CVE-2024-25126

Summary

module Rack
  class MediaType
    SPLIT_PATTERN = %r{\s*[;,]\s*}

The above regexp is subject to ReDos. 50K blank characters as a prefix to the header will take over 10s to split.

PoC

A simple HTTP request with lots of blank characters in the content-type header:

request["Content-Type"] = (" " * 50_000) + "a,"

Impact

It's a very easy to craft ReDoS. Like all ReDoS the impact is debatable.

Rack provides a minimal, modular, and adaptable interface for developing web applications in Ruby. By wrapping HTTP requests and responses in the simplest way possible, it unifies and distills the API for web servers, web frameworks, and software in between (the so-called middleware) into a single method call.

Security Fix(es):

A denial of service vulnerability in the Range header parsing component of Rack >= 1.5.0. A Carefully crafted input can cause the Range header parsing component in Rack to take an unexpected amount of time, possibly resulting in a denial of service attack vector. Any applications that deal with Range requests (such as streaming applications, or applications that serve files) may be impacted.(CVE-2022-44570)

There is a denial of service vulnerability in the Content-Disposition parsingcomponent of Rack fixed in 2.0.9.2, 2.1.4.2, 2.2.4.1, 3.0.0.1. This could allow an attacker to craft an input that can cause Content-Disposition header parsing in Rackto take an unexpected amount of time, possibly resulting in a denial ofservice attack vector. This header is used typically used in multipartparsing. Any applications that parse multipart posts using Rack (virtuallyall Rails applications) are impacted.(CVE-2022-44571)

Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. Carefully crafted content type headers can cause Rack’s media type parser to take much longer than expected, leading to a possible denial of service vulnerability (ReDos 2nd degree polynomial). This vulnerability is patched in 3.0.9.1 and 2.2.8.1.(CVE-2024-25126)

Rack provides a minimal, modular, and adaptable interface for developing web applications in Ruby. By wrapping HTTP requests and responses in the simplest way possible, it unifies and distills the API for web servers, web frameworks, and software in between (the so-called middleware) into a single method call.

Security Fix(es):

A denial of service vulnerability in the Range header parsing component of Rack >= 1.5.0. A Carefully crafted input can cause the Range header parsing component in Rack to take an unexpected amount of time, possibly resulting in a denial of service attack vector. Any applications that deal with Range requests (such as streaming applications, or applications that serve files) may be impacted.(CVE-2022-44570)

There is a denial of service vulnerability in the Content-Disposition parsingcomponent of Rack fixed in 2.0.9.2, 2.1.4.2, 2.2.4.1, 3.0.0.1. This could allow an attacker to craft an input that can cause Content-Disposition header parsing in Rackto take an unexpected amount of time, possibly resulting in a denial ofservice attack vector. This header is used typically used in multipartparsing. Any applications that parse multipart posts using Rack (virtuallyall Rails applications) are impacted.(CVE-2022-44571)

Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. Carefully crafted content type headers can cause Rack’s media type parser to take much longer than expected, leading to a possible denial of service vulnerability (ReDos 2nd degree polynomial). This vulnerability is patched in 3.0.9.1 and 2.2.8.1.(CVE-2024-25126)

Rack provides a minimal, modular, and adaptable interface for developing web applications in Ruby. By wrapping HTTP requests and responses in the simplest way possible, it unifies and distills the API for web servers, web frameworks, and software in between (the so-called middleware) into a single method call.

