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CVE-2023-31127

DMTF-2023-0001: SPDM mutual authentication bypass

9.1 Critical

libspdm is a sample implementation that follows the DMTF SPDM specifications. A vulnerability has been identified in SPDM session establishment in libspdm prior to version 2.3.1. If a device supports both DHE session and PSK session with mutual authentication, the attacker may be able to establish the session with KEY_EXCHANGE and PSK_FINISH to bypass the mutual authentication. This is most likely to happen when the Requester begins a session using one method (DHE, for example) and then uses the other method's finish (PSK_FINISH in this example) to establish the session. The session hashes would be expected to fail in this case, but the condition was not detected.

This issue only impacts the SPDM responder, which supports KEY_EX_CAP=1 and PSK_CAP=10bat same time with mutual authentication requirement. The SPDM requester is not impacted. The SPDM responder is not impacted ifKEY_EX_CAP=0orPSK_CAP=0orPSK_CAP=01b`. The SPDM responder is not impacted if mutual authentication is not required.

libspdm 1.0, 2.0, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 are all impacted. Older branches are not maintained, but users of the 2.3 branch may receive a patch in version 2.3.2. The SPDM specification (DSP0274) does not contain this vulnerability.

Attack profile

How easy it is to exploit

Attack vector
Adjacent network
Complexity
Low
Privileges needed
Low
User interaction
None

What an attacker can affect

Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Exploit likelihood

0.94%Up 0.9 points since May 9, 2023
90%50%10%1%

What each source reports

CVE List Score used 9.1

DMTF-2023-0001: SPDM mutual authentication bypass

libspdm is a sample implementation that follows the DMTF SPDM specifications. A vulnerability has been identified in SPDM session establishment in libspdm prior to version 2.3.1. If a device supports both DHE session and PSK session with mutual authentication, the attacker may be able to establish the session with KEY_EXCHANGE and PSK_FINISH to bypass the mutual authentication. This is most likely to happen when the Requester begins a session using one method (DHE, for example) and then uses the other method's finish (PSK_FINISH in this example) to establish the session. The session hashes would be expected to fail in this case, but the condition was not detected.

This issue only impacts the SPDM responder, which supports KEY_EX_CAP=1 and PSK_CAP=10bat same time with mutual authentication requirement. The SPDM requester is not impacted. The SPDM responder is not impacted ifKEY_EX_CAP=0orPSK_CAP=0orPSK_CAP=01b`. The SPDM responder is not impacted if mutual authentication is not required.

libspdm 1.0, 2.0, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 are all impacted. Older branches are not maintained, but users of the 2.3 branch may receive a patch in version 2.3.2. The SPDM specification (DSP0274) does not contain this vulnerability.

Record
CVE-2023-31127
CVSS 3.1
9.1 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness
CWE-372, CWE-287
Updated
2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2023-35451 9.1

libspdm is a sample implementation that follows the DMTF SPDM specifications. A vulnerability has been identified in SPDM session establishment in libspdm prior to version 2.3.1. If a device supports both DHE session and PSK session with mutual authentication, the attacker may be able to establish the session with KEY_EXCHANGE and PSK_FINISH to bypass the mutual authentication. This is most likely to happen when the Requester begins a session using one method (DHE, for example) and then uses the other method's finish (PSK_FINISH in this example) to establish the session. The session hashes would be expected to fail in this case, but the condition was not detected.

This issue only impacts the SPDM responder, which supports KEY_EX_CAP=1 and PSK_CAP=10bat same time with mutual authentication requirement. The SPDM requester is not impacted. The SPDM responder is not impacted ifKEY_EX_CAP=0orPSK_CAP=0orPSK_CAP=01b`. The SPDM responder is not impacted if mutual authentication is not required.

libspdm 1.0, 2.0, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 are all impacted. Older branches are not maintained, but users of the 2.3 branch may receive a patch in version 2.3.2. The SPDM specification (DSP0274) does not contain this vulnerability.

Record
EUVD-2023-35451
CVSS 3.1
9.1 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Updated
2026-11-03
NVD 9.0

libspdm is a sample implementation that follows the DMTF SPDM specifications. A vulnerability has been identified in SPDM session establishment in libspdm prior to version 2.3.1. If a device supports both DHE session and PSK session with mutual authentication, the attacker may be able to establish the session with KEY_EXCHANGE and PSK_FINISH to bypass the mutual authentication. This is most likely to happen when the Requester begins a session using one method (DHE, for example) and then uses the other method's finish (PSK_FINISH in this example) to establish the session. The session hashes would be expected to fail in this case, but the condition was not detected.

This issue only impacts the SPDM responder, which supports KEY_EX_CAP=1 and PSK_CAP=10bat same time with mutual authentication requirement. The SPDM requester is not impacted. The SPDM responder is not impacted ifKEY_EX_CAP=0orPSK_CAP=0orPSK_CAP=01b`. The SPDM responder is not impacted if mutual authentication is not required.

libspdm 1.0, 2.0, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 are all impacted. Older branches are not maintained, but users of the 2.3 branch may receive a patch in version 2.3.2. The SPDM specification (DSP0274) does not contain this vulnerability.

Record
CVE-2023-31127
CVSS 3.1
9.0 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
CVSS 3.1
8.8 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness
CWE-287, CWE-372
Updated
2026-11-02
OSV 9.0

DMTF-2023-0001: SPDM mutual authentication bypass

libspdm is a sample implementation that follows the DMTF SPDM specifications. A vulnerability has been identified in SPDM session establishment in libspdm prior to version 2.3.1. If a device supports both DHE session and PSK session with mutual authentication, the attacker may be able to establish the session with KEY_EXCHANGE and PSK_FINISH to bypass the mutual authentication. This is most likely to happen when the Requester begins a session using one method (DHE, for example) and then uses the other method's finish (PSK_FINISH in this example) to establish the session. The session hashes would be expected to fail in this case, but the condition was not detected.

This issue only impacts the SPDM responder, which supports KEY_EX_CAP=1 and PSK_CAP=10bat same time with mutual authentication requirement. The SPDM requester is not impacted. The SPDM responder is not impacted ifKEY_EX_CAP=0orPSK_CAP=0orPSK_CAP=01b`. The SPDM responder is not impacted if mutual authentication is not required.

libspdm 1.0, 2.0, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 are all impacted. Older branches are not maintained, but users of the 2.3 branch may receive a patch in version 2.3.2. The SPDM specification (DSP0274) does not contain this vulnerability.

Record
CVE-2023-31127
CVSS 3.1
9.0 CriticalCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness
CWE-287, CWE-372
Updated
2026-11-02

Affected products

History

History
RecordedChangedSources
aliases, publishedEUVD
first indexedCVE List, NVD, OSV

Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.

In short

CVE-2023-31127 is a critical vulnerability (CVSS 9.1) in Dmtf Libspdm, published May 8, 2023. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.94%, the 61st percentile. No source names a fixed version.

References

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