CVE-2024-23636
SOFARPC Remote Command Execution(RCE) Vulnerbility
SOFARPC is a Java RPC framework. SOFARPC defaults to using the SOFA Hessian protocol to deserialize received data, while the SOFA Hessian protocol uses a blacklist mechanism to restrict deserialization of potentially dangerous classes for security protection. But, prior to version 5.12.0, there is a gadget chain that can bypass the SOFA Hessian blacklist protection mechanism, and this gadget chain only relies on JDK and does not rely on any third-party components. Version 5.12.0 fixed this issue by adding a blacklist. SOFARPC also provides a way to add additional blacklists. Users can add a class like -Drpc_serialize_blacklist_override=org.apache.xpath. to avoid this issue.
Attack profile
How easy it is to exploit
- Attack vector
- Network
- Complexity
- Low
- Privileges needed
- None
- User interaction
- None
What an attacker can affect
- Confidentiality
- High
- Integrity
- High
- Availability
- High
Exploit likelihood
What each source reports
CVE List Score used
9.8
SOFARPC Remote Command Execution(RCE) Vulnerbility
SOFARPC is a Java RPC framework. SOFARPC defaults to using the SOFA Hessian protocol to deserialize received data, while the SOFA Hessian protocol uses a blacklist mechanism to restrict deserialization of potentially dangerous classes for security protection. But, prior to version 5.12.0, there is a gadget chain that can bypass the SOFA Hessian blacklist protection mechanism, and this gadget chain only relies on JDK and does not rely on any third-party components. Version 5.12.0 fixed this issue by adding a blacklist. SOFARPC also provides a way to add additional blacklists. Users can add a class like -Drpc_serialize_blacklist_override=org.apache.xpath. to avoid this issue.
- Record
CVE-2024-23636- CVSS 3.1
- 9.8 Critical
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-502
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2024-0286
9.8
SOFARPC is a Java RPC framework. SOFARPC defaults to using the SOFA Hessian protocol to deserialize received data, while the SOFA Hessian protocol uses a blacklist mechanism to restrict deserialization of potentially dangerous classes for security protection. But, prior to version 5.12.0, there is a gadget chain that can bypass the SOFA Hessian blacklist protection mechanism, and this gadget chain only relies on JDK and does not rely on any third-party components. Version 5.12.0 fixed this issue by adding a blacklist. SOFARPC also provides a way to add additional blacklists. Users can add a class like -Drpc_serialize_blacklist_override=org.apache.xpath. to avoid this issue.
- Record
EUVD-2024-0286- CVSS 3.1
- 9.8 Critical
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - Updated
- 2026-11-03
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-7q8p-9953-pxvr
9.8
Remote Command Execution in SOFARPC
Impact SOFARPC defaults to using the SOFA Hessian protocol to deserialize received data, while the SOFA Hessian protocol uses a blacklist mechanism to restrict deserialization of potentially dangerous classes for security protection. But there is a gadget chain that can bypass the SOFA Hessian blacklist protection mechanism, and this gadget chain only relies on JDK and does not rely on any third-party components.
Patches Fixed this issue by adding a blacklist, users can upgrade to sofarpc version 5.12.0 to avoid this issue.
Workarounds SOFARPC also provides a way to add additional blacklist. Users can add some class like -Drpc_serialize_blacklist_override=org.apache.xpath. to avoid this issue.
- Record
GHSA-7q8p-9953-pxvr- CVSS 3.1
- 9.8 Critical
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-502
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
NVD
9.8
SOFARPC is a Java RPC framework. SOFARPC defaults to using the SOFA Hessian protocol to deserialize received data, while the SOFA Hessian protocol uses a blacklist mechanism to restrict deserialization of potentially dangerous classes for security protection. But, prior to version 5.12.0, there is a gadget chain that can bypass the SOFA Hessian blacklist protection mechanism, and this gadget chain only relies on JDK and does not rely on any third-party components. Version 5.12.0 fixed this issue by adding a blacklist. SOFARPC also provides a way to add additional blacklists. Users can add a class like -Drpc_serialize_blacklist_override=org.apache.xpath. to avoid this issue.