Security Fix(es):

A denial of service vulnerability in the Range header parsing component of Rack >= 1.5.0. A Carefully crafted input can cause the Range header parsing component in Rack to take an unexpected amount of time, possibly resulting in a denial of service attack vector. Any applications that deal with Range requests (such as streaming applications, or applications that serve files) may be impacted.(CVE-2022-44570)

There is a denial of service vulnerability in the Content-Disposition parsingcomponent of Rack fixed in 2.0.9.2, 2.1.4.2, 2.2.4.1, 3.0.0.1. This could allow an attacker to craft an input that can cause Content-Disposition header parsing in Rackto take an unexpected amount of time, possibly resulting in a denial ofservice attack vector. This header is used typically used in multipartparsing. Any applications that parse multipart posts using Rack (virtuallyall Rails applications) are impacted.(CVE-2022-44571)

Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. Carefully crafted content type headers can cause Rack’s media type parser to take much longer than expected, leading to a possible denial of service vulnerability (ReDos 2nd degree polynomial). This vulnerability is patched in 3.0.9.1 and 2.2.8.1.(CVE-2024-25126)

Rack provides a minimal, modular, and adaptable interface for developing web applications in Ruby. By wrapping HTTP requests and responses in the simplest way possible, it unifies and distills the API for web servers, web frameworks, and software in between (the so-called middleware) into a single method call.

Security Fix(es):

A denial of service vulnerability in the Range header parsing component of Rack >= 1.5.0. A Carefully crafted input can cause the Range header parsing component in Rack to take an unexpected amount of time, possibly resulting in a denial of service attack vector. Any applications that deal with Range requests (such as streaming applications, or applications that serve files) may be impacted.(CVE-2022-44570)

There is a denial of service vulnerability in the Content-Disposition parsingcomponent of Rack fixed in 2.0.9.2, 2.1.4.2, 2.2.4.1, 3.0.0.1. This could allow an attacker to craft an input that can cause Content-Disposition header parsing in Rackto take an unexpected amount of time, possibly resulting in a denial ofservice attack vector. This header is used typically used in multipartparsing. Any applications that parse multipart posts using Rack (virtuallyall Rails applications) are impacted.(CVE-2022-44571)

Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. Carefully crafted content type headers can cause Rack’s media type parser to take much longer than expected, leading to a possible denial of service vulnerability (ReDos 2nd degree polynomial). This vulnerability is patched in 3.0.9.1 and 2.2.8.1.(CVE-2024-25126)

Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. Carefully crafted content type headers can cause Rack’s media type parser to take much longer than expected, leading to a possible denial of service vulnerability (ReDos 2nd degree polynomial). This vulnerability is patched in 3.0.9.1 and 2.2.8.1.

The pcs packages provide a command-line configuration system for the Pacemaker and Corosync utilities.

Security Fix(es):

• rubygem-rack: Denial of Service Vulnerability in Rack Content-Type Parsing (CVE-2024-25126)
• rubygem-rack: Possible DoS Vulnerability with Range Header in Rack (CVE-2024-26141)
• rubygem-rack: Possible Denial of Service Vulnerability in Rack Header Parsing (CVE-2024-26146)

For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.

Additional Changes:

For detailed information on changes in this release, see the AlmaLinux Release Notes linked from the References section.

The pcs packages provide a command-line configuration system for the Pacemaker and Corosync utilities.

Security Fix(es):

• rubygem-rack: Denial of Service Vulnerability in Rack Content-Type Parsing (CVE-2024-25126)
• rubygem-rack: Possible DoS Vulnerability with Range Header in Rack (CVE-2024-26141)
• rubygem-rack: Possible Denial of Service Vulnerability in Rack Header Parsing (CVE-2024-26146)

For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.

Additional Changes:

For detailed information on changes in this release, see the AlmaLinux Release Notes linked from the References section.

• Update bundled rubygem rack to 2.2.20
• CVE-2024-25126: fix ReDoS in Rack::MediaType content type parsing
• CVE-2024-26141: fix response amplification from crafted Range headers
• CVE-2024-26146: fix ReDoS in Accept and Forwarded header parsing
• CVE-2025-46727: fix unbounded parameter count in Rack::QueryParser
• CVE-2025-59830: fix params_limit bypass via semicolon-separated parameters
• CVE-2025-61770: fix unbounded multipart preamble buffering
• CVE-2025-61771: fix unbounded buffering of non-file multipart fields
• CVE-2025-61772: fix unbounded multipart part header buffering
• CVE-2025-61919: fix unbounded form body read in Rack::Request#POST
• Handle Rack::QueryParser::QueryLimitError in pcsd, returning 400 instead of 500
• CVE-2026-31958: cap multipart part count and part header size in bundled tornado
• Disable multipart request parsing in pcsd, which does not use it
• Drop i686 from ExclusiveArch: the bundled web UI needs npm at build time and npm has no i686 build, so the i686 buildroot cannot be created

