CVE-2023-31127
DMTF-2023-0001: SPDM mutual authentication bypass
libspdm is a sample implementation that follows the DMTF SPDM specifications. A vulnerability has been identified in SPDM session establishment in libspdm prior to version 2.3.1. If a device supports both DHE session and PSK session with mutual
authentication, the attacker may be able to establish the session with KEY_EXCHANGE and PSK_FINISH to bypass the mutual authentication. This is most likely to happen when the Requester begins a session using one method (DHE, for example) and then uses the other method's finish (PSK_FINISH in this example) to establish the session. The session hashes would be expected to fail in this case, but the condition was not detected.
This issue only impacts the SPDM responder, which supports KEY_EX_CAP=1 and PSK_CAP=10bat same time with mutual authentication requirement. The SPDM requester is not impacted. The SPDM responder is not impacted ifKEY_EX_CAP=0orPSK_CAP=0orPSK_CAP=01b`. The SPDM responder is not impacted if mutual authentication is not required.
libspdm 1.0, 2.0, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 are all impacted. Older branches are not maintained, but users of the 2.3 branch may receive a patch in version 2.3.2. The SPDM specification (DSP0274) does not contain this vulnerability.
Attack profile
How easy it is to exploit
- Attack vector
- Adjacent network
- Complexity
- Low
- Privileges needed
- Low
- User interaction
- None
What an attacker can affect
- Confidentiality
- High
- Integrity
- High
- Availability
- High
Exploit likelihood
What each source reports
CVE List Score used
9.1
DMTF-2023-0001: SPDM mutual authentication bypass
libspdm is a sample implementation that follows the DMTF SPDM specifications. A vulnerability has been identified in SPDM session establishment in libspdm prior to version 2.3.1. If a device supports both DHE session and PSK session with mutual
authentication, the attacker may be able to establish the session with KEY_EXCHANGE and PSK_FINISH to bypass the mutual authentication. This is most likely to happen when the Requester begins a session using one method (DHE, for example) and then uses the other method's finish (PSK_FINISH in this example) to establish the session. The session hashes would be expected to fail in this case, but the condition was not detected.
This issue only impacts the SPDM responder, which supports KEY_EX_CAP=1 and PSK_CAP=10bat same time with mutual authentication requirement. The SPDM requester is not impacted. The SPDM responder is not impacted ifKEY_EX_CAP=0orPSK_CAP=0orPSK_CAP=01b`. The SPDM responder is not impacted if mutual authentication is not required.
libspdm 1.0, 2.0, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 are all impacted. Older branches are not maintained, but users of the 2.3 branch may receive a patch in version 2.3.2. The SPDM specification (DSP0274) does not contain this vulnerability.
- Record
CVE-2023-31127- CVSS 3.1
- 9.1 Critical
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-372, CWE-287
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2023-35451
9.1
libspdm is a sample implementation that follows the DMTF SPDM specifications. A vulnerability has been identified in SPDM session establishment in libspdm prior to version 2.3.1. If a device supports both DHE session and PSK session with mutual
authentication, the attacker may be able to establish the session with KEY_EXCHANGE and PSK_FINISH to bypass the mutual authentication. This is most likely to happen when the Requester begins a session using one method (DHE, for example) and then uses the other method's finish (PSK_FINISH in this example) to establish the session. The session hashes would be expected to fail in this case, but the condition was not detected.
This issue only impacts the SPDM responder, which supports KEY_EX_CAP=1 and PSK_CAP=10bat same time with mutual authentication requirement. The SPDM requester is not impacted. The SPDM responder is not impacted ifKEY_EX_CAP=0orPSK_CAP=0orPSK_CAP=01b`. The SPDM responder is not impacted if mutual authentication is not required.
libspdm 1.0, 2.0, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 are all impacted. Older branches are not maintained, but users of the 2.3 branch may receive a patch in version 2.3.2. The SPDM specification (DSP0274) does not contain this vulnerability.
- Record
EUVD-2023-35451- CVSS 3.1
- 9.1 Critical
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H - Updated
- 2026-11-03
NVD
9.0
libspdm is a sample implementation that follows the DMTF SPDM specifications. A vulnerability has been identified in SPDM session establishment in libspdm prior to version 2.3.1. If a device supports both DHE session and PSK session with mutual
authentication, the attacker may be able to establish the session with KEY_EXCHANGE and PSK_FINISH to bypass the mutual authentication. This is most likely to happen when the Requester begins a session using one method (DHE, for example) and then uses the other method's finish (PSK_FINISH in this example) to establish the session. The session hashes would be expected to fail in this case, but the condition was not detected.
This issue only impacts the SPDM responder, which supports KEY_EX_CAP=1 and PSK_CAP=10bat same time with mutual authentication requirement. The SPDM requester is not impacted. The SPDM responder is not impacted ifKEY_EX_CAP=0orPSK_CAP=0orPSK_CAP=01b`. The SPDM responder is not impacted if mutual authentication is not required.
libspdm 1.0, 2.0, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 are all impacted. Older branches are not maintained, but users of the 2.3 branch may receive a patch in version 2.3.2. The SPDM specification (DSP0274) does not contain this vulnerability.
- Record
CVE-2023-31127- CVSS 3.1
- 9.0 Critical
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H - CVSS 3.1
- 8.8 High
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-287, CWE-372
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSV
9.0
DMTF-2023-0001: SPDM mutual authentication bypass
libspdm is a sample implementation that follows the DMTF SPDM specifications. A vulnerability has been identified in SPDM session establishment in libspdm prior to version 2.3.1. If a device supports both DHE session and PSK session with mutual
authentication, the attacker may be able to establish the session with KEY_EXCHANGE and PSK_FINISH to bypass the mutual authentication. This is most likely to happen when the Requester begins a session using one method (DHE, for example) and then uses the other method's finish (PSK_FINISH in this example) to establish the session. The session hashes would be expected to fail in this case, but the condition was not detected.
This issue only impacts the SPDM responder, which supports KEY_EX_CAP=1 and PSK_CAP=10bat same time with mutual authentication requirement. The SPDM requester is not impacted. The SPDM responder is not impacted ifKEY_EX_CAP=0orPSK_CAP=0orPSK_CAP=01b`. The SPDM responder is not impacted if mutual authentication is not required.
libspdm 1.0, 2.0, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 are all impacted. Older branches are not maintained, but users of the 2.3 branch may receive a patch in version 2.3.2. The SPDM specification (DSP0274) does not contain this vulnerability.
- Record
CVE-2023-31127- CVSS 3.1
- 9.0 Critical
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-287, CWE-372
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
Affected products
History
| Recorded | Changed | Sources |
|---|---|---|
| aliases, published | EUVD | |
| first indexed | CVE List, NVD, OSV |
Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.
In short
CVE-2023-31127 is a critical vulnerability (CVSS 9.1) in Dmtf Libspdm, published May 8, 2023. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.94%, the 61st percentile. No source names a fixed version.