CVE-2024-28243
KaTeX's maxExpand bypassed by \edef
KaTeX is a JavaScript library for TeX math rendering on the web. KaTeX users who render untrusted mathematical expressions could encounter malicious input using \edef that causes a near-infinite loop, despite setting maxExpand to avoid such loops. This can be used as an availability attack, where e.g. a client rendering another user's KaTeX input will be unable to use the site due to memory overflow, tying up the main thread, or stack overflow. Upgrade to KaTeX v0.16.10 to remove this vulnerability.
Attack profile
How easy it is to exploit
- Attack vector
- Network
- Complexity
- Low
- Privileges needed
- Low
- User interaction
- None
What an attacker can affect
- Confidentiality
- None
- Integrity
- None
- Availability
- High
Exploit likelihood
What each source reports
CVE List Score used
6.5
KaTeX's maxExpand bypassed by \edef
KaTeX is a JavaScript library for TeX math rendering on the web. KaTeX users who render untrusted mathematical expressions could encounter malicious input using \edef that causes a near-infinite loop, despite setting maxExpand to avoid such loops. This can be used as an availability attack, where e.g. a client rendering another user's KaTeX input will be unable to use the site due to memory overflow, tying up the main thread, or stack overflow. Upgrade to KaTeX v0.16.10 to remove this vulnerability.
- Record
CVE-2024-28243- CVSS 3.1
- 6.5 Medium
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-674
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
EUVDEUVD-2024-0839
6.5
KaTeX is a JavaScript library for TeX math rendering on the web. KaTeX users who render untrusted mathematical expressions could encounter malicious input using \edef that causes a near-infinite loop, despite setting maxExpand to avoid such loops. This can be used as an availability attack, where e.g. a client rendering another user's KaTeX input will be unable to use the site due to memory overflow, tying up the main thread, or stack overflow. Upgrade to KaTeX v0.16.10 to remove this vulnerability.
- Record
EUVD-2024-0839- CVSS 3.1
- 6.5 Medium
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H - Updated
- 2026-11-02
GitHub AdvisoriesGHSA-64fm-8hw2-v72w
6.5
KaTeX's maxExpand bypassed by `\edef`
Impact
KaTeX users who render untrusted mathematical expressions could encounter malicious input using \edef that causes a near-infinite loop, despite setting maxExpand to avoid such loops. This can be used as an availability attack, where e.g. a client rendering another user's KaTeX input will be unable to use the site due to memory overflow, tying up the main thread, or stack overflow.
Patches
Upgrade to KaTeX v0.16.10 to remove this vulnerability.
Workarounds
Forbid inputs containing the substring "\\edef" before passing them to KaTeX.
(There is no easy workaround for the auto-render extension.)
Details
KaTeX supports an option named maxExpand which prevents infinitely recursive macros from consuming all available memory and/or triggering a stack overflow error. However, what counted as an "expansion" is a single macro expanding to any number of tokens. The expand-and-define TeX command \edef can be used to build up an exponential number of tokens using only a linear number of expansions according to this definition, e.g. by repeatedly doubling the previous definition. This has been corrected in KaTeX v0.16.10, where every expanded token in an \edef counts as an expansion.
For more information
If you have any questions or comments about this advisory:
- Open an issue or security advisory in the KaTeX repository
- Email us at [email protected]
- Record
GHSA-64fm-8hw2-v72w- CVSS 3.1
- 6.5 Medium
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-606, CWE-674
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
NVD
6.5
KaTeX is a JavaScript library for TeX math rendering on the web. KaTeX users who render untrusted mathematical expressions could encounter malicious input using \edef that causes a near-infinite loop, despite setting maxExpand to avoid such loops. This can be used as an availability attack, where e.g. a client rendering another user's KaTeX input will be unable to use the site due to memory overflow, tying up the main thread, or stack overflow. Upgrade to KaTeX v0.16.10 to remove this vulnerability.
