CVE-2025-24975
Firebird Non-Authorized Access to Encrypted Database Using Execute Statement on External
Firebird is a relational database. Prior to snapshot versions 4.0.6.3183, 5.0.2.1610, and 6.0.0.609, Firebird is vulnerable if ExtConnPoolSize is not set equal to 0. If connections stored in ExtConnPool are not verified for presence and suitability of the CryptCallback interface is used when created versus what is available could result in a segfault in the server process. Encrypted databases, accessed by execute statement on external, may be accessed later by an attachment missing a key to that database. In a case when execute statement are chained, segfault may happen. Additionally, the segfault may affect unencrypted databases. This issue has been patched in snapshot versions 4.0.6.3183, 5.0.2.1610, and 6.0.0.609 and point releases 4.0.6 and 5.0.2. A workaround for this issue involves setting ExtConnPoolSize equal to 0 in firebird.conf.
Attack profile
How easy it is to exploit
- Attack vector
- Network
- Complexity
- High
- Privileges needed
- Low
- User interaction
- None
What an attacker can affect
- Confidentiality
- High
- Integrity
- High
- Availability
- Low
Exploit likelihood
What each source reports
CVE List Score used
7.1
Firebird Non-Authorized Access to Encrypted Database Using Execute Statement on External
Firebird is a relational database. Prior to snapshot versions 4.0.6.3183, 5.0.2.1610, and 6.0.0.609, Firebird is vulnerable if ExtConnPoolSize is not set equal to 0. If connections stored in ExtConnPool are not verified for presence and suitability of the CryptCallback interface is used when created versus what is available could result in a segfault in the server process. Encrypted databases, accessed by execute statement on external, may be accessed later by an attachment missing a key to that database. In a case when execute statement are chained, segfault may happen. Additionally, the segfault may affect unencrypted databases. This issue has been patched in snapshot versions 4.0.6.3183, 5.0.2.1610, and 6.0.0.609 and point releases 4.0.6 and 5.0.2. A workaround for this issue involves setting ExtConnPoolSize equal to 0 in firebird.conf.
- Record
CVE-2025-24975- CVSS 3.1
- 7.1 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L - Weakness
- CWE-754
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2025-25030
7.1
Firebird is a relational database. Prior to snapshot versions 4.0.6.3183, 5.0.2.1610, and 6.0.0.609, Firebird is vulnerable if ExtConnPoolSize is not set equal to 0. If connections stored in ExtConnPool are not verified for presence and suitability of the CryptCallback interface is used when created versus what is available could result in a segfault in the server process. Encrypted databases, accessed by execute statement on external, may be accessed later by an attachment missing a key to that database. In a case when execute statement are chained, segfault may happen. Additionally, the segfault may affect unencrypted databases. This issue has been patched in snapshot versions 4.0.6.3183, 5.0.2.1610, and 6.0.0.609 and point releases 4.0.6 and 5.0.2. A workaround for this issue involves setting ExtConnPoolSize equal to 0 in firebird.conf.
- Record
EUVD-2025-25030- CVSS 3.1
- 7.1 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L - Updated
- 2026-11-02
NVD
7.1
Firebird is a relational database. Prior to snapshot versions 4.0.6.3183, 5.0.2.1610, and 6.0.0.609, Firebird is vulnerable if ExtConnPoolSize is not set equal to 0. If connections stored in ExtConnPool are not verified for presence and suitability of the CryptCallback interface is used when created versus what is available could result in a segfault in the server process. Encrypted databases, accessed by execute statement on external, may be accessed later by an attachment missing a key to that database. In a case when execute statement are chained, segfault may happen. Additionally, the segfault may affect unencrypted databases. This issue has been patched in snapshot versions 4.0.6.3183, 5.0.2.1610, and 6.0.0.609 and point releases 4.0.6 and 5.0.2. A workaround for this issue involves setting ExtConnPoolSize equal to 0 in firebird.conf.
- Record
CVE-2025-24975- CVSS 3.1
- 7.1 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L - CVSS 3.1
- 8.8 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-754
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSV
7.1
Firebird Non-Authorized Access to Encrypted Database Using Execute Statement on External
Firebird is a relational database. Prior to snapshot versions 4.0.6.3183, 5.0.2.1610, and 6.0.0.609, Firebird is vulnerable if ExtConnPoolSize is not set equal to 0. If connections stored in ExtConnPool are not verified for presence and suitability of the CryptCallback interface is used when created versus what is available could result in a segfault in the server process. Encrypted databases, accessed by execute statement on external, may be accessed later by an attachment missing a key to that database. In a case when execute statement are chained, segfault may happen. Additionally, the segfault may affect unencrypted databases. This issue has been patched in snapshot versions 4.0.6.3183, 5.0.2.1610, and 6.0.0.609 and point releases 4.0.6 and 5.0.2. A workaround for this issue involves setting ExtConnPoolSize equal to 0 in firebird.conf.
