5~pre1-1
3.4.5~pre1-1
spamassassin
Debian:9
before 3.4.2-1~deb9u4, plus listed versions
3.4.1-63.4.1-6+deb9u13.4.1-73.4.1-83.4.2-1~deb9u13.4.2-1~deb9u23.4.2-1~deb9u3
3.4.2-1~deb9u4
spamassassin
Debian:10
before 3.4.2-1+deb10u3, plus listed versions
3.4.2-13.4.2-1+deb10u13.4.2-1+deb10u2
3.4.2-1+deb10u3
spamassassin
Mageia:7
before 3.4.5-1.mga7
3.4.5-1.mga7
spamassassin-rules
Mageia:7
before 3.4.5-1.mga7
3.4.5-1.mga7
spamassassin
Mageia:8
before 3.4.5-1.mga8
3.4.5-1.mga8
spamassassin-rules
Mageia:8
before 3.4.5-1.mga8
3.4.5-1.mga8
spamassassin
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream
before 0:3.4.4-4.el8
0:3.4.4-4.el8
spamassassin-debuginfo
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream
before 0:3.4.4-4.el8
0:3.4.4-4.el8
spamassassin-debugsource
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream
before 0:3.4.4-4.el8
0:3.4.4-4.el8
spamassassin
Rocky Linux:8
before 0:3.4.4-4.el8
0:3.4.4-4.el8
spamassassin
SUSE:HPE Helion OpenStack 8
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 3.4.5-44.13.1
3.4.5-44.13.1
spamassassin
SUSE:OpenStack Cloud 8
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 3.4.5-44.13.1
3.4.5-44.13.1
spamassassin
SUSE:OpenStack Cloud 9
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 3.4.5-44.13.1
3.4.5-44.13.1
spamassassin
SUSE:OpenStack Cloud Crowbar 8
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 3.4.5-44.13.1
3.4.5-44.13.1
spamassassin
SUSE:OpenStack Cloud Crowbar 9
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 3.4.5-44.13.1
3.4.5-44.13.1
spamassassin
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 12 SP3
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 3.4.5-44.13.1
3.4.5-44.13.1
spamassassin
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 12 SP4
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 3.4.5-44.13.1
3.4.5-44.13.1
spamassassin
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP2-BCL
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 3.4.5-44.13.1
3.4.5-44.13.1
spamassassin
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP3-LTSS
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 3.4.5-44.13.1
3.4.5-44.13.1
spamassassin
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP3-BCL
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 3.4.5-44.13.1
3.4.5-44.13.1
spamassassin
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP4-LTSS
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 3.4.5-44.13.1
3.4.5-44.13.1
spamassassin
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 3.4.5-44.13.1
3.4.5-44.13.1
spamassassin
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 12 SP5
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 3.4.5-44.13.1
3.4.5-44.13.1
spamassassin
SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15-ESPOS
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 3.4.5-7.14.1
3.4.5-7.14.1
spamassassin
SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15-LTSS
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 3.4.5-7.14.1
3.4.5-7.14.1
spamassassin
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15-LTSS
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 3.4.5-7.14.1
3.4.5-7.14.1
spamassassin
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 3.4.5-7.14.1
3.4.5-7.14.1
spamassassin
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP2
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 3.4.5-12.10.1
3.4.5-12.10.1
spamassassin
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP2
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 3.4.5-12.10.1
3.4.5-12.10.1
spamassassin
SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP1-ESPOS
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 3.4.5-12.10.1
3.4.5-12.10.1
spamassassin
SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP1-LTSS
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 3.4.5-12.10.1
3.4.5-12.10.1
spamassassin
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP1-BCL
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 3.4.5-12.10.1
3.4.5-12.10.1
spamassassin
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP1-LTSS
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 3.4.5-12.10.1
3.4.5-12.10.1
spamassassin
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP1
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 3.4.5-12.10.1
3.4.5-12.10.1
spamassassin
SUSE:Manager Proxy 4.0
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 3.4.5-12.10.1
3.4.5-12.10.1
spamassassin
SUSE:Manager Retail Branch Server 4.0
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 3.4.5-12.10.1
3.4.5-12.10.1
spamassassin
SUSE:Manager Server 4.0
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 3.4.5-12.10.1
3.4.5-12.10.1
spamassassin
SUSE:Enterprise Storage 6
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 3.4.5-12.10.1
3.4.5-12.10.1
spamassassin
Ubuntu:Pro:14.04:LTS
before 3.4.2-0ubuntu0.14.04.1+esm3, plus listed versions
3.3.2-6ubuntu23.3.2-8ubuntu13.3.2-8ubuntu23.4.0-13.4.0-1ubuntu1
Show 5 moreShow less
3.4.0-1ubuntu23.4.0-1ubuntu2.13.4.2-0ubuntu0.14.04.13.4.2-0ubuntu0.14.04.1+esm13.4.2-0ubuntu0.14.04.1+esm2
3.4.2-0ubuntu0.14.04.1+esm3
spamassassin
Ubuntu:16.04:LTS
before 3.4.2-0ubuntu0.16.04.5, plus listed versions
3.4.1-13.4.1-23.4.1-33.4.2-0ubuntu0.16.04.13.4.2-0ubuntu0.16.04.23.4.2-0ubuntu0.16.04.33.4.2-0ubuntu0.16.04.4
3.4.2-0ubuntu0.16.04.5
spamassassin
Ubuntu:18.04:LTS
before 3.4.2-0ubuntu0.18.04.5, plus listed versions
3.4.1-73.4.1-83.4.1-8build13.4.2-0ubuntu0.18.04.13.4.2-0ubuntu0.18.04.23.4.2-0ubuntu0.18.04.33.4.2-0ubuntu0.18.04.4
3.4.2-0ubuntu0.18.04.5
spamassassin
Ubuntu:20.04:LTS
before 3.4.4-1ubuntu1.1, plus listed versions
3.4.2-13.4.2-23.4.3~rc6+1-13.4.3~rc7-13.4.3-13.4.4~rc1-13.4.4-1ubuntu1
3.4.4-1ubuntu1.1
spamassassin
openSUSE:Leap 15.2
From an advisory covering 2 CVEs
before 3.4.5-lp152.10.3.1
3.4.5-lp152.10.3.1
spamassassin
openSUSE:Tumbleweed
From an advisory covering 9 CVEs
before 3.4.6-71.3
3.4.6-71.3

History

History
RecordedChangedSources
affected, facts
aliasesEUVD
first indexedCVE List, GitHub Advisories, NVD, OSV

Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.

In short

CVE-2020-1946 is a critical vulnerability (CVSS 9.8) in Apache Spamassassin, published December 31, 2020. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 6.13%, the 93rd percentile. Fixed in spamassassin 3.4.5-r0.

References

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