- Record
CVE-2024-28243- CVSS 3.1
- 6.5 Medium
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-674
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSV
6.5
KaTeX's maxExpand bypassed by \edef
KaTeX is a JavaScript library for TeX math rendering on the web. KaTeX users who render untrusted mathematical expressions could encounter malicious input using \edef that causes a near-infinite loop, despite setting maxExpand to avoid such loops. This can be used as an availability attack, where e.g. a client rendering another user's KaTeX input will be unable to use the site due to memory overflow, tying up the main thread, or stack overflow. Upgrade to KaTeX v0.16.10 to remove this vulnerability.
- Record
CVE-2024-28243- CVSS 3.1
- 6.5 Medium
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-674
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVDEBIAN-CVE-2024-28243
6.5
KaTeX is a JavaScript library for TeX math rendering on the web. KaTeX users who render untrusted mathematical expressions could encounter malicious input using \edef that causes a near-infinite loop, despite setting maxExpand to avoid such loops. This can be used as an availability attack, where e.g. a client rendering another user's KaTeX input will be unable to use the site due to memory overflow, tying up the main thread, or stack overflow. Upgrade to KaTeX v0.16.10 to remove this vulnerability.
- Record
DEBIAN-CVE-2024-28243- CVSS 3.1
- 6.5 Medium
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H - Updated
- 2026-11-02
Show 4 moreShow less
OSVGHSA-64fm-8hw2-v72w
6.5
KaTeX's maxExpand bypassed by `\edef`
Impact
KaTeX users who render untrusted mathematical expressions could encounter malicious input using \edef that causes a near-infinite loop, despite setting maxExpand to avoid such loops. This can be used as an availability attack, where e.g. a client rendering another user's KaTeX input will be unable to use the site due to memory overflow, tying up the main thread, or stack overflow.
Patches
Upgrade to KaTeX v0.16.10 to remove this vulnerability.
Workarounds
Forbid inputs containing the substring "\\edef" before passing them to KaTeX.
(There is no easy workaround for the auto-render extension.)
Details
KaTeX supports an option named maxExpand which prevents infinitely recursive macros from consuming all available memory and/or triggering a stack overflow error. However, what counted as an "expansion" is a single macro expanding to any number of tokens. The expand-and-define TeX command \edef can be used to build up an exponential number of tokens using only a linear number of expansions according to this definition, e.g. by repeatedly doubling the previous definition. This has been corrected in KaTeX v0.16.10, where every expanded token in an \edef counts as an expansion.
For more information
If you have any questions or comments about this advisory:
- Open an issue or security advisory in the KaTeX repository
- Email us at [email protected]
- Record
GHSA-64fm-8hw2-v72w- CVSS 3.1
- 6.5 Medium
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H - Weakness
- CWE-606, CWE-674
- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVUBUNTU-CVE-2024-28243
6.5
KaTeX is a JavaScript library for TeX math rendering on the web. KaTeX users who render untrusted mathematical expressions could encounter malicious input using \edef that causes a near-infinite loop, despite setting maxExpand to avoid such loops. This can be used as an availability attack, where e.g. a client rendering another user's KaTeX input will be unable to use the site due to memory overflow, tying up the main thread, or stack overflow. Upgrade to KaTeX v0.16.10 to remove this vulnerability.
- Record
UBUNTU-CVE-2024-28243- CVSS 3.1
- 6.5 Medium
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H - Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVCLSA-2026-1792231998 No score
TuxCare security update for katex (1 CVE)
TuxCare rebuilt katex to address 1 CVE. Fixed in 0.12.0-tuxcare.3.
