CVE-2026-0865

Python combines remarkable power with very clear syntax. It has modules, classes, exceptions, very high level dynamic data types, and dynamic typing. There are interfaces to many system calls and libraries, as well as to various windowing systems. New built-in modules are easily written in C or C++ (or other languages, depending on the chosen implementation). Python is also usable as an extension language for applications written in other languages that need easy-to-use scripting or automation interfaces.

Security Fix(es):

When passing data to the b64decode(), standard_b64decode(), and urlsafe_b64decode() functions in the "base64" module the characters "+/" will always be accepted, regardless of the value of "altchars" parameter, typically used to establish an "alternative base64 alphabet" such as the URL safe alphabet. This behavior matches what is recommended in earlier base64 RFCs, but newer RFCs now recommend either dropping characters outside the specified base64 alphabet or raising an error. The old behavior has the possibility of causing data integrity issues.

This behavior can only be insecure if your application uses an alternate base64 alphabet (without "+/"). If your application does not use the "altchars" parameter or the urlsafe_b64decode() function, then your application does not use an alternative base64 alphabet.

The attached patches DOES NOT make the base64-decode behavior raise an error, as this would be a change in behavior and break existing programs. Instead, the patch deprecates the behavior which will be replaced with the newly recommended behavior in a future version of Python. Users are recommended to mitigate by verifying user-controlled inputs match the base64 alphabet they are expecting or verify that their application would not be affected if the b64decode() functions accepted "+" or "/" outside of altchars.(CVE-2025-12781)

The poplib module, when passed a user-controlled command, can have additional commands injected using newlines. Mitigation rejects commands containing control characters.(CVE-2025-15367)

When using http.cookies.Morsel, user-controlled cookie values and parameters can allow injecting HTTP headers into messages. Patch rejects all control characters within cookie names, values, and parameters.(CVE-2026-0672)

The wsgiref.headers.Headers module has an HTTP header injection vulnerability where user-controlled header names and values containing newlines can allow injecting malicious HTTP headers.(CVE-2026-0865)

The email module, specifically the "BytesGenerator" class, didn’t properly quote newlines for email headers when serializing an email message allowing for header injection when an email is serialized. This is only applicable if using "LiteralHeader" writing headers that don't respect email folding rules, the new behavior will reject the incorrectly folded headers in "BytesGenerator".(CVE-2026-1299)

Python combines remarkable power with very clear syntax. It has modules, classes, exceptions, very high level dynamic data types, and dynamic typing. There are interfaces to many system calls and libraries, as well as to various windowing systems. New built-in modules are easily written in C or C++ (or other languages, depending on the chosen implementation). Python is also usable as an extension language for applications written in other languages that need easy-to-use scripting or automation interfaces.

Security Fix(es):

When passing data to the b64decode(), standard_b64decode(), and urlsafe_b64decode() functions in the "base64" module the characters "+/" will always be accepted, regardless of the value of "altchars" parameter, typically used to establish an "alternative base64 alphabet" such as the URL safe alphabet. This behavior matches what is recommended in earlier base64 RFCs, but newer RFCs now recommend either dropping characters outside the specified base64 alphabet or raising an error. The old behavior has the possibility of causing data integrity issues.

This behavior can only be insecure if your application uses an alternate base64 alphabet (without "+/"). If your application does not use the "altchars" parameter or the urlsafe_b64decode() function, then your application does not use an alternative base64 alphabet.

The attached patches DOES NOT make the base64-decode behavior raise an error, as this would be a change in behavior and break existing programs. Instead, the patch deprecates the behavior which will be replaced with the newly recommended behavior in a future version of Python. Users are recommended to mitigate by verifying user-controlled inputs match the base64 alphabet they are expecting or verify that their application would not be affected if the b64decode() functions accepted "+" or "/" outside of altchars.(CVE-2025-12781)

The poplib module, when passed a user-controlled command, can have additional commands injected using newlines. Mitigation rejects commands containing control characters.(CVE-2025-15367)

When using http.cookies.Morsel, user-controlled cookie values and parameters can allow injecting HTTP headers into messages. Patch rejects all control characters within cookie names, values, and parameters.(CVE-2026-0672)

The wsgiref.headers.Headers module has an HTTP header injection vulnerability where user-controlled header names and values containing newlines can allow injecting malicious HTTP headers.(CVE-2026-0865)

The email module, specifically the "BytesGenerator" class, didn’t properly quote newlines for email headers when serializing an email message allowing for header injection when an email is serialized. This is only applicable if using "LiteralHeader" writing headers that don't respect email folding rules, the new behavior will reject the incorrectly folded headers in "BytesGenerator".(CVE-2026-1299)

Python combines remarkable power with very clear syntax. It has modules, classes, exceptions, very high level dynamic data types, and dynamic typing. There are interfaces to many system calls and libraries, as well as to various windowing systems. New built-in modules are easily written in C or C++ (or other languages, depending on the chosen implementation). Python is also usable as an extension language for applications written in other languages that need easy-to-use scripting or automation interfaces.

