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CVE-2026-87822

t-digest 3.1 through 3.3 Denial of Service via NaN Centroid Means in MergingDigest.fromBytes

8.7 High

t-digest versions 3.1 through 3.3 fail to validate centroid means during deserialization in MergingDigest.fromBytes, allowing attackers to inject NaN values that bypass validation checks. Attackers can craft malicious serialized digests containing NaN centroids that degrade sorting performance from O(n log n) to O(n squared), causing severe processing delays during merge operations.

Attack profile

How easy it is to exploit

Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges needed
None
User interaction
None

What an attacker can affect

Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

Exploit likelihood

0.67%Up 0.3 points since Sep 10, 2026
90%50%10%1%

What each source reports

CVE List Score used 8.7

t-digest 3.1 through 3.3 Denial of Service via NaN Centroid Means in MergingDigest.fromBytes

t-digest versions 3.1 through 3.3 fail to validate centroid means during deserialization in MergingDigest.fromBytes, allowing attackers to inject NaN values that bypass validation checks. Attackers can craft malicious serialized digests containing NaN centroids that degrade sorting performance from O(n log n) to O(n squared), causing severe processing delays during merge operations.

Record
CVE-2026-87822
CVSS 4.0
8.7 HighCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
CVSS 3.1
7.5 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Weakness
CWE-407
Updated
2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2026-75020 8.7

t-digest versions 3.1 through 3.3 fail to validate centroid means during deserialization in MergingDigest.fromBytes, allowing attackers to inject NaN values that bypass validation checks. Attackers can craft malicious serialized digests containing NaN centroids that degrade sorting performance from O(n log n) to O(n squared), causing severe processing delays during merge operations.

Record
EUVD-2026-75020
CVSS 4.0
8.7 HighCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Updated
2026-11-02
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-32f6-mgwr-pvc4 8.7

t-digest versions 3.1 through 3.3 fail to validate centroid means during deserialization in...

t-digest versions 3.1 through 3.3 fail to validate centroid means during deserialization in MergingDigest.fromBytes, allowing attackers to inject NaN values that bypass validation checks. Attackers can craft malicious serialized digests containing NaN centroids that degrade sorting performance from O(n log n) to O(n squared), causing severe processing delays during merge operations.

Record
GHSA-32f6-mgwr-pvc4
CVSS 4.0
8.7 HighCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
CVSS 3.1
7.5 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Weakness
CWE-407
Updated
2026-11-02
NVD 8.7

t-digest versions 3.1 through 3.3 fail to validate centroid means during deserialization in MergingDigest.fromBytes, allowing attackers to inject NaN values that bypass validation checks. Attackers can craft malicious serialized digests containing NaN centroids that degrade sorting performance from O(n log n) to O(n squared), causing severe processing delays during merge operations.

Record
CVE-2026-87822
CVSS 4.0
8.7 HighCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
CVSS 3.1
7.5 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Weakness
CWE-407
Updated
2026-11-02
OSVUBUNTU-CVE-2026-87822 8.7

t-digest versions 3.1 through 3.3 fail to validate centroid means during deserialization in MergingDigest.fromBytes, allowing attackers to inject NaN values that bypass validation checks. Attackers can craft malicious serialized digests containing NaN centroids that degrade sorting performance from O(n log n) to O(n squared), causing severe processing delays during merge operations.

Record
UBUNTU-CVE-2026-87822
CVSS 4.0
8.7 HighCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
CVSS 3.1
7.5 HighCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Updated
2026-11-02

Affected products

Affected packages

Affected packages
PackageAffectedFixed
t-digest
Ubuntu:16.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
1:3.0-1build1
None known
t-digest
Ubuntu:18.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
1:3.0-1build1
None known
t-digest
Ubuntu:20.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
1:3.0-3
None known
t-digest
Ubuntu:22.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
1:3.0-3
None known
t-digest
Ubuntu:24.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
1:3.0-3
None known
t-digest
Ubuntu:26.10
All versions, plus listed versions
1:3.0-3build1
None known
t-digest
Ubuntu:26.04:LTS
All versions, plus listed versions
1:3.0-31:3.0-3build1
None known

History

History
RecordedChangedSources
first indexedCVE List, EUVD, GitHub Advisories, NVD, OSV

Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.

In short

CVE-2026-87822 is a high vulnerability (CVSS 8.7) in Tdunning T-digest, published September 9, 2026. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 0.67%, the 52nd percentile. No source names a fixed version.

References

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