- Record
CVE-2024-23636- CVSS 3.1
- 9.8 Critical
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-502
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSV
9.8
SOFARPC Remote Command Execution(RCE) Vulnerbility
SOFARPC is a Java RPC framework. SOFARPC defaults to using the SOFA Hessian protocol to deserialize received data, while the SOFA Hessian protocol uses a blacklist mechanism to restrict deserialization of potentially dangerous classes for security protection. But, prior to version 5.12.0, there is a gadget chain that can bypass the SOFA Hessian blacklist protection mechanism, and this gadget chain only relies on JDK and does not rely on any third-party components. Version 5.12.0 fixed this issue by adding a blacklist. SOFARPC also provides a way to add additional blacklists. Users can add a class like -Drpc_serialize_blacklist_override=org.apache.xpath. to avoid this issue.
- Record
CVE-2024-23636- CVSS 3.1
- 9.8 Critical
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-502
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVGHSA-7q8p-9953-pxvr
9.8
Remote Command Execution in SOFARPC
Impact SOFARPC defaults to using the SOFA Hessian protocol to deserialize received data, while the SOFA Hessian protocol uses a blacklist mechanism to restrict deserialization of potentially dangerous classes for security protection. But there is a gadget chain that can bypass the SOFA Hessian blacklist protection mechanism, and this gadget chain only relies on JDK and does not rely on any third-party components.
Patches Fixed this issue by adding a blacklist, users can upgrade to sofarpc version 5.12.0 to avoid this issue.
Workarounds SOFARPC also provides a way to add additional blacklist. Users can add some class like -Drpc_serialize_blacklist_override=org.apache.xpath. to avoid this issue.
- Record
GHSA-7q8p-9953-pxvr- CVSS 3.1
- 9.8 Critical
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-502
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
Affected products
Affected packages
| Package | Affected | Fixed |
|---|---|---|
com.alipay.sofa:rpc-sofa-boot-starterMaven |
before 5.12.0 | 5.12.0 |
com.alipay.sofa:rpc-sofa-boot-starterMaven |
before 5.12.0, plus listed versions 3.10.03.11.03.11.13.12.03.12.1 Show 45 moreShow less3.13.03.14.03.14.13.15.03.16.03.16.13.16.23.16.33.17.03.18.03.18.13.19.03.19.13.2.03.2.13.2.23.20.03.21.03.22.03.23.03.24.03.25.03.3.03.3.13.3.23.4.03.4.13.4.23.4.33.4.43.4.53.4.63.4.73.4.83.6.03.7.03.8.03.9.03.9.14.0.04.0.0-M14.0.0-M24.0.14.0.24.1.0 |
5.12.0 |
History
| Recorded | Changed | Sources |
|---|---|---|
| aliases, published | EUVD | |
| first indexed | CVE List, GitHub Advisories, NVD, OSV |
Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.
In short
CVE-2024-23636 is a critical vulnerability (CVSS 9.8) in Sofastack Sofarpc, published January 23, 2024. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.80%, the 56th percentile. Fixed in com.alipay.sofa:rpc-sofa-boot-starter 5.12.0.
References
github.com/sofastack/sofa-rpc/security/advisories/GHSA-7q8p-9953-pxvr
github.com/sofastack/sofa-rpc/commit/42d19b1b1d14a25aafd9ef7c219c04a19f90fc76
nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-23636
github.com/sofastack/sofa-rpc/commit/d08e25824ae9feaf0876adba9acd2938f34759b1
github.com/advisories/GHSA-7q8p-9953-pxvr
github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2024/23xxx/CVE-2024-23636.json
github.com/sofastack/sofa-rpc
Left out here: 21 versions. The JSON record has them.