Security Fix(es):

When passing data to the b64decode(), standard_b64decode(), and urlsafe_b64decode() functions in the "base64" module the characters "+/" will always be accepted, regardless of the value of "altchars" parameter, typically used to establish an "alternative base64 alphabet" such as the URL safe alphabet. This behavior matches what is recommended in earlier base64 RFCs, but newer RFCs now recommend either dropping characters outside the specified base64 alphabet or raising an error. The old behavior has the possibility of causing data integrity issues.

This behavior can only be insecure if your application uses an alternate base64 alphabet (without "+/"). If your application does not use the "altchars" parameter or the urlsafe_b64decode() function, then your application does not use an alternative base64 alphabet.

The attached patches DOES NOT make the base64-decode behavior raise an error, as this would be a change in behavior and break existing programs. Instead, the patch deprecates the behavior which will be replaced with the newly recommended behavior in a future version of Python. Users are recommended to mitigate by verifying user-controlled inputs match the base64 alphabet they are expecting or verify that their application would not be affected if the b64decode() functions accepted "+" or "/" outside of altchars.(CVE-2025-12781)

The poplib module, when passed a user-controlled command, can have additional commands injected using newlines. Mitigation rejects commands containing control characters.(CVE-2025-15367)

When using http.cookies.Morsel, user-controlled cookie values and parameters can allow injecting HTTP headers into messages. Patch rejects all control characters within cookie names, values, and parameters.(CVE-2026-0672)

The wsgiref.headers.Headers module has an HTTP header injection vulnerability where user-controlled header names and values containing newlines can allow injecting malicious HTTP headers.(CVE-2026-0865)

The email module, specifically the "BytesGenerator" class, didn’t properly quote newlines for email headers when serializing an email message allowing for header injection when an email is serialized. This is only applicable if using "LiteralHeader" writing headers that don't respect email folding rules, the new behavior will reject the incorrectly folded headers in "BytesGenerator".(CVE-2026-1299)

Python combines remarkable power with very clear syntax. It has modules, classes, exceptions, very high level dynamic data types, and dynamic typing. There are interfaces to many system calls and libraries, as well as to various windowing systems. New built-in modules are easily written in C or C++ (or other languages, depending on the chosen implementation). Python is also usable as an extension language for applications written in other languages that need easy-to-use scripting or automation interfaces.

Security Fix(es):

In CPython's email module, when folding a long comment containing exclusively unfoldable characters, the parentheses are not preserved. This could be exploited to inject headers into email messages in scenarios where email addresses are user-controlled and not sanitized.(CVE-2025-11468)

When passing data to the b64decode(), standard_b64decode(), and urlsafe_b64decode() functions in the "base64" module the characters "+/" will always be accepted, regardless of the value of "altchars" parameter, typically used to establish an "alternative base64 alphabet" such as the URL safe alphabet. This behavior matches what is recommended in earlier base64 RFCs, but newer RFCs now recommend either dropping characters outside the specified base64 alphabet or raising an error. The old behavior has the possibility of causing data integrity issues.

This behavior can only be insecure if your application uses an alternate base64 alphabet (without "+/"). If your application does not use the "altchars" parameter or the urlsafe_b64decode() function, then your application does not use an alternative base64 alphabet.

The attached patches DOES NOT make the base64-decode behavior raise an error, as this would be a change in behavior and break existing programs. Instead, the patch deprecates the behavior which will be replaced with the newly recommended behavior in a future version of Python. Users are recommended to mitigate by verifying user-controlled inputs match the base64 alphabet they are expecting or verify that their application would not be affected if the b64decode() functions accepted "+" or "/" outside of altchars.(CVE-2025-12781)

User-controlled data URLs parsed by urllib.request.DataHandler allow injecting headers through newlines in the data URL mediatype.(CVE-2025-15282)

The poplib module, when passed a user-controlled command, can have additional commands injected using newlines. Mitigation rejects commands containing control characters.(CVE-2025-15367)

When using http.cookies.Morsel, user-controlled cookie values and parameters can allow injecting HTTP headers into messages. Patch rejects all control characters within cookie names, values, and parameters.(CVE-2026-0672)

