CVE-2026-74221
U-Boot before 2026.10-rc5 Buffer Overflow via NFS READLINK
U-Boot before 2026.10-rc5 contains a buffer overflow in nfs_readlink_reply() function in net/nfs-common.c when processing NFS server responses. A malicious NFS server can send crafted READLINK replies with negative or oversized symlink length values to corrupt memory and crash the bootloader.
Attack profile
How easy it is to exploit
- Attack vector
- Network
- Complexity
- Low
- Privileges needed
- None
- User interaction
- None
What an attacker can affect
- Confidentiality
- None
- Integrity
- Low
- Availability
- High
Exploit likelihood
What each source reports
CVE List Score used
8.8
U-Boot before 2026.10-rc5 Buffer Overflow via NFS READLINK
U-Boot before 2026.10-rc5 contains a buffer overflow in nfs_readlink_reply() function in net/nfs-common.c when processing NFS server responses. A malicious NFS server can send crafted READLINK replies with negative or oversized symlink length values to corrupt memory and crash the bootloader.
- Record
CVE-2026-74221- CVSS 4.0
- 8.8 High
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N - CVSS 3.1
- 8.2 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-195
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2026-89434
8.8
U-Boot before 2026.10-rc5 contains a buffer overflow in nfs_readlink_reply() function in net/nfs-common.c when processing NFS server responses. A malicious NFS server can send crafted READLINK replies with negative or oversized symlink length values to corrupt memory and crash the bootloader.
- Record
EUVD-2026-89434- CVSS 4.0
- 8.8 High
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N - Updated
- 2026-11-02
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-r9ch-9wx4-f978
8.8
U-Boot before 2026.10-rc5 contains a buffer overflow in nfs_readlink_reply() function in net/nfs...
U-Boot before 2026.10-rc5 contains a buffer overflow in nfs_readlink_reply() function in net/nfs-common.c when processing NFS server responses. A malicious NFS server can send crafted READLINK replies with negative or oversized symlink length values to corrupt memory and crash the bootloader.
- Record
GHSA-r9ch-9wx4-f978- CVSS 4.0
- 8.8 High
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X - CVSS 3.1
- 8.2 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-195
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
NVD
8.8
U-Boot before 2026.10-rc5 contains a buffer overflow in nfs_readlink_reply() function in net/nfs-common.c when processing NFS server responses. A malicious NFS server can send crafted READLINK replies with negative or oversized symlink length values to corrupt memory and crash the bootloader.
- Record
CVE-2026-74221- CVSS 4.0
- 8.8 High
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X - CVSS 3.1
- 8.2 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-195
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSV
8.8
U-Boot before 2026.10-rc5 Buffer Overflow via NFS READLINK
U-Boot before 2026.10-rc5 contains a buffer overflow in nfs_readlink_reply() function in net/nfs-common.c when processing NFS server responses. A malicious NFS server can send crafted READLINK replies with negative or oversized symlink length values to corrupt memory and crash the bootloader.
- Record
CVE-2026-74221- CVSS 4.0
- 8.8 High
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N - Weakness
- CWE-195
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVDEBIAN-CVE-2026-74221
8.8
U-Boot before 2026.10-rc5 contains a buffer overflow in nfs_readlink_reply() function in net/nfs-common.c when processing NFS server responses. A malicious NFS server can send crafted READLINK replies with negative or oversized symlink length values to corrupt memory and crash the bootloader.
- Record
DEBIAN-CVE-2026-74221- CVSS 4.0
- 8.8 High
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X - Updated
- 2026-11-02
Show 7 moreShow less
OSVOESA-2026-4735
8.2
uboot-tools security update
This package includes the mkimage program, which allows generation of U-Boot images in various formats, and the fw_printenv and fw_setenv programs to read and modify U-Boot's environment.
Security Fix(es):
U-Boot before 2026.10-rc5 contains a buffer overflow in nfs_read_reply() function in net/nfs-common.c that allows attackers to corrupt memory by supplying crafted NFS READ reply lengths. A malicious NFS server can exploit signed integer handling to bypass length validation and write far past the destination buffer, crashing the bootloader or corrupting memory.(CVE-2026-74220)
U-Boot before 2026.10-rc5 contains a buffer overflow in nfs_readlink_reply() function in net/nfs-common.c when processing NFS server responses. A malicious NFS server can send crafted READLINK replies with negative or oversized symlink length values to corrupt memory and crash the bootloader.(CVE-2026-74221)
- Record
OESA-2026-4735- CVSS 3.1
- 8.2 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H - Updated
- 2026-11-04
OSVOESA-2026-4736
8.2
uboot-tools security update
This package includes the mkimage program, which allows generation of U-Boot images in various formats, and the fw_printenv and fw_setenv programs to read and modify U-Boot's environment.