- Record
CLSA-2026-1792231998- Updated
- 2026-11-02
OSVUSN-7572-1 No score
node-katex vulnerabilities
Juho Forsén discovered that KaTeX did not correctly handle certain inputs, which could lead to an infinite loop. If a user or application were tricked into opening a specially crafted file, an attacker could possibly use this issue to cause a denial of service. This issue only affected Ubuntu 22.04 LTS. (CVE-2024-28243)
Tobias S. Fink discovered that KaTeX did not correctly block certain URL protocols. If a user or system were tricked into opening a specially crafted file, an attacker could possibly use this issue to execute arbitrary code. This issue only affected Ubuntu 22.04 LTS. (CVE-2024-28246)
It was discovered that KaTeX did not correctly handle certain inputs. If a user or system were tricked into opening a specially crafted file, an attacker could possibly use this issue to execute arbitrary code. This issue only affected Ubuntu 22.04 LTS. (CVE-2024-28245)
Sean Ng discovered that KaTeX did not correctly handle certain inputs. If a user or system were tricked into opening a specially crafted file, an attacker could possibly use this issue to execute arbitrary code. (CVE-2025-23207)
- Record
USN-7572-1- Updated
- 2026-11-02
Affected products
Affected packages
| Package | Affected | Fixed |
|---|---|---|
katexnpm |
0.12.0 up to 0.16.10 | 0.16.10 |
katexTuxCare:npm |
0.12.0-tuxcare.0 up to 0.12.0-tuxcare.3, plus listed versions 0.12.00.12.0-tuxcare.10.12.0-tuxcare.2 |
0.12.0-tuxcare.3 |
node-katexDebian:12 |
All versions, plus listed versions 0.16.10+~cs6.1.0-10.16.10+~cs6.1.0-100.16.10+~cs6.1.0-20.16.10+~cs6.1.0-30.16.10+~cs6.1.0-4 Show 6 moreShow less0.16.10+~cs6.1.0-50.16.10+~cs6.1.0-60.16.10+~cs6.1.0-70.16.10+~cs6.1.0-80.16.10+~cs6.1.0-90.16.4+~cs6.1.0-1 |
None known |
node-katexDebian:13 |
before 0.16.10+~cs6.1.0-1 | 0.16.10+~cs6.1.0-1 |
node-katexDebian:14 |
before 0.16.10+~cs6.1.0-1 | 0.16.10+~cs6.1.0-1 |
node-katexUbuntu:Pro:22.04:LTS |
before 0.13.11+~cs6.0.0-2ubuntu0.1~esm1, plus listed versions 0.10.2+dfsg-80.10.2+dfsg-90.10.2+dfsg-100.13.11+~cs6.0.0-2 |
0.13.11+~cs6.0.0-2ubuntu0.1~esm1 |
node-katexUbuntu:Pro:22.04:LTS From an advisory covering 4 CVEs |
before 0.13.11+~cs6.0.0-2ubuntu0.1~esm1, plus listed versions 0.10.2+dfsg-80.10.2+dfsg-90.10.2+dfsg-100.13.11+~cs6.0.0-2 |
0.13.11+~cs6.0.0-2ubuntu0.1~esm1 |
node-katexUbuntu:Pro:24.04:LTS From an advisory covering 4 CVEs |
before 0.16.10+~cs6.1.0-2ubuntu0.24.04.1~esm1, plus listed versions 0.16.4+~cs6.1.0-10.16.10+~cs6.1.0-2 |
0.16.10+~cs6.1.0-2ubuntu0.24.04.1~esm1 |
History
| Recorded | Changed | Sources |
|---|---|---|
| affected, facts | ||
| first indexed | CVE List, EUVD, GitHub Advisories, NVD, OSV |
Dates are when Every CVE recorded each change. Upstream dates may differ.
In short
CVE-2024-28243 is a medium vulnerability (CVSS 6.5) in Katex, published March 25, 2024. No source lists public exploit code. EPSS puts the chance of exploitation in the next 30 days at 1.41%, the 72nd percentile. Fixed in katex 0.16.10.
References
github.com/KaTeX/KaTeX/security/advisories/GHSA-64fm-8hw2-v72w
github.com/github/advisory-database/pull/6777
github.com/KaTeX/KaTeX/commit/e88b4c357f978b1bca8edfe3297f0aa309bcbe34
nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-28243
github.com/advisories/GHSA-64fm-8hw2-v72w
github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2024/28xxx/CVE-2024-28243.json