The wsgiref.headers.Headers module has an HTTP header injection vulnerability where user-controlled header names and values containing newlines can allow injecting malicious HTTP headers.(CVE-2026-0865)

The email module, specifically the "BytesGenerator" class, didn’t properly quote newlines for email headers when serializing an email message allowing for header injection when an email is serialized. This is only applicable if using "LiteralHeader" writing headers that don't respect email folding rules, the new behavior will reject the incorrectly folded headers in "BytesGenerator".(CVE-2026-1299)

Python combines remarkable power with very clear syntax. It has modules, classes, exceptions, very high level dynamic data types, and dynamic typing. There are interfaces to many system calls and libraries, as well as to various windowing systems. New built-in modules are easily written in C or C++ (or other languages, depending on the chosen implementation). Python is also usable as an extension language for applications written in other languages that need easy-to-use scripting or automation interfaces.

Security Fix(es):

When using http.cookies.Morsel, user-controlled cookie values and parameters can allow injecting HTTP headers into messages. Patch rejects all control characters within cookie names, values, and parameters.(CVE-2026-0672)

The wsgiref.headers.Headers module has an HTTP header injection vulnerability where user-controlled header names and values containing newlines can allow injecting malicious HTTP headers.(CVE-2026-0865)

Python combines remarkable power with very clear syntax. It has modules, classes, exceptions, very high level dynamic data types, and dynamic typing. There are interfaces to many system calls and libraries, as well as to various windowing systems. New built-in modules are easily written in C or C++ (or other languages, depending on the chosen implementation). Python is also usable as an extension language for applications written in other languages that need easy-to-use scripting or automation interfaces.

Security Fix(es):

When using http.cookies.Morsel, user-controlled cookie values and parameters can allow injecting HTTP headers into messages. Patch rejects all control characters within cookie names, values, and parameters.(CVE-2026-0672)

The wsgiref.headers.Headers module has an HTTP header injection vulnerability where user-controlled header names and values containing newlines can allow injecting malicious HTTP headers.(CVE-2026-0865)

The email module, specifically the "BytesGenerator" class, didn’t properly quote newlines for email headers when serializing an email message allowing for header injection when an email is serialized. This is only applicable if using "LiteralHeader" writing headers that don't respect email folding rules, the new behavior will reject the incorrectly folded headers in "BytesGenerator".(CVE-2026-1299)

Python is an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language, which includes modules, classes, exceptions, very high level dynamic data types and dynamic typing. Python supports interfaces to many system calls and libraries, as well as to various windowing systems.

Security Fix(es):

• cpython: wsgiref.headers.Headers allows header newline injection in Python (CVE-2026-0865)

• cpython: CPython: Logging Bypass in Legacy .pyc File Handling (CVE-2026-2297)

• cpython: Incomplete control character validation in http.cookies (CVE-2026-3644)

• cpython: Stack overflow parsing XML with deeply nested DTD content models (CVE-2026-4224)

• python: Python: Command-line option injection in webbrowser.open() via crafted URLs (CVE-2026-4519)

• python: Python: HTTP header injection via CR/LF in proxy tunnel headers (CVE-2026-1502)

• python: Python: Arbitrary code execution or information disclosure via use-after-free in decompression modules (CVE-2026-6100)

• python: cpython: Python: Arbitrary code execution via command injection in webbrowser.open() API (CVE-2026-4786)

• python: Python: Information disclosure and arbitrary code execution via remote debugging with a malicious process. (CVE-2026-5713)

For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.

Python is an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language, which includes modules, classes, exceptions, very high level dynamic data types and dynamic typing. Python supports interfaces to many system calls and libraries, as well as to various windowing systems.

Security Fix(es):

• cpython: wsgiref.headers.Headers allows header newline injection in Python (CVE-2026-0865)

• cpython: CPython: Logging Bypass in Legacy .pyc File Handling (CVE-2026-2297)

• cpython: Incomplete control character validation in http.cookies (CVE-2026-3644)

• cpython: Stack overflow parsing XML with deeply nested DTD content models (CVE-2026-4224)

• python: Python: Command-line option injection in webbrowser.open() via crafted URLs (CVE-2026-4519)

• python: Python: HTTP header injection via CR/LF in proxy tunnel headers (CVE-2026-1502)

• python: Python: Arbitrary code execution or information disclosure via use-after-free in decompression modules (CVE-2026-6100)

• python: cpython: Python: Arbitrary code execution via command injection in webbrowser.open() API (CVE-2026-4786)

• python: Python: Information disclosure and arbitrary code execution via remote debugging with a malicious process. (CVE-2026-5713)

For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.