Security Fix(es):
U-Boot before 2026.10-rc5 contains a buffer overflow in nfs_read_reply() function in net/nfs-common.c that allows attackers to corrupt memory by supplying crafted NFS READ reply lengths. A malicious NFS server can exploit signed integer handling to bypass length validation and write far past the destination buffer, crashing the bootloader or corrupting memory.(CVE-2026-74220)
U-Boot before 2026.10-rc5 contains a buffer overflow in nfs_readlink_reply() function in net/nfs-common.c when processing NFS server responses. A malicious NFS server can send crafted READLINK replies with negative or oversized symlink length values to corrupt memory and crash the bootloader.(CVE-2026-74221)
- Record
OESA-2026-4736- CVSS 3.1
- 8.2 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H - Updated
- 2026-11-04
OSVOESA-2026-4737
8.2
uboot-tools security update
This package includes the mkimage program, which allows generation of U-Boot images in various formats, and the fw_printenv and fw_setenv programs to read and modify U-Boot's environment.
Security Fix(es):
U-Boot before 2026.10-rc5 contains a buffer overflow in nfs_read_reply() function in net/nfs-common.c that allows attackers to corrupt memory by supplying crafted NFS READ reply lengths. A malicious NFS server can exploit signed integer handling to bypass length validation and write far past the destination buffer, crashing the bootloader or corrupting memory.(CVE-2026-74220)
U-Boot before 2026.10-rc5 contains a buffer overflow in nfs_readlink_reply() function in net/nfs-common.c when processing NFS server responses. A malicious NFS server can send crafted READLINK replies with negative or oversized symlink length values to corrupt memory and crash the bootloader.(CVE-2026-74221)
- Record
OESA-2026-4737- CVSS 3.1
- 8.2 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H - Updated
- 2026-11-04
OSVUBUNTU-CVE-2026-74221
8.8
U-Boot before 2026.10-rc5 contains a buffer overflow in nfs_readlink_reply() function in net/nfs-common.c when processing NFS server responses. A malicious NFS server can send crafted READLINK replies with negative or oversized symlink length values to corrupt memory and crash the bootloader.
- Record
UBUNTU-CVE-2026-74221- CVSS 4.0
- 8.8 High
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N - CVSS 3.1
- 8.2 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H - Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVAZL-105702 No score
CVE-2026-74221 affecting package qemu 10.1.0-1
U-Boot before 2026.10-rc5 contains a buffer overflow in nfs_readlink_reply() function in net/nfs-common.c when processing NFS server responses. A malicious NFS server can send crafted READLINK replies with negative or oversized symlink length values to corrupt memory and crash the bootloader.
- Record
AZL-105702- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVUSN-8930-1 No score
u-boot vulnerabilities
Shahriyar Jalayeri and Mehrun P. Hunter discovered that U-Boot incorrectly handled certain NFS READ and NFS READLINK responses. An attacker could possibly use this issue to trigger a buffer overflow, resulting in a denial of service or arbitrary code execution. (CVE-2026-74220, CVE-2026-74221)
Shahriyar Jalayeri and Mehrun P. Hunter discovered that U-Boot incorrectly handled certain HTTP data storage failures in its lwIP implementation. An attacker could possibly use this issue to trigger a use-after-free, resulting in a denial of service. This issue only affected Ubuntu 24.04 LTS and Ubuntu 26.04 LTS. (CVE-2026-74222)
Shahriyar Jalayeri and Mehrun P. Hunter discovered that U-Boot did not properly validate certain DHCPv6 option lengths during network boot. An attacker could possibly use this issue to trigger out-of-bounds memory access, resulting in a denial of service. This issue only affected Ubuntu 24.04 LTS and Ubuntu 26.04 LTS. (CVE-2026-74225)
- Record
USN-8930-1- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVUSN-8930-2 No score
u-boot vulnerabilities
USN-8930-1 fixed some vulnerabilities in U-Boot. This update provides the corresponding fix for U-Boot on Ubuntu 26.10.