- Record
CVE-2025-24975- CVSS 3.1
- 7.1 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L - Weakness
- CWE-754
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVDEBIAN-CVE-2025-24975
8.8
Firebird is a relational database. Prior to snapshot versions 4.0.6.3183, 5.0.2.1610, and 6.0.0.609, Firebird is vulnerable if ExtConnPoolSize is not set equal to 0. If connections stored in ExtConnPool are not verified for presence and suitability of the CryptCallback interface is used when created versus what is available could result in a segfault in the server process. Encrypted databases, accessed by execute statement on external, may be accessed later by an attachment missing a key to that database. In a case when execute statement are chained, segfault may happen. Additionally, the segfault may affect unencrypted databases. This issue has been patched in snapshot versions 4.0.6.3183, 5.0.2.1610, and 6.0.0.609 and point releases 4.0.6 and 5.0.2. A workaround for this issue involves setting ExtConnPoolSize equal to 0 in firebird.conf.
- Record
DEBIAN-CVE-2025-24975- CVSS 3.1
- 8.8 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVUBUNTU-CVE-2025-24975
7.1
Firebird is a relational database. Prior to snapshot versions 4.0.6.3183, 5.0.2.1610, and 6.0.0.609, Firebird is vulnerable if ExtConnPoolSize is not set equal to 0. If connections stored in ExtConnPool are not verified for presence and suitability of the CryptCallback interface is used when created versus what is available could result in a segfault in the server process. Encrypted databases, accessed by execute statement on external, may be accessed later by an attachment missing a key to that database. In a case when execute statement are chained, segfault may happen. Additionally, the segfault may affect unencrypted databases. This issue has been patched in snapshot versions 4.0.6.3183, 5.0.2.1610, and 6.0.0.609 and point releases 4.0.6 and 5.0.2. A workaround for this issue involves setting ExtConnPoolSize equal to 0 in firebird.conf.
- Record
UBUNTU-CVE-2025-24975- CVSS 3.1
- 7.1 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L - CVSS 3.1
- 8.8 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - Updated
- 2026-11-04
Affected products
Affected packages
| Package | Affected | Fixed |
|---|---|---|
firebird4.0Debian:13 |
before 4.0.5.3140.ds6-17+deb13u1, plus listed versions 4.0.5.3140.ds6-17 |
4.0.5.3140.ds6-17+deb13u1 |
firebird4.0Debian:14 |
before 4.0.6.3221.ds6-1, plus listed versions 4.0.5.3140.ds6-174.0.5.3140.ds6-17+m68k |
4.0.6.3221.ds6-1 |
firebird4.0Debian:13 From an advisory covering 2 CVEs |
before 4.0.5.3140.ds6-17+deb13u1, plus listed versions 4.0.5.3140.ds6-17 |
4.0.5.3140.ds6-17+deb13u1 |
firebird3.0Ubuntu:20.04:LTS |
All versions, plus listed versions 3.0.5.33100.ds4-33.0.5.33189.ds4-13.0.5.33209.ds4-13.0.5.33220.ds4-13.0.5.33220.ds4-1build13.0.5.33220.ds4-1build2 |
None known |
firebird3.0Ubuntu:25.10 |
All versions, plus listed versions 3.0.12.ds7-12 |
None known |
firebird4.0Ubuntu:25.10 |
All versions, plus listed versions 4.0.5.3140.ds6-164.0.5.3140.ds6-174.0.6.3221.ds6-2 |
None known |
firebird3.0Ubuntu:26.10 |
All versions, plus listed versions 3.0.13.ds7-2build13.0.14.ds7-1 |
None known |
firebird3.0Ubuntu:26.04:LTS |
All versions, plus listed versions 3.0.12.ds7-123.0.13.ds7-23.0.13.ds7-2build1 |
None known |
History
| Recorded | Changed | Sources |
|---|---|---|
| affected | ||
| affected, facts | OSV | |
| first indexed | CVE List, EUVD, NVD, OSV |
Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.
In short
CVE-2025-24975 is a high vulnerability (CVSS 7.1) in Firebirdsql Firebird, published August 15, 2025. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.59%, the 48th percentile. Fixed in firebird4.0 4.0.5.3140.ds6-17+deb13u1.
References
github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/security/advisories/GHSA-fx9r-rj68-7p69
github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/issues/8429
github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/commit/658abd20449f72097fbbce57e8e6ae42ff837fb6
vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-24975-detect-vulnerable-firebird
vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-24975-mitigate-firebird-vulnerability
github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2025/24xxx/CVE-2025-24975.json