• Update bundled rubygem rack to 2.2.20
• CVE-2024-25126: fix ReDoS in Rack::MediaType content type parsing
• CVE-2024-26141: fix response amplification from crafted Range headers
• CVE-2024-26146: fix ReDoS in Accept and Forwarded header parsing
• CVE-2025-46727: fix unbounded parameter count in Rack::QueryParser
• CVE-2025-59830: fix params_limit bypass via semicolon-separated parameters
• CVE-2025-61770: fix unbounded multipart preamble buffering
• CVE-2025-61771: fix unbounded buffering of non-file multipart fields
• CVE-2025-61772: fix unbounded multipart part header buffering
• CVE-2025-61919: fix unbounded form body read in Rack::Request#POST
• Handle Rack::QueryParser::QueryLimitError in pcsd, returning 400 instead of 500
• CVE-2026-31958: cap multipart part count and part header size in bundled tornado
• Disable multipart request parsing in pcsd, which does not use it
• Drop i686 from ExclusiveArch: the bundled web UI needs npm at build time and npm has no i686 build, so the i686 buildroot cannot be created

Carefully crafted content type headers can cause Rack’s media type parser to take much longer than expected, leading to a possible denial of service vulnerability (ReDos 2nd degree polynomial). (CVE-2024-25126) Carefully crafted Range headers can cause a server to respond with an unexpectedly large response. Responding with such large responses could lead to a denial of service issue. Vulnerable applications will use the Rack::File middleware or the Rack::Utils.byte_ranges methods (this includes Rails applications). (CVE-2024-26141) Carefully crafted headers can cause header parsing in Rack to take longer than expected resulting in a possible denial of service issue. Accept and Forwarded headers are impacted. (CVE-2024-26146)

These are all security issues fixed in the ruby3.3-rubygem-rack-3.0.9.1-1.1 package on the GA media of openSUSE Tumbleweed.

These are all security issues fixed in the ruby3.3-rubygem-rack-2.2-2.2.8.1-1.1 package on the GA media of openSUSE Tumbleweed.

These are all security issues fixed in the ruby3.4-rubygem-rack-2.2-2.2.11-1.1 package on the GA media of openSUSE Tumbleweed.

These are all security issues fixed in the ruby3.4-rubygem-rack-3.1.12-1.1 package on the GA media of openSUSE Tumbleweed.

These are all security issues fixed in the ruby4.0-rubygem-rack-2.2-2.2.22-1.1 package on the GA media of openSUSE Tumbleweed.

These are all security issues fixed in the ruby4.0-rubygem-rack-3.1.18-1.3 package on the GA media of openSUSE Tumbleweed.

The pcs packages provide a command-line configuration system for the Pacemaker and Corosync utilities.

Security Fix(es):

• rubygem-rack: Denial of Service Vulnerability in Rack Content-Type Parsing (CVE-2024-25126)

• rubygem-rack: Possible DoS Vulnerability with Range Header in Rack (CVE-2024-26141)

• rubygem-rack: Possible Denial of Service Vulnerability in Rack Header Parsing (CVE-2024-26146)

For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.

Additional Changes:

For detailed information on changes in this release, see the Rocky Linux 8.10 Release Notes linked from the References section.

This update for rubygem-rack fixes the following issues:

• CVE-2024-25126: Fixed a denial-of-service vulnerability in Rack Content-Type parsing (bsc#1220239).
• CVE-2024-26141: Fixed a denial-of-service vulnerability in Range request header parsing (bsc#1220242).
• CVE-2024-26146: Fixed a denial-of-service vulnerability in Rack headers parsing routine (bsc#1220248).