Original advisory details:
Shahriyar Jalayeri and Mehrun P. Hunter discovered that U-Boot incorrectly handled certain NFS READ and NFS READLINK responses. An attacker could possibly use this issue to trigger a buffer overflow, resulting in a denial of service or arbitrary code execution. (CVE-2026-74220, CVE-2026-74221)
Shahriyar Jalayeri and Mehrun P. Hunter discovered that U-Boot incorrectly handled certain HTTP data storage failures in its lwIP implementation. An attacker could possibly use this issue to trigger a use-after-free, resulting in a denial of service. (CVE-2026-74222)
Shahriyar Jalayeri and Mehrun P. Hunter discovered that U-Boot did not properly validate certain DHCPv6 option lengths during network boot. An attacker could possibly use this issue to trigger out-of-bounds memory access, resulting in a denial of service. (CVE-2026-74225)
- Record
USN-8930-2- Updated
- 2026-11-02
Affected products
Affected packages
| Package | Affected | Fixed |
|---|---|---|
qemuAzure Linux:3 |
through 10.1.0-1 | None known |
u-bootDebian:12 |
All versions, plus listed versions 2023.01+dfsg-22023.01+dfsg-2+deb12u12023.01+dfsg-2+deb12u22023.01+dfsg-2+deb12u32023.04+dfsg-1 Show 19 moreShow less2023.04~rc2+dfsg-12023.04~rc5+dfsg-12023.07+dfsg-12023.07~rc4+dfsg-12023.07~rc5+dfsg-12024.01+dfsg-12024.01+dfsg-22024.01+dfsg-32024.01+dfsg-42024.01+dfsg-52024.01+dfsg-62024.01+dfsg-72024.01~rc6+dfsg-12024.01~rc6+dfsg-22025.01-12025.01-22025.01-32025.01-3.12025.01-3.2 |
None known |
u-bootDebian:13 |
All versions, plus listed versions 2025.01-32025.01-3+deb13u12025.01-3.12025.01-3.2 |
None known |
u-bootDebian:14 |
All versions, plus listed versions 2025.01-32025.01-3.12025.01-3.2 |
None known |
uboot-toolsopenEuler:24.03-LTS-SP1 |
before 2024.01-6.oe2403sp1 | 2024.01-6.oe2403sp1 |
uboot-toolsopenEuler:24.03-LTS-SP3 |
before 2024.01-6.oe2403sp3 | 2024.01-6.oe2403sp3 |
uboot-toolsopenEuler:22.03-LTS-SP4 |
before 2021.10-14.oe2203sp4 | 2021.10-14.oe2203sp4 |
u-bootUbuntu:Pro:16.04:LTS |
before 2016.01+dfsg1-2ubuntu5+esm2, plus listed versions 2015.04+dfsg1-2ubuntu12015.10+dfsg1-22015.10+dfsg1-32015.10+dfsg1-42016.01+dfsg1-1 Show 6 moreShow less2016.01+dfsg1-1ubuntu12016.01+dfsg1-2ubuntu12016.01+dfsg1-2ubuntu22016.01+dfsg1-2ubuntu32016.01+dfsg1-2ubuntu52016.01+dfsg1-2ubuntu5+esm1 |
2016.01+dfsg1-2ubuntu5+esm2 |
u-bootUbuntu:Pro:18.04:LTS |
before 2020.10+dfsg-1ubuntu0~18.04.3+esm2, plus listed versions 2016.03+dfsg1-6ubuntu22018.07~rc3+dfsg1-0ubuntu1~18.04.12018.07~rc3+dfsg1-0ubuntu2~18.04.12018.07~rc3+dfsg1-0ubuntu3~18.04.12019.07+dfsg-1ubuntu4~18.04.12020.10+dfsg-1ubuntu0~18.04.22020.10+dfsg-1ubuntu0~18.04.32020.10+dfsg-1ubuntu0~18.04.3+esm1 |
2020.10+dfsg-1ubuntu0~18.04.3+esm2 |
u-bootUbuntu:Pro:20.04:LTS |
before 2021.01+dfsg-3ubuntu0~20.04.6+esm2, plus listed versions 2019.07+dfsg-1ubuntu32019.07+dfsg-1ubuntu52019.07+dfsg-1ubuntu62020.10+dfsg-1ubuntu0~20.04.22021.01+dfsg-3ubuntu0~20.04.1 Show 5 moreShow less2021.01+dfsg-3ubuntu0~20.04.32021.01+dfsg-3ubuntu0~20.04.42021.01+dfsg-3ubuntu0~20.04.52021.01+dfsg-3ubuntu0~20.04.62021.01+dfsg-3ubuntu0~20.04.6+esm1 |
2021.01+dfsg-3ubuntu0~20.04.6+esm2 |
Show 6 moreShow less
| Package | Affected | Fixed |
|---|---|---|
u-bootUbuntu:22.04:LTS |
