Every CVE Search/ Get API key

CVE-2025-4820

Incorrect congestion window growth by optimistic ACK

5.3 MediumFix available

Impact

Cloudflare quiche was discovered to be vulnerable to incorrect congestion window growth, which could cause it to send data at a rate faster than the path might actually support.

An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit the vulnerability by first completing a handshake and initiating a congestion-controlled data transfer towards itself. Then, it could manipulate the victim's congestion control state by sending ACK frames exercising an opportunistic ACK attack; see RFC 9000 Section 21.4. The victim could grow the congestion window beyond typical expectations and allow more bytes in flight than the path might really support.

Patches

quiche 0.24.4 is the earliest version containing the fix for this issue.

Attack profile

How easy it is to exploit

Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges needed
None
User interaction
None

What an attacker can affect

Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
Low

Exploit likelihood

0.86%Up 0.8 points since Jun 19, 2025
90%50%10%1%

What each source reports

CVE List Score used 5.3

Incorrect congestion window growth by optimistic ACK

Impact

Cloudflare quiche was discovered to be vulnerable to incorrect congestion window growth, which could cause it to send data at a rate faster than the path might actually support.

An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit the vulnerability by first completing a handshake and initiating a congestion-controlled data transfer towards itself. Then, it could manipulate the victim's congestion control state by sending ACK frames exercising an opportunistic ACK attack; see RFC 9000 Section 21.4. The victim could grow the congestion window beyond typical expectations and allow more bytes in flight than the path might really support.

Patches

quiche 0.24.4 is the earliest version containing the fix for this issue.

Record
CVE-2025-4820
CVSS 3.1
5.3 MediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
Weakness
CWE-770
Updated
2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2025-18652 5.3

Impact

Cloudflare quiche was discovered to be vulnerable to incorrect congestion window growth, which could cause it to send data at a rate faster than the path might actually support.

An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit the vulnerability by first completing a handshake and initiating a congestion-controlled data transfer towards itself. Then, it could manipulate the victim's congestion control state by sending ACK frames exercising an opportunistic ACK attack; see RFC 9000 Section 21.4. The victim could grow the congestion window beyond typical expectations and allow more bytes in flight than the path might really support.

Patches

quiche 0.24.4 is the earliest version containing the fix for this issue.

Record
EUVD-2025-18652
CVSS 3.1
5.3 MediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
Updated
2026-11-02
NVD 5.3

Impact

Cloudflare quiche was discovered to be vulnerable to incorrect congestion window growth, which could cause it to send data at a rate faster than the path might actually support.

An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit the vulnerability by first completing a handshake and initiating a congestion-controlled data transfer towards itself. Then, it could manipulate the victim's congestion control state by sending ACK frames exercising an opportunistic ACK attack; see RFC 9000 Section 21.4. The victim could grow the congestion window beyond typical expectations and allow more bytes in flight than the path might really support.

Patches

quiche 0.24.4 is the earliest version containing the fix for this issue.

Record
CVE-2025-4820
CVSS 3.1
5.3 MediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
Weakness
CWE-770
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVALPINE-CVE-2025-4820 5.3

Impact

Cloudflare quiche was discovered to be vulnerable to incorrect congestion window growth, which could cause it to send data at a rate faster than the path might actually support.

An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit the vulnerability by first completing a handshake and initiating a congestion-controlled data transfer towards itself. Then, it could manipulate the victim's congestion control state by sending ACK frames exercising an opportunistic ACK attack; see RFC 9000 Section 21.4. The victim could grow the congestion window beyond typical expectations and allow more bytes in flight than the path might really support.

Patches

quiche 0.24.4 is the earliest version containing the fix for this issue.

Record
ALPINE-CVE-2025-4820
CVSS 3.1
5.3 MediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
Updated
2026-11-03
OSV 5.3

Incorrect congestion window growth by optimistic ACK

Impact

Cloudflare quiche was discovered to be vulnerable to incorrect congestion window growth, which could cause it to send data at a rate faster than the path might actually support.

An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit the vulnerability by first completing a handshake and initiating a congestion-controlled data transfer towards itself. Then, it could manipulate the victim's congestion control state by sending ACK frames exercising an opportunistic ACK attack; see RFC 9000 Section 21.4. The victim could grow the congestion window beyond typical expectations and allow more bytes in flight than the path might really support.

Patches

quiche 0.24.4 is the earliest version containing the fix for this issue.

Record
CVE-2025-4820
CVSS 3.1
5.3 MediumCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
Weakness
CWE-770
Updated
2026-11-02

Affected products

Affected packages

Affected packages
PackageAffectedFixed
dnsdist
Alpine:v3.22
before 1.9.11-r0
1.9.11-r0
dnsdist
Alpine:v3.23
before 2.0.1-r0
2.0.1-r0
dnsdist
Alpine:v3.24
before 2.0.1-r0
2.0.1-r0

History

History
RecordedChangedSources
affected, aliases, facts, referencesOSV
first indexedCVE List, EUVD, NVD, OSV

Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.

In short

CVE-2025-4820 is a medium vulnerability (CVSS 5.3) in Cloudflare Quiche, published June 18, 2025. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.86%, the 58th percentile. Fixed in dnsdist 1.9.11-r0.

References

MoveEnter Open