Python is an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language, which includes modules, classes, exceptions, very high level dynamic data types and dynamic typing. Python supports interfaces to many system calls and libraries, as well as to various windowing systems.

Security Fix(es):

• cpython: wsgiref.headers.Headers allows header newline injection in Python (CVE-2026-0865)

• cpython: IMAP command injection in user-controlled commands (CVE-2025-15366)

• cpython: POP3 command injection in user-controlled commands (CVE-2025-15367)

• cpython: email header injection due to unquoted newlines (CVE-2026-1299)

For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.

Python is an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language, which includes modules, classes, exceptions, very high level dynamic data types and dynamic typing. Python supports interfaces to many system calls and libraries, as well as to various windowing systems.

Security Fix(es):

• cpython: IMAP command injection in user-controlled commands (CVE-2025-15366)

• cpython: POP3 command injection in user-controlled commands (CVE-2025-15367)

• cpython: email header injection due to unquoted newlines (CVE-2026-1299)

For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.

Python is an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language, which includes modules, classes, exceptions, very high level dynamic data types and dynamic typing. Python supports interfaces to many system calls and libraries, as well as to various windowing systems.

Security Fix(es):

• cpython: wsgiref.headers.Headers allows header newline injection in Python (CVE-2026-0865)

• cpython: IMAP command injection in user-controlled commands (CVE-2025-15366)

• cpython: POP3 command injection in user-controlled commands (CVE-2025-15367)

• cpython: email header injection due to unquoted newlines (CVE-2026-1299)

For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.

Python is an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language, which includes modules, classes, exceptions, very high level dynamic data types and dynamic typing. Python supports interfaces to many system calls and libraries, as well as to various windowing systems.

Security Fix(es):

• cpython: wsgiref.headers.Headers allows header newline injection in Python (CVE-2026-0865)

• cpython: IMAP command injection in user-controlled commands (CVE-2025-15366)

• cpython: POP3 command injection in user-controlled commands (CVE-2025-15367)

• cpython: email header injection due to unquoted newlines (CVE-2026-1299)

For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.

Python is an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language, which includes modules, classes, exceptions, very high level dynamic data types and dynamic typing. Python supports interfaces to many system calls and libraries, as well as to various windowing systems.

Security Fix(es):

• cpython: wsgiref.headers.Headers allows header newline injection in Python (CVE-2026-0865)

• cpython: IMAP command injection in user-controlled commands (CVE-2025-15366)

• cpython: POP3 command injection in user-controlled commands (CVE-2025-15367)

• cpython: email header injection due to unquoted newlines (CVE-2026-1299)

For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.

User-controlled header names and values containing newlines can allow injecting HTTP headers.

Python is an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language, which includes modules, classes, exceptions, very high level dynamic data types and dynamic typing. Python supports interfaces to many system calls and libraries, as well as to various windowing systems.

Security Fix(es):

• cpython: wsgiref.headers.Headers allows header newline injection in Python (CVE-2026-0865)
• cpython: CPython: Logging Bypass in Legacy .pyc File Handling (CVE-2026-2297)
• cpython: Incomplete control character validation in http.cookies (CVE-2026-3644)
• cpython: Stack overflow parsing XML with deeply nested DTD content models (CVE-2026-4224)
• python: Python: Command-line option injection in webbrowser.open() via crafted URLs (CVE-2026-4519)
• python: Python: HTTP header injection via CR/LF in proxy tunnel headers (CVE-2026-1502)
• python: Python: Arbitrary code execution or information disclosure via use-after-free in decompression modules (CVE-2026-6100)
• python: cpython: Python: Arbitrary code execution via command injection in webbrowser.open() API (CVE-2026-4786)
• python: Python: Information disclosure and arbitrary code execution via remote debugging with a malicious process. (CVE-2026-5713)

For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.

Python is an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language, which includes modules, classes, exceptions, very high level dynamic data types and dynamic typing. Python supports interfaces to many system calls and libraries, as well as to various windowing systems.

Security Fix(es):

• cpython: wsgiref.headers.Headers allows header newline injection in Python (CVE-2026-0865)
• cpython: CPython: Logging Bypass in Legacy .pyc File Handling (CVE-2026-2297)
• cpython: Incomplete control character validation in http.cookies (CVE-2026-3644)
• cpython: Stack overflow parsing XML with deeply nested DTD content models (CVE-2026-4224)
• python: Python: Command-line option injection in webbrowser.open() via crafted URLs (CVE-2026-4519)
• python: Python: HTTP header injection via CR/LF in proxy tunnel headers (CVE-2026-1502)
• python: Python: Arbitrary code execution or information disclosure via use-after-free in decompression modules (CVE-2026-6100)
• python: cpython: Python: Arbitrary code execution via command injection in webbrowser.open() API (CVE-2026-4786)
• python: Python: Information disclosure and arbitrary code execution via remote debugging with a malicious process. (CVE-2026-5713)

For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.