before 2022.01+dfsg-2ubuntu2.9, plus listed versions 2021.07+dfsg-0ubuntu82021.07+dfsg-0ubuntu92021.07+dfsg-0ubuntu102022.01+dfsg-2ubuntu12022.01+dfsg-2ubuntu2 Show 7 moreShow less2022.01+dfsg-2ubuntu2.12022.01+dfsg-2ubuntu2.32022.01+dfsg-2ubuntu2.42022.01+dfsg-2ubuntu2.52022.01+dfsg-2ubuntu2.62022.01+dfsg-2ubuntu2.72022.01+dfsg-2ubuntu2.8 |
2022.01+dfsg-2ubuntu2.9 |
u-boot-nezhaUbuntu:22.04:LTS |
All versions, plus listed versions 2021.09+git20211008.62392d3-0ubuntu12022.04+git20220405.7446a472-0ubuntu0.12022.04+git20220405.7446a472-0ubuntu0.22022.04+git20220405.7446a472-0ubuntu0.32022.04+git20220405.7446a472-0ubuntu0.4 |
None known |
u-bootUbuntu:24.04:LTS |
before 2025.10-0ubuntu0.24.04.4, plus listed versions 2023.07+dfsg-1ubuntu22024.01+dfsg-1ubuntu12024.01+dfsg-1ubuntu22024.01+dfsg-1ubuntu32024.01+dfsg-1ubuntu4 Show 8 moreShow less2024.01+dfsg-1ubuntu52024.01+dfsg-1ubuntu5.12024.01+dfsg-1ubuntu5.22025.01-0ubuntu0.24.04.12025.01-0ubuntu0.24.04.22025.10-0ubuntu0.24.04.12025.10-0ubuntu0.24.04.22025.10-0ubuntu0.24.04.3 |
2025.10-0ubuntu0.24.04.4 |
u-boot-nezhaUbuntu:24.04:LTS |
All versions, plus listed versions 2022.10-1089-g528ae9bc6c-0ubuntu22024.01~rc1-190-g2e89b706f5-0ubuntu12024.01~rc1-190-g2e89b706f5-0ubuntu22024.01~rc1-190-g2e89b706f5-0ubuntu2.24.04.2 |
None known |
u-bootUbuntu:26.10 |
before 2025.10-0ubuntu6, plus listed versions 2025.10-0ubuntu22025.10-0ubuntu32025.10-0ubuntu42025.10-0ubuntu5 |
2025.10-0ubuntu6 |
u-bootUbuntu:26.04:LTS |
before 2025.10-0ubuntu2.2, plus listed versions 2025.01-3ubuntu42025.10-0ubuntu12025.10-0ubuntu22025.10-0ubuntu2.1 |
2025.10-0ubuntu2.2 |
History
| Recorded | Changed | Sources |
|---|---|---|
| affected, aliases, facts, references | OSV | |
| first indexed | CVE List, EUVD, GitHub Advisories, NVD, OSV |
Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.
In short
CVE-2026-74221 is a high vulnerability (CVSS 8.8) in Denx Software Engineering U-boot, published September 29, 2026. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.34%, the 27th percentile. Fixed in uboot-tools 2024.01-6.oe2403sp1.
References
github.com/u-boot/u-boot/commit/1c0aff3a5fbfeee7a8948f624e0b8554e6e0d8fd
github.com/u-boot/u-boot/blob/v2026.07/net/nfs-common.c
github.com/u-boot/u-boot
vulncheck.com/advisories/u-boot-before-2026.10-rc5-buffer-overflow-via-nfs-readlink
nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-74221
github.com/advisories/GHSA-r9ch-9wx4-f978
Show 13 moreShow less
github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/74xxx/CVE-2026-74221.json
security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2026-74221
openeuler.org/zh/security/security-bulletins/detail?id=openEuler-SA-2026-4735
nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-74220
openeuler.org/zh/security/security-bulletins/detail?id=openEuler-SA-2026-4736
openeuler.org/zh/security/security-bulletins/detail?id=openEuler-SA-2026-4737
ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-74221
cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-74221
ubuntu.com/security/notices/USN-8930-1
ubuntu.com/security/notices/USN-8930-2
ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-74220
ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-74222
ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-74225