This update for rubygem-rack-1_4 fixes the following issues:

• CVE-2024-25126: Fixed a Denial of Service Vulnerability in Rack Content-Type Parsing (bsc#1220239)
• CVE-2024-26141: Fixed a Denial of Service Vulnerability in Range request header parsing (bsc#1220242)
• CVE-2024-26146: Fixed a Denial of Service vulnerability in Rack headers parsing routine (bsc#1220248)

This update for rubygem-rack fixes the following issues:

• CVE-2024-25126: Fixed a denial-of-service vulnerability in Rack Content-Type parsing (bsc#1220239).
• CVE-2024-26141: Fixed a denial-of-service vulnerability in Range request header parsing (bsc#1220242).
• CVE-2024-26146: Fixed a denial-of-service vulnerability in Rack headers parsing routine (bsc#1220248).

It was discovered that Rack incorrectly handled Multipart MIME parsing. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to cause Rack to consume resources, leading to a denial of service. This issue only affected Ubuntu 23.10. (CVE-2023-27530)

It was discovered that Rack incorrectly parsed certain media types. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to cause Rack to consume resources, leading to a denial of service. (CVE-2024-25126)

It was discovered that Rack incorrectly handled certain Range headers. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to cause Rack to create large responses, leading to a denial of service. This issue only affected Ubuntu 24.04 LTS. (CVE-2024-26141)

It was discovered that Rack incorrectly handled certain crafted headers. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to cause Rack to consume resources, leading to a denial of service. This issue only affected Ubuntu 24.04 LTS. (CVE-2024-26146)

It was discovered that Rack incorrectly parsed certain media types. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to cause Rack to consume resources, leading to a denial of service. This issue only affected Ubuntu 20.04 LTS and Ubuntu 22.04 LTS. (CVE-2024-25126)

It was discovered that Rack incorrectly handled certain Range headers. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to cause Rack to create large responses, leading to a denial of service. (CVE-2024-26141)

It was discovered that Rack incorrectly handled certain crafted headers. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to cause Rack to consume resources, leading to a denial of service. (CVE-2024-26146)

It was discovered that Rack was not properly parsing data when processing multipart POST requests. If a user or automated system were tricked into sending a specially crafted multipart POST request to an application using Rack, a remote attacker could possibly use this issue to cause a denial of service. (CVE-2022-30122)

It was discovered that Rack was not properly escaping untrusted data when performing logging operations, which could cause shell escaped sequences to be written to a terminal. If a user or automated system were tricked into sending a specially crafted request to an application using Rack, a remote attacker could possibly use this issue to execute arbitrary code in the machine running the application. (CVE-2022-30123)

It was discovered that Rack did not properly structure regular expressions in some of its parsing components, which could result in uncontrolled resource consumption if an application using Rack received specially crafted input. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to cause a denial of service. (CVE-2022-44570, CVE-2022-44571)

It was discovered that Rack did not properly structure regular expressions in its multipart parsing component, which could result in uncontrolled resource consumption if an application using Rack to parse multipart posts received specially crafted input. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to cause a denial of service. (CVE-2022-44572)

It was discovered that Rack incorrectly handled Multipart MIME parsing. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to cause Rack to consume resources, leading to a denial of service. (CVE-2023-27530)

It was discovered that Rack incorrectly handled certain regular expressions. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to cause Rack to consume resources, leading to a denial of service. (CVE-2023-27539)

It was discovered that Rack incorrectly parsed certain media types. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to cause Rack to consume resources, leading to a denial of service. (CVE-2024-25126)

It was discovered that Rack incorrectly handled certain Range headers. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to cause Rack to create large responses, leading to a denial of service. (CVE-2024-26141)

It was discovered that Rack incorrectly handled certain crafted headers. A remote attacker could possibly use this issue to cause Rack to consume resources, leading to a denial of service. (CVE-2024-26146)