Python is an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language, which includes modules, classes, exceptions, very high level dynamic data types and dynamic typing. Python supports interfaces to many system calls and libraries, as well as to various windowing systems.

Security Fix(es):

• cpython: wsgiref.headers.Headers allows header newline injection in Python (CVE-2026-0865)
• cpython: IMAP command injection in user-controlled commands (CVE-2025-15366)
• cpython: POP3 command injection in user-controlled commands (CVE-2025-15367)
• cpython: email header injection due to unquoted newlines (CVE-2026-1299)

For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.

Python is an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language, which includes modules, classes, exceptions, very high level dynamic data types and dynamic typing. Python supports interfaces to many system calls and libraries, as well as to various windowing systems.

Security Fix(es):

• cpython: IMAP command injection in user-controlled commands (CVE-2025-15366)
• cpython: POP3 command injection in user-controlled commands (CVE-2025-15367)
• cpython: email header injection due to unquoted newlines (CVE-2026-1299)

For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.

Python is an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language, which includes modules, classes, exceptions, very high level dynamic data types and dynamic typing. Python supports interfaces to many system calls and libraries, as well as to various windowing systems.

Security Fix(es):

• cpython: wsgiref.headers.Headers allows header newline injection in Python (CVE-2026-0865)
• cpython: IMAP command injection in user-controlled commands (CVE-2025-15366)
• cpython: POP3 command injection in user-controlled commands (CVE-2025-15367)
• cpython: email header injection due to unquoted newlines (CVE-2026-1299)

For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.

Python is an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language, which includes modules, classes, exceptions, very high level dynamic data types and dynamic typing. Python supports interfaces to many system calls and libraries, as well as to various windowing systems.

Security Fix(es):

• cpython: wsgiref.headers.Headers allows header newline injection in Python (CVE-2026-0865)
• cpython: IMAP command injection in user-controlled commands (CVE-2025-15366)
• cpython: POP3 command injection in user-controlled commands (CVE-2025-15367)
• cpython: email header injection due to unquoted newlines (CVE-2026-1299)

For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.

Python is an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language, which includes modules, classes, exceptions, very high level dynamic data types and dynamic typing. Python supports interfaces to many system calls and libraries, as well as to various windowing systems.

Security Fix(es):

• cpython: wsgiref.headers.Headers allows header newline injection in Python (CVE-2026-0865)
• cpython: IMAP command injection in user-controlled commands (CVE-2025-15366)
• cpython: POP3 command injection in user-controlled commands (CVE-2025-15367)
• cpython: email header injection due to unquoted newlines (CVE-2026-1299)

For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.

User-controlled header names and values containing newlines can allow injecting HTTP headers.

User-controlled header names and values containing newlines can allow injecting HTTP headers.

User-controlled header names and values containing newlines can allow injecting HTTP headers.

User-controlled header names and values containing newlines can allow injecting HTTP headers.

User-controlled header names and values containing newlines can allow injecting HTTP headers.

User-controlled header names and values containing newlines can allow injecting HTTP headers.

• CVE-2026-0865: reject control characters in wsgiref headers
• CVE-2025-15366: reject control characters in IMAP commands
• CVE-2025-15367: reject control characters in POP3 commands
• CVE-2026-1299: verify headers are sound in email BytesGenerator

• CVE-2026-0865: Prevent HTTP header injection: validate and reject user- controlled header names and values containing newlines.
• CVE-2025-15367: Reject control characters in POP3 commands
• CVE-2026-1299: Reject incorrectly folded LiteralHeader values and quote newlines during BytesGenerator serialization; prevent header injection

• CVE-2026-1299: Fix header injection; quote newlines in email headers and reject incorrectly folded LiteralHeader values during serialization with BytesGenerator.
• CVE-2026-0865: Fix header injection via user-controlled header names and values containing newlines; sanitize and reject header names and values containing newline characters.
• CVE-2025-15367: Reject control characters in POP3 commands to prevent command injection via newlines in user-controlled input

• CVE-2026-0865: reject control characters in wsgiref.headers.Headers
• CVE-2025-15366: reject control characters in IMAP commands
• CVE-2025-15367: reject control characters in POP3 commands
• CVE-2026-1299: verify headers are sound in